US Patent Class 123-- INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES

US Patent Class 123
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES

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Current as of: June, 1999
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	DF	CLASS NOTES
1 R	DF	MISCELLANEOUS
1 A	DF	.~ Fuels, lubricants and additives
2	DF	COMBINED DEVICES
3	DF	.~ Generating plants
200	DF	ROTARY
201	DF	.~ Reversible
202	DF	.~ With means to control degree of compression
203	DF	.~ With combusted gas treatment or handling means
204	DF	.~ With compression volume means in uninterrupted communication with expansion volume means
205	DF	.~ With fuel injection means
206	DF	.~.~ And pump or control means
207	DF	.~.~ Into intake port
208	DF	.~.~ Into intake chamber
209	DF	.~.~ Into prechamber
210	DF	.~ With ignition means
211	DF	.~.~ Plural
212	DF	.~ With plural compression volume means
213	DF	.~.~ In series
214	DF	.~ With plural expansion volume means
215	DF	.~.~ In series
216	DF	.~ With charge treatment means
217	DF	.~.~ Exhaust gas recirculation
218	DF	.~.~ Rotor shape
219	DF	.~.~ Stratification
220	DF	.~.~ Preheating
221	DF	.~ With transfer means intermediate single compression volume means and single expansion volume means
222	DF	.~.~ Isolated charge in movable transfer element
223	DF	.~.~ Reciprocating or oscillating compression volume means
224	DF	.~.~.~ Radially spaced from expansion volume means
225	DF	.~.~.~.~ Abutment acts as compression means
226	DF	.~.~.~.~ Compression means disposed in rotor
227	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Vane acts as compression means
228	DF	.~.~ Compression volume means circumferentially disposed relative to expansion volume means
229	DF	.~.~.~ Transfer means in rotor
230	DF	.~.~.~ Compression volume is also expansion volume
231	DF	.~.~.~ Vane
232	DF	.~.~.~ Interengaging rotors
233	DF	.~.~.~.~ Nonparallel axes
234	DF	.~.~ Compression volume means axially disposed relative to expansion volume means
235	DF	.~.~.~ Transfer means in rotor
236	DF	.~.~.~ Vane
237	DF	.~.~.~ Abutment
238	DF	.~.~.~ Interengaging rotors
239	DF	.~.~ Compression volume means radially disposed relative to expansion volume means
240	DF	.~.~.~ Concentric
241	DF	.~ With compression, combustion, and expansion in a single variable volume
242	DF	.~.~ Planetating rotor
243	DF	.~.~ Vane
244	DF	.~.~ Abutment
245	DF	.~.~ Alternately approaching and receding elements
246	DF	.~.~.~ Eccentric interengaging rotors
247	DF	.~ Only combustion and expansion of charge in engine
248	DF	.~.~ Abutment
249	DF	.~.~ Interengaging rotors
18 R	DF	OSCILLATING PISTON
18 A	DF	.~ Toroidal cylinder
19	DF	LIQUID PISTON
21	DF	CONVERTIBLE CYCLE
22	DF	INTERNAL COMBUSTION AND AIR
23	DF	SOLID FUEL
24 R	DF	GUNPOWDER
24 A	DF	.~ Single shot gun powder motors
25 R	DF	WATER AND HYDROCARBON
25 A	DF	.~ Water in charge
25 B	DF	.~ Water plus heat into charge
25 C	DF	.~ Water into cylinder
25 D	DF	.~ Water plus heat into charge
25 E	DF	.~ Water introduced by mixing with other materials
25 F	DF	.~ Water plus heat by mixing with other materials
25 G	DF	.~ Washers and cleaners
25 H	DF	.~ Washers and cleaners with heat
25 J	DF	.~ Automatic water control
25 K	DF	.~ Automatic water control; thermostatic
25 L	DF	.~ Automatic water control; suction
25 M	DF	.~ Automatic water control; speed
25 N	DF	.~ Automatic water control interconnected with throttle
25 P	DF	.~ Steam injection
25 Q	DF	.~ Cooling regulation
26	DF	ADDITIONAL AIR SUPPLY
250	DF	ENGINE MEANS HAVING INTERNAL VAPORIZING IN PRECHAMBER WITH ALL COMBUSTION IN MAIN CHAMBER
251	DF	.~ Whirling in prechamber
252	DF	.~ Vaporizing by a hot surface of prechamber
253	DF	PRECOMBUSTION AND MAIN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS IN SERIES
254	DF	.~ Chamber temperature control means
255	DF	.~ Vaporizing in precombustion chamber
256	DF	.~ Plural precombustion chambers
257	DF	.~ Two-cycle
258	DF	.~ Having timed valves to precombustion and main combustion chambers
259	DF	.~ Having volumetric relation between precombustion and main combustion chambers
260	DF	.~ With ignition means particularly positioned relative to precombustion and main combustion chambers
261	DF	.~ With injection means particularly positioned relative to precombustion and main combustion chambers
262	DF	.~ Having fluid whirling means
263	DF	.~.~ Whirling in precombustion chamber only
264	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber is carried by a valve
265	DF	.~ Precombustion and main chambers form an "I" head
266	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber assembly inserted in spark plug hole
267	DF	.~.~ Separate fuel or combustible mixture added to precombustion chamber
268	DF	.~ Valveless precombustion chamber
269	DF	.~ Piston shape complements precombustion chamber discharge
270	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber liner or coating
271	DF	.~.~ With liner mounting means
272	DF	.~.~ Including combustion catalyst liner or coating means
273	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber mounting means
274	DF	.~ Having combustible mixture forming means
275	DF	.~.~ By fuel injection into precombustion or main combustion chamber
276	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel injected into precombustion chamber formed in piston
277	DF	.~.~.~ By fuel injection into precombustion chamber with carbureted main chamber
278	DF	.~.~.~ By fuel injection into main chamber with carbureted precombustion chamber
279	DF	.~ Piston carried precombustion chamber
280	DF	.~ Atomizer, deflector, or shield in precombustion chamber
281	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber shape is a figure of revolution
282	DF	.~.~ Figure of revolution is multishaped to form a precombustion chamber
283	DF	.~.~ Cylindrical
284	DF	.~.~ Spherical
285	DF	.~ Precombustion chamber having a specific shape
286	DF	.~ Having specific connecting passage means between precombustion and main combustion chambers
287	DF	.~.~ With ignition means in connecting passage
288	DF	.~.~ Having fuel, a combustible mixture, or air added in the connecting passage
289	DF	.~.~ Fluid flow through passage controlled by working piston
290	DF	.~.~.~ With whirling
291	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple connecting passages
292	DF	.~.~ With valve means or variable orifice means in the passage
293	DF	.~.~ Having multiple passages
294	DF	COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS HAVING FUEL INJECTION ONLY
295	DF	.~ Combustible mixture stratification means
296	DF	.~ Injector is an integral part of engine valve
297	DF	.~ Combination igniting means and injector
298	DF	.~ Injection of fuel onto igniter, deflector, heater, or atomizer
299	DF	.~ Using multiple injectors or injections
300	DF	.~.~ Alternating multiple injectors (e.g., series injection)
301	DF	.~ Injected fuel spraying into whirling fluid
302	DF	.~ Air entering combustion chamber through plural inlets
303	DF	.~.~ Having inlet uncovered by working piston
304	DF	.~ Injecting diverse fuels or different states of same fuel
305	DF	.~ Having a particular relationship between injection and ignition characteristics (e.g., nozzle location, spray pattern, timing relative to igniter location, timing)
27 R	DF	BURNING BY HIGHLY COMPRESSED AIR
27 GE	DF	.~ Gas engines (diesel type) convertible from liquid to gas or operable with liquid and gas
27 A	DF	.~ Oil engine air preheated
*	DD	OIL ENGINES
*	DD	.~ Pump supply to air inlet
37	DF	MULTIPLE EXPLOSION
38	DF	ATMOSPHERIC
39	DF	NONCOMPRESSION
41 R	DF	REVERSIBLE
41 E	DF	.~ Electrical
41.01	DF	COOLING
41.02	DF	.~ Automatic coolant flow control
41.03	DF	.~.~ Float control
41.04	DF	.~.~ Shutters, air valves, dampers or adjustable cowls
41.05	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature and engine operation responsive
41.06	DF	.~.~.~ Servomotor-operated type
41.07	DF	.~.~.~ Interrelated shutter and throttle control
41.08	DF	.~.~ Valves for fluid coolant
41.09	DF	.~.~.~ Coolant source bypass
41.1	DF	.~.~.~.~ Radiator or condenser source
41.11	DF	.~.~ Air impeller
41.12	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature-responsive
41.13	DF	.~ Interrelated coolant flow and throttle control
41.14	DF	.~ System drained and/or heat-storing
41.15	DF	.~ Indicators and safety devices
41.16	DF	.~ Coolant sealed in cylinder valve or piston
41.17	DF	.~ Coolant released into cylinder or valve passages
41.18	DF	.~ Convertible
41.19	DF	.~ Refrigerating cycle
41.2	DF	.~ With vapor generation and/or condensing
41.21	DF	.~.~ Coolant circulation with condensing
41.22	DF	.~.~.~ Intake or carburetor connection
41.23	DF	.~.~.~ Entrained in secondary circuit
41.24	DF	.~.~.~ From top of jacket to bottom of radiator
41.25	DF	.~.~.~ Water bypasses condenser
41.26	DF	.~.~.~ Vapor only circulated
41.27	DF	.~.~.~ Overflow vent to condenser
41.28	DF	.~ Multiple cylinders with equalized cooling
41.29	DF	.~ Parallel flow
41.3	DF	.~ Mixed air and liquid
41.31	DF	.~ With cooling of additional parts or materials
41.32	DF	.~.~ With spark plug heat exchange
41.33	DF	.~.~ With lubricant heat exchange
41.34	DF	.~ Internal cooling of moving parts; e.g., hollow valves, pistons, and movable cylinder
41.35	DF	.~.~ Piston
41.36	DF	.~.~.~ Telescoping piston and stationary conduits
41.37	DF	.~.~.~ Hollow piston rod
41.38	DF	.~.~.~.~ Wrist pin type; e.g., nonrigidly connected
41.39	DF	.~.~.~ Side wall opening
41.4	DF	.~.~ Rotary valves
41.41	DF	.~.~ Poppet-type valves
41.42	DF	.~ Liquid coolants other than water and water treatment
41.43	DF	.~ Movably mounted tank or radiator
41.44	DF	.~ With liquid coolant circulating means
41.45	DF	.~.~ Jet pumps
41.46	DF	.~.~ Common drive for pump and fan
41.47	DF	.~.~ Engine shaft driven
41.48	DF	.~ Devices for cooling liquid by air flow
41.49	DF	.~.~ Fan type
41.5	DF	.~ Yielding or resilient walls
41.51	DF	.~ Plural radiators and/or tanks in series
41.52	DF	.~ Engine or cylinder-mounted heat dissipators
41.53	DF	.~.~ Hopper type
41.54	DF	.~ With vent
41.55	DF	.~ Combined
41.56	DF	.~ Air-cooled
41.57	DF	.~.~ With liquid cooling
41.58	DF	.~.~ Flow-regulating means
41.59	DF	.~.~.~ Adjustable discharge
41.6	DF	.~.~ Steam dividing vanes, baffles, conduits, or the like for multiple cylinders
41.61	DF	.~.~.~ Individual deflecting cylinder baffles
41.62	DF	.~.~.~ Air duct with discharge ports or conduits
41.63	DF	.~.~ With impelling means
41.64	DF	.~.~.~ Jet type
41.65	DF	.~.~.~ Fan type
41.66	DF	.~.~.~.~ Suction
41.67	DF	.~.~ Jacketed cylinder
41.68	DF	.~.~.~ Spiral passages
41.69	DF	.~.~ Finned cylinder and/or head
41.7	DF	.~.~ Engine encasing air duct; e.g., cowling
41.71	DF	.~ Plural materials
41.72	DF	.~ With jacketed head and/or cylinder
41.73	DF	.~.~ Jet or spray within jacket
41.74	DF	.~.~ Multiple cylinder
41.75	DF	.~.~ Reentrant head
41.76	DF	.~.~ With cooled valve seats or guides
41.77	DF	.~.~.~ Poppet-type valves
41.78	DF	.~.~.~ Cylinder side wall valves
41.79	DF	.~.~ With passages, baffles, etc.
41.8	DF	.~.~.~ Spiral passages
41.81	DF	.~.~ Cylinder jacket supported solely by cylinder
41.82 R	DF	.~.~ With head-cooling arrangements
41.82 A	DF	.~.~.~ Composite head
41.83	DF	.~.~ Cylinder detachable
41.84	DF	.~.~.~ Flanged cylinder or liner
41.85	DF	.~ Valve seats or guides
41.86	DF	CRANKCASE VENTILATION
42	DF	OSCILLATING CYLINDER
43 R	DF	ROTATING CYLINDER
44 R	DF	.~ Radial
44 A	DF	.~.~ Wheel
44 B	DF	.~.~ Combustion chamber is center of star
44 C	DF	.~.~ Two-cycle
44 D	DF	.~.~ Valve casing-cylinders have no valves but have ports which register with ports in casing
44 E	DF	.~.~ Cam transmission
43 A	DF	.~ Parallel to shaft
43 AA	DF	.~.~ Parallel to shaft cam track
43 B	DF	.~ Toroidal cylinders
43 C	DF	.~ Cam transmission
45 R	DF	ROTARY RECIPROCATING PISTON
45 A	DF	.~ Piston and crankshaft coaxial
46 R	DF	FREE PISTON
46 A	DF	.~ Two chambers; one piston
46 B	DF	.~ Phasing means between two or more units
46 SC	DF	.~ Single chamber; one piston
46 E	DF	.~ Electric generating means
46 H	DF	.~ Hammer
47 R	DF	VALVED PISTON
47 A	DF	.~ Charge passes from crankcase through valve in piston
47 AA	DF	.~ Lost motion connection actuates valve
47 AB	DF	.~ Inlet and exhaust valve in piston
48 R	DF	ADJUSTABLE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
48 A	DF	.~ Piston in head adjusted manually or mechanically
48 AA	DF	.~ Piston in head adjusted
48 B	DF	.~ Piston varied by means in crankshaft, connecting rod or piston
48 C	DF	.~ Cylinder or sleeve-moved
48 D	DF	.~ Auxiliary chamber
50 R	DF	RECIPROCATING CYLINDER
50 A	DF	.~ Four-cycle
50 B	DF	.~ Two-cycle
51 R	DF	MULTIPLE PISTON, COMMON NONRESTRICTIVE COMBUSTION CHAMBER
51 A	DF	.~ Four-cycle
51 AA	DF	.~.~ Four-cycle separate crankshaft for piston
51 AC	DF	.~.~ Two or more combustion chambers between the piston
51 B	DF	.~ Two-cycle
51 BA	DF	.~.~ Two-cycle separate crankshaft for piston
51 BB	DF	.~.~ Piston offset from crankshaft
51 BC	DF	.~.~ Plural combustion chamber and plural piston
51 BD	DF	.~.~ Inlet or exhaust ports in two or more planes
52.1	DF	MULTIPLE CYLINDER
52.2	DF	.~ Simultaneous compression, distinct pistons, restricted communication to a single combustion chamber
52.3	DF	.~.~ Four-stroke cycle
52.4	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple crankshafts
52.5	DF	.~.~ Two-stroke cycle
52.6	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple crankshafts
53.1	DF	.~ Cylinder offset from crankshaft axis
53.2	DF	.~.~ Multiple crankshafts
53.3	DF	.~.~ Cylinders opposite
53.4	DF	.~.~.~ Two-stroke cycle
53.5	DF	.~.~ Crankshaft between parallel cylinders
53.6	DF	.~ Cylinders having opposing heads
54.1	DF	.~ Cylinders radiating
54.2	DF	.~.~ Star
54.3	DF	.~.~.~ Cam on rotary output shaft
54.4	DF	.~.~ "V" type
54.5	DF	.~.~.~ Odd number of cylinders
54.6	DF	.~.~.~ Six cylinder
54.7	DF	.~.~.~.~ Eight cylinder
54.8	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ More than eight cylinder
55.1	DF	.~.~ Semi-radial
55.2	DF	.~.~ Cylinders opposite
55.3	DF	.~.~.~ Cam on rotary output shaft
55.4	DF	.~.~.~ Four-stroke cycle
55.5	DF	.~.~.~.~ Cylinders opposite and aligned
55.6	DF	.~.~.~ Two-stroke cycle
55.7	DF	.~.~.~.~ Cylinders opposite and aligned
56.1	DF	.~ Having rotary output shaft parallel to cylinders
56.2	DF	.~.~ Cam on rotary output shaft
56.3	DF	.~.~.~ Swash plate type
56.4	DF	.~.~.~.~ Single bank of cylinders
56.5	DF	.~.~.~.~ Motion converting means between two banks of cylinders
56.6	DF	.~.~.~.~ Multiple swash plate drive
56.7	DF	.~.~.~ Single bank of cylinders
56.8	DF	.~.~.~ Motion converting means between two banks of cylinders
56.9	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple cam drives
57.1	DF	.~.~ Shaft rotates through piston
58.1	DF	.~ Cylinders in-line
58.2	DF	.~.~ Locked pistons
58.3	DF	.~.~.~ Two-stroke cycle
58.4	DF	.~.~ Lengthwise charging
58.5	DF	.~.~.~ Step piston
58.6	DF	.~.~ Step piston
58.7	DF	.~.~ Cylinder supercharged by pressure pulse of released exhaust gases
58.8	DF	.~.~ Exhaust to next cylinder ready to fire
58.9	DF	.~.~ Oscillating or reciprocating, nonpoppet valve
59.1	DF	.~.~ Rotary valve
59.2	DF	.~.~.~ Tapered
59.3	DF	.~.~.~ Sleeve valve
59.4	DF	.~.~.~ Disc valve
59.5	DF	.~.~ Plural carburetors
59.6	DF	.~.~ Multiple crankshafts
59.7	DF	.~.~ Two-stroke cycle
60.1	DF	.~ Locked annular piston
*	DD	DOUBLE-ACTING
61 R	DF	.~ Two-cycle
62	DF	.~.~ Combined pump and motor cylinder
61 V	DF	.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from cylinder head to piston
63	DF	.~ Four-cycle
64	DF	SIX-CYCLE
65 R	DF	TWO-CYCLE
66	DF	.~ Combined pump and motor cylinder
67	DF	.~ Divided pump discharge
68	DF	.~ Pump compression
69 R	DF	.~ Separate air and gas pumps
69 V	DF	.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder by gas from cylinder head to piston
70 R	DF	.~ Pump and cylinder adjacent
70 V	DF	.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of power cylinder
71 R	DF	.~ Pump and cylinder coaxial
71 V	DF	.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of cylinder from head to piston
71 VA	DF	.~.~ Sleeve valve
72	DF	.~ Pump and cylinder inclined
*	DD	.~ Rear compression
73 R	DF	.~.~ Crankcase
73 A	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel to crankcase
73 AA	DF	.~.~.~ Ported piston
73 AV	DF	.~.~.~.~ Valved
73 AB	DF	.~.~.~ Inlet valve in head
73 AC	DF	.~.~.~ Varies compression space
73 AD	DF	.~.~.~ Lubricant oil and fuel mixing devices
73 AE	DF	.~.~.~ Auxiliary piston moves synchronously with piston to enlarge volume of crankcase or incoming charge
73 AF	DF	.~.~.~ Crankcase compression with auxiliary pump means
73 B	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel to bypass
73 BA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head
73 C	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel to cylinder
73 CA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging of cylinders from head
73 CB	DF	.~.~.~.~ With liquid pump to separate inlet
73 CC	DF	.~.~.~.~ With gas or vapor pump to separate
73 D	DF	.~.~.~ Disc valves
73 DA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Charge to crankcase through crankshaft
73 E	DF	.~.~.~ Reentrant cylinder head
73 F	DF	.~.~.~ Stepped piston
73 FA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Ported
73 S	DF	.~.~.~ Supercharging of crankcase
73 V	DF	.~.~.~ Valves for crankcase
73 SC	DF	.~.~.~ Returns charge to crankcase or rejects to exhaust
73 PP	DF	.~.~.~ Distinct passages from crankcase to cylinder
73 SP	DF	.~.~.~ Slow-speed operation
74 R	DF	.~.~ Cylinder
74 A	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel to rear of piston
74 AA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Lengthwise scavenging from head
74 AP	DF	.~.~.~ Reduced portion of piston acts as guide
74 AC	DF	.~.~.~ Cross head between piston and crank
74 AE	DF	.~.~.~ Enclosed crankcase
74 B	DF	.~.~.~ Lengthwise bypass
74 C	DF	.~.~.~ Lengthwise cylinder combustion space
74 D	DF	.~.~.~ Slide valve between chamber of pump and crankcase
65 PE	DF	.~ Exhaust ports
65 A	DF	.~ Inlet and exhaust ports in two or more planes
65 B	DF	.~ Pumps
65 BA	DF	.~ Blowers
65 PD	DF	.~ Port deflectors
65 E	DF	.~ Scavenging by inertia of exhaust gas and charging by use of pressure waves
65 S	DF	.~ Step piston (see sub. 59 BS)
65 V	DF	.~ Valves
65 VA	DF	.~.~ Sleeve valve
65 VS	DF	.~.~ Sleeve driven by auxiliary crankshafts
65 VB	DF	.~ Lengthwise scavenging list above
65 VC	DF	.~ Lengthwise scavenging exhaust above
65 VD	DF	.~ Intake and exhaust valve in top of cylinder
65 W	DF	.~ Whirl through piston-controlled ports
65 WA	DF	.~.~ Whirl in top of cylinders and lengthwise scavenging
65 WV	DF	.~ Vacuum intake
65 SP	DF	.~ Single port for inlet and exhaust
65 EM	DF	.~ Exhaust manifolds
65 P	DF	.~ Ports
306	DF	MEANS TO WHIRL FLUID BEFORE, UPON, OR AFTER ENTRY INTO COMBUSTION CHAMBER
307	DF	.~ Structural projection on working piston causes whirling
308	DF	.~ Having multiple oxidant inlet means
309	DF	.~ Specific spark plug location
310	DF	COMBUSTION CHAMBER HAVING MULTIPLE SPARK GAPS
311	DF	FOUR-CYCLE
312	DF	.~ Engine cylinder having a reciprocating sleeve valve
313	DF	.~.~ Having a junk ring seal
314	DF	.~.~ Having sleeve valve lubrication means
315	DF	.~ Multiple exhaust
316	DF	.~ Having subcharger associated with the cylinder
317	DF	.~ Crankcase compression of air or combustible mixture to be subsequently pumped into the working cylinder
318	DF	.~ Rear compression of air or combustible mixture to be subsequently pumped into the working cylinder
76	DF	.~ Scavenging
77	DF	.~ Single revolution
78 R	DF	.~ Variable clearance
78 A	DF	.~.~ Piston in head adjusted mechanically
78 AA	DF	.~.~.~ Piston in head adjusted by fluid means
78 B	DF	.~.~ Varying means is in the piston
78 BA	DF	.~.~.~ Varying means is in the piston connection
78 C	DF	.~.~ Cylinder or sleeve moved
78 D	DF	.~.~ Auxiliary chamber
78 E	DF	.~.~ Varying means is in the connecting rod
78 F	DF	.~.~ Varying means is in the crankshaft
79 R	DF	.~ Single poppet valve
79 A	DF	.~.~ Rotary valve and poppet which extends through rotary valve
79 C	DF	.~.~ Concentric valves; relatively movable
80 R	DF	.~ Rotating valve
80 BA	DF	.~.~ Rotary valve is perpendicular to cylinder
80 BB	DF	.~.~ Rotary valve is parallel to cylinder
80 C	DF	.~.~ Sleeve valve
80 D	DF	.~.~ Disc valve
80 DA	DF	.~.~ Rotary plug
81 R	DF	.~ Oscillating valve
81 B	DF	.~.~ Oscillating valve - not sleeve or disc
81 C	DF	.~.~ Sleeve valve
81 D	DF	.~.~ Disc valve
82	DF	.~ Rotating side shaft
83	DF	.~ Rotating transverse shaft
84	DF	.~ Adjacent supply and exhaust valves
85	DF	.~ Aligned supply and exhaust valves
86	DF	.~ Opposite supply and exhaust valves
87	DF	.~ Longitudinal valve and lever
88	DF	.~ Transverse valve and lever
89	DF	.~ Transverse valve and bell crank
319	DF	ENGINE SPEED REGULATOR
320	DF	.~ Responsive to deceleration mode (e.g., engine acting as a brake)
321	DF	.~.~ Valve timing altering means (e.g., axially sliding cam shaft)
322	DF	.~.~.~ Electrical means adapted to alter valve timing
323	DF	.~.~ Exhaust throttling or blocking
324	DF	.~.~ Part of the air or combustible mixture to the engine cylinder omitted
325	DF	.~.~ Deceleration responsive cutoff of fuel to engine (e.g., pollution control)
326	DF	.~.~.~ Rich resupply of fuel at end of deceleration
327	DF	.~.~ Auxiliary air fed to the engine
328	DF	.~.~ Idle jet bypassed by a slight opening of the throttle
329	DF	.~.~ Having means to retard spark (e.g., ignition timing)
330	DF	.~ Engine speed reduction by overriching the combustible mixture (e.g., choking engine)
331	DF	.~.~ By electric means
332	DF	.~ Engine speed reduction by fuel cutoff
333	DF	.~.~ By electric means
334	DF	.~ Engine speed reduction by partial or complete omission of the ignition
335	DF	.~.~ By electric means
336	DF	.~ Having plural throttle valve structure
337	DF	.~ Specific throttle valve structure
338	DF	.~ Fuel injection pump bypass control
339.1	DF	.~ Idle speed control
339.11	DF	.~.~ By regulating spark ignition timing
339.12	DF	.~.~ And air-fuel ratio feedback controlled
339.13	DF	.~.~ Manual adjustment
339.14	DF	.~.~ Electrically operated control means
339.15	DF	.~.~.~ With fail-safe, backup, or malfunction detecting means
339.16	DF	.~.~.~ External load condition responsive
339.17	DF	.~.~.~.~ Air conditioner operating mode responsive (i.e., compressor on-off)
339.18	DF	.~.~.~.~ Accessory load (e.g., lights, heater blower motor, radiator fan motor, generator) on engine electrical system responsive
339.19	DF	.~.~.~ By engine speed error feedback
339.2	DF	.~.~.~.~ Dynamic state variable model
339.21	DF	.~.~.~.~ And integral or derivative control
339.22	DF	.~.~.~.~ And temperature responsive
339.23	DF	.~.~.~.~ Controlling throttle bypass
339.24	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature responsive
339.25	DF	.~.~.~ Including rotary actuator
339.26	DF	.~.~.~.~ Stepping motor type
339.27	DF	.~.~.~ Including linear reciprocating solenoid control device
339.28	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having valve controlled vacuum actuator
339.29	DF	.~.~ By overriding injection pump governor
342	DF	.~ Regulator changes length of accelerator linkage
343	DF	.~ Regulator accessory (e.g., cleaner, adjusting tool, etc.)
344	DF	.~ Charge proportion varying (e.g., the fuel-air ratio is varied)
345	DF	.~ By changing valve lift
346	DF	.~.~ Intake valve lift altered
347	DF	.~ By changing valve timing
348	DF	.~.~ Intake valve timing altered
349	DF	.~ Having condition responsive means with engine being part of a closed feedback system (e.g., cruise control)
350	DF	.~.~ Electrical sensing or regulating
351	DF	.~.~.~ Engine overspeed sensing with an indicator or alarm and speed regulation
352	DF	.~.~.~ Engine speed sensing having an error signal producing circuit
353	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having variable duty cycle multivibrator (e.g., length of "time on" in each cycle)
354	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having variable frequency multivibrator (e.g., number of "time ons" per unit of time)
355	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having phase difference detector
356	DF	.~.~.~.~ Circuit resonates (e.g., tuned) at governed speed
357	DF	.~.~.~.~ Electric fuel injection pump governor
358	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Max-min governor (i.e., no control in between)
359	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Fail-safe feature (e.g., cuts off fuel pump)
360	DF	.~.~.~.~ Circuit controls a fluid throttle operator (e.g., vacuum)
361	DF	.~.~.~.~ Circuit controls an electric throttle operator
362	DF	.~.~.~ Cold engine control
363	DF	.~.~ Mechanical sensor or regulator
364	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel injection pump governor (e.g., diesel)
365	DF	.~.~.~.~ Governor override
366	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Engine starting or warm-up control
367	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Variable throttle or control rod stop
369	DF	.~.~.~.~ Three-dimensional cam control
370	DF	.~.~.~.~ Acceleration responsive
371	DF	.~.~.~.~ Deceleration responsive
372	DF	.~.~.~.~ Biased axial link (e.g., sliding rod with spring return)
373	DF	.~.~.~.~ Pivoted link connected to pump rack
374	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Movable fulcrum (e.g., slot and pin)
375	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel injection pressure governor
376	DF	.~.~.~ Throttle positioning
377	DF	.~.~.~.~ Safety override of dangerous manual position
378	DF	.~.~ Fluidic sensor or regulator
379	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel injection pump governor
380	DF	.~.~.~.~ Barometric sensor
381	DF	.~.~.~.~ Fuel viscosity sensor (e.g., temperature sensing)
382	DF	.~.~.~.~ Manifold pressure sensor
383	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Supercharger
384	DF	.~.~.~.~ Floating piston-type governor (e.g., Bessiere)
385	DF	.~.~.~.~ Liquid fluid governor
386	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Lubrication pressure sensor
387	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Fuel pressure sensor
388	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Override for basic mechanical governor
389	DF	.~.~.~ Intake manifold vacuum responsive
390	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel injection pressure governor
391	DF	.~.~.~ Responsive to intake airflow
392	DF	.~.~.~ Responsive to cooling fan airflow
393	DF	.~.~.~ Responsive to exhaust gas
394	DF	.~.~ By combustion air or air-fuel mixture cutoff
395	DF	.~ Open loop condition responsive
396	DF	.~.~ Resistance or override acts on input connection to regulator
397	DF	.~.~.~ Shutdown safety device
398	DF	.~.~.~ Throttle position lock
399	DF	.~.~ Having an electrical device between input and speed regulator
400	DF	.~.~ Mechanical connection between input and speed regulator
401	DF	.~.~ Fluidic device between input and regulator
402	DF	.~ Charge volume varying (e.g., total amount of mixture fed to engine is varied; relative amounts of air and fuel are fixed)
403	DF	.~.~ Throttling (e.g., volume varying using throttle valve)
404	DF	.~.~ Suction operated supply valve lift regulating
405	DF	.~.~ By engine operated valve
406.11	DF	SPARK IGNITION TIMING CONTROL
406.12	DF	.~ Electronic control
406.13	DF	.~.~ With fail-safe, backup or malfunction detecting means
406.14	DF	.~.~.~ Including spark failure responsive means (e.g., misfire)
406.15	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel sensor malfunction responsive
406.16	DF	.~.~.~ Knock control malfunction responsive
406.17	DF	.~.~.~ Cylinder pressure sensor malfunction responsive
406.18	DF	.~.~.~ Engine shaft rotational position sensor malfunction responsive (e.g., crank shaft, cam shaft)
406.19	DF	.~.~ Closed loop feedback control of spark timing
406.2	DF	.~.~.~ Separate control for each cylinder
406.21	DF	.~.~.~.~ Knock responsive
406.22	DF	.~.~.~.~ Cylinder pressure responsive
406.23	DF	.~.~.~ Engine output (e.g., torque, speed, horsepower) or fuel consumption optimization
406.24	DF	.~.~.~ Including means responsive to the instantaneous change in engine speed (e.g., roughness, unstable combustion, etc.)
406.25	DF	.~.~.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
406.26	DF	.~.~.~ Combustion condition responsive
406.27	DF	.~.~.~.~ Combustion failure responsive (e.g., misfire)
406.28	DF	.~.~.~.~ Combustion condition sensed by optical sensor
406.29	DF	.~.~.~.~ Engine knock responsive
406.3	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Fuel quality or composition signal responsive
406.31	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Alcohol concentration responsive
406.32	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having a plurality of speed/load maps related to fuel quality or composition
406.33	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ With modifying or updating memory (i.e., learning)
406.34	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Modification of knock signal by engine operating condition signal
406.35	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Engine operating condition is load or speed
406.36	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
406.37	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Having specific knock detecting means
406.38	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Knock frequency distribution pattern responsive
406.39	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Knock signal counting
406.4	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ And specific system component mounting or location details
406.41	DF	.~.~.~.~ Engine cylinder pressure responsive
406.42	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Peak pressure responsive
406.43	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Responsive to derivative, integral or average of pressure
406.44	DF	.~.~.~ Exhaust gas condition responsive control of spark timing
406.45	DF	.~.~ Including control of combustible mixture or a constituent thereof (e.g., air, fuel, exhaust gas)
406.46	DF	.~.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
406.47	DF	.~.~.~ With fuel injection control
406.48	DF	.~.~.~ With exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control
406.49	DF	.~.~ Barometric pressure responsive
406.5	DF	.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
406.51	DF	.~.~.~ Acceleration responsive
406.52	DF	.~.~ Throttle position responsive
406.53	DF	.~.~ Starting condition responsive
406.54	DF	.~.~.~ Start detected by engine speed
406.55	DF	.~.~ Temperature responsive (e.g., ambient, engine, etc.)
406.56	DF	.~.~ With magneto
406.57	DF	.~.~.~ And capacitor discharge for ignition spark energy
406.58	DF	.~.~ Having engine shaft rotational position signal generator (e.g., crank shaft, cam shaft)
406.59	DF	.~.~.~ Speed responsive timing control
406.6	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having counter or addressable memory (e.g., digital timing circuit)
406.61	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Plural engine shaft position sensors
406.62	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Position sensors at separate shafts
406.63	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ Position sensors having different pulse rates
406.64	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Memory addressed by engine speed or load
406.65	DF	.~.~.~.~.~.~ With microprocessor
406.66	DF	.~.~.~.~ With resistor/capacitor (RC) timing circuit (e.g., multivibrator)
406.67	DF	.~ Vacuum timing control
406.68	DF	.~.~ Barometric pressure responsive
406.69	DF	.~.~ Condition responsive valve in fluid path from vacuum source
406.7	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature responsive
406.71	DF	.~.~ Fluid delay between vacuum source and actuator (e.g., fixed restriction)
406.72	DF	.~.~ Increasing vacuum retards spark timing
406.73	DF	.~.~ Plural diaphragms or actuators
406.74	DF	.~ Mechanical or hydraulic link to throttle valve or accelerator
406.75	DF	.~ Centrifugal timing mechanism
406.76	DF	.~ Spark delay actuated or deactuated by starting device
429	DF	COMBUSTION CHAMBER MEANS COMBINED WITH AIR-FUEL MIXTURE FORMING MEANS
430	DF	.~ Stratification in combustion chamber
431	DF	.~ Having a single combustible mixture inlet combined with means for injecting additional fuel into the combustion chamber
432	DF	.~ Air or combustible mixture entering the combustion chamber through plural inlets
433	DF	.~.~ One inlet is uncovered by piston travel
434	DF	CHARGE FORMING DEVICE (E.G., POLLUTION CONTROL)
435	DF	.~ Including cylinder pressure or temperature responsive means
436	DF	.~ Including means responsive to instantaneous change in engine speed
672	DF	.~ Including exhaust gas condition responsive means
673	DF	.~.~ With sensor controlling each cylinder individually
674	DF	.~.~ With modifying or updating memory (i.e., learning)
675	DF	.~.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
676	DF	.~.~ Exhaust gas temperature or pressure repsonsive
677	DF	.~.~ Combined with ambient condition responsive means (e.g., pressure)
678	DF	.~.~.~ Ambient temperature responsive
679	DF	.~.~ Combined with engine condition responsive means
680	DF	.~.~.~ Idling responsive
681	DF	.~.~.~ Engine load responsive
682	DF	.~.~.~.~ Acceleration or deceleration responsive
683	DF	.~.~.~.~ Throttle position responsive
684	DF	.~.~.~.~ Pressure downstream of throttle valve responsive
685	DF	.~.~.~ Starting or warmup responsive
686	DF	.~.~.~.~ Engine coolant temperature responsive
687	DF	.~.~.~ Speed responsive
688	DF	.~.~.~ Inoperative sensor responsive
689	DF	.~.~.~ Engine fluid or engine component temperature responsive
690	DF	.~.~ With fail-safe, backup, or malfunction means
691	DF	.~.~ Multiple sensors controlling group of cylinders
692	DF	.~.~.~ Controlling plural groups of cylinders
693	DF	.~.~ With compensator for sensor output (e.g., current or voltage)
694	DF	.~.~.~ Output fed to compensating circuit
695	DF	.~.~.~.~ Variable reference value
696	DF	.~.~.~.~ Proportional or integral circuit
697	DF	.~.~.~ Heater for sensor or sensor environment
698	DF	.~.~ With addition of secondary fluid (e.g., fuel or exhaust gas)
699	DF	.~.~.~ Secondary fluid is auxiliary air or oxygen (e.g., carburetor air bleed)
700	DF	.~.~.~.~ Fed to air/fuel mixture
701	DF	.~.~ With auxiliary control of carburetor
702	DF	.~.~.~ Variable venturi carburetor
703	DF	.~.~ Exhaust gas composition sensor
704	DF	.~ Air/fuel ratio prior to combustion responsive means
437	DF	.~ Auxiliary control of carburetor fuel metering
438	DF	.~.~ By electrical or electronic control system
439	DF	.~.~.~ Variable venturi carburetor
441	DF	.~.~ By mechanical speed sensor
442	DF	.~ Injection or carburetion system having a series of throttle valves
443	DF	.~ Alternate or simultaneous lean-rich
444	DF	.~ Having fluidic logic control means
445	DF	.~ Fuel injection system
446	DF	.~.~ Fuel pump flow regulation
447	DF	.~.~.~ With accumulator
448	DF	.~.~.~ Sequential distributor
449	DF	.~.~.~.~ Rotary and reciprocating distributor
450	DF	.~.~.~.~ Rotary distributor
451	DF	.~.~.~.~ Reciprocating distributor
452	DF	.~.~.~ Nonsequential distributor
453	DF	.~.~.~.~ Enrichment of the combustible mixture for cold starting or cold running
454	DF	.~.~.~.~ Equal pressure valve type
455	DF	.~.~.~.~ Distributor and metering unit are in common housing
456	DF	.~.~.~.~ Common rail system
457	DF	.~.~.~ Regulating means adjusts fuel pressure
458	DF	.~.~.~.~ Electric regulator
459	DF	.~.~.~.~ Bleed off valve
460	DF	.~.~.~.~ Series regulator
461	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having vapor returned to tank or pump inlet
462	DF	.~.~.~.~ By throttle control
463	DF	.~.~.~.~ Manifold pressure responsive
464	DF	.~.~.~.~ Temperature responsive
465	DF	.~.~.~.~ Barometric responsive
466	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having an antitampering device
467	DF	.~.~ Drip prevention means at injector nozzle
468	DF	.~.~ Having a specific shape, material, or location of fuel line
469	DF	.~.~.~ Specific fuel line mounting means
470	DF	.~.~ Injection nozzle mounting means
471	DF	.~.~.~ Nozzle isolated from manifold vacuum effect
472	DF	.~.~ Electrically actuated injector
473	DF	.~.~.~ Mechanically actuated switching
474	DF	.~.~.~.~ Ignition distributor used as switch
475	DF	.~.~.~ Actuated by ignition pulse
476	DF	.~.~.~ Magnetically actuated switching
477	DF	.~.~.~ Radiation actuated switching
478	DF	.~.~.~ Actuator circuit (e.g., engine condition responsive electronic circuit actuates injector valve)
479	DF	.~.~.~.~ Backup systems, fail-safe, failure indicator
480	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having microprocessor
481	DF	.~.~.~.~ Engine cylinder cutout
482	DF	.~.~.~.~ Circuit activates valve for continuous fuel flow
483	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having plural multivibrators
484	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having single multivibrator
485	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having ramp generator
486	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having a digital memory addressed by an engine parameter
487	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having an up or up-down counter in circuit
488	DF	.~.~.~.~ Subcircuit operates on a parameter sensor output before input to main fuel control (e.g., function generator)
490	DF	.~.~.~.~ Injector solenoid drive
491	DF	.~.~.~.~ Starting condition responsive
492	DF	.~.~.~.~ Acceleration or full load condition responsive
493	DF	.~.~.~.~ Deceleration condition responsive
494	DF	.~.~.~.~ Having specific transducer
495	DF	.~ With fuel pump
496	DF	.~.~ Variable rate of injection stroke
497	DF	.~.~ Electric fuel pump
498	DF	.~.~.~ Piezoelectric drive
499	DF	.~.~.~ Solenoid drive
500	DF	.~.~ Variable beginning and ending of pumping stroke
501	DF	.~.~ Variable beginning of pumping stroke
502	DF	.~.~.~ Fluid pressure control
503	DF	.~.~ Variable ending of pumping stroke
504	DF	.~.~ Variable stroke
505	DF	.~.~ Fuel pump and intake air controls interconnected
506	DF	.~.~ Having pressure relief valve
507	DF	.~.~ Pumping member driven by a piston or valve of the internal combustion engine
508	DF	.~.~ Pumping member driven by the internal combustion engine valve operating mechanism
509	DF	.~.~ Specific location or mounting of pump
510	DF	.~ Fuel flow regulation between the pump and the charge-forming device
511	DF	.~.~ Regulator means adjusts fuel pressure
512	DF	.~.~.~ Engine parameter responsive
513	DF	.~.~.~ Environmental condition responsive
514	DF	.~.~ Excess fuel returned to tank
515	DF	.~.~ Regulator controls flow of a plurality of fuels
516	DF	.~.~ Air or fuel vapor purging system
517	DF	.~.~ Carburetor float bowl drain
518	DF	.~ Having fuel vapor recovery and storage system
519	DF	.~.~ Having an adsorbent canister
520	DF	.~.~.~ Purge valve controlled by engine parameter
521	DF	.~.~.~.~ Responsive to secondary air pressure
522	DF	.~ Liquid fuel evaporating by submerged air supply
523	DF	.~ Liquid fuel evaporating by extended fuel film
524	DF	.~.~ Screen or mat
525	DF	.~ Combined liquid and gaseous fuel
526	DF	.~.~ Diesel engine convertible from liquid to gas
527	DF	.~ Gaseous fuel and air mixer
528	DF	.~.~ Supercharged engine
529	DF	.~.~ Safety device (e.g., cutoff)
530	DF	.~ Constant flow fuel supply
531	DF	.~ Auxiliary air or gas used to inject fuel
532	DF	.~.~ Air is bled from the cylinder on the compression stroke in that cylinder
533	DF	.~.~ Having a separate pump for the air or gas
534	DF	.~.~ Air is bled from another engine cylinder
535	DF	.~.~ Constant fuel level
536	DF	.~ Combustible mixture ionization, ozonation, or electrolysis
537	DF	.~.~ Before intake valve (e.g., in manifold)
538	DF	.~.~ Fuel only
539	DF	.~.~ Air only
540	DF	.~ Cooling of combustible mixture
541	DF	.~.~ Fuel only
542	DF	.~.~ Air only
543	DF	.~ Heating of combustible mixture
544	DF	.~.~ Lighter fuel is used during starting
545	DF	.~.~ Heating meduim surrounds combustible mixture
546	DF	.~.~ Combustible mixture surrounds heating medium
547	DF	.~.~ Combustible mixture and heating meduim adjoin one another
548	DF	.~.~ Trap for liquid particle vaporization
549	DF	.~.~ Electric heater
550	DF	.~.~ Combustion heater
551	DF	.~.~.~ Part of combustible mixture is burned
552	DF	.~.~ Automatic control
553	DF	.~.~ Intermediate fluid used for heating
554	DF	.~.~ Combustible mixture, air, and fuel are heated separately
555	DF	.~.~ Air and fuel heated separately
556	DF	.~.~ Air only
557	DF	.~.~ Fuel only
558	DF	.~.~.~ Fuel is heated to ignition temperature
559.1	DF	.~ Supercharger
559.2	DF	.~.~ Pressure exchange with exhaust gas
559.3	DF	.~.~ With clutch
560	DF	.~.~ Two-cycle compressor feeds a four-cycle engine
561	DF	.~.~ Variable ratio compressor driven supercharger
562	DF	.~.~ Multiple superchargers
563	DF	.~.~ Intercooler
564	DF	.~.~ Boost control
565	DF	.~.~ Supercharger is driven independently of the engine
566	DF	.~.~ Funnel-type supercharger (e.g., ram-air)
567	DF	.~ Oxidant is solely oxygen
568.11	DF	.~ Exhaust gas used with the combustible mixture (e.g., emission control Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) valve)
568.12	DF	.~.~ Exhaust gas cooled during recirculation
568.13	DF	.~.~ Having recirculation path formed entirely in the cylinder block or head
568.14	DF	.~.~ Internal exhaust gas recirculation (e.g., exhaust gas retained in the combustion chamber)
568.15	DF	.~.~ Having exhaust gas mixed with a constituent before entry into intake manifold
568.16	DF	.~.~ With electrical means for fail-safe, backup, or malfunction detecting of EGR system
568.17	DF	.~.~ Having specific exhaust gas outlet structure at intake manifold
568.18	DF	.~.~.~ Having a valve located at the outlet of the EGR passage
568.19	DF	.~.~ EGR valve position controlled only in relationship to intake throttle valve position
568.2	DF	.~.~ Plural EGR valves in the recirculation passage
568.21	DF	.~.~ Having electrically actuated control means
568.22	DF	.~.~.~ Ambient condition responsive (e.g., atmospheric temperature, atmospheric pressure)
568.23	DF	.~.~.~ Having rotary actuator control of EGR valve
568.24	DF	.~.~.~.~ Electrical rotary actuator rotates the EGR valve
568.25	DF	.~.~.~.~ Vacuum actuator control of EGR valve
568.26	DF	.~.~.~ Having electromechanical actuator control of EGR valve
568.27	DF	.~.~.~.~ Controlling vacuum actuator
568.28	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Including auxiliary vacuum pump
568.29	DF	.~.~ Vacuum actuator control of EGR valve
568.3	DF	.~.~.~ Including auxiliary vacuum pump
568.31	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature responsive
568.32	DF	.~.~.~ Having fixed restriction in vacuum line
572	DF	.~ Crankcase vapor used with combustible mixture
573	DF	.~.~ Vapor treated before mixing with combustible mixture (e.g., cooling)
574	DF	.~.~ Specific control valve (e.g., PCV valve)
575	DF	.~ Diverse fuel supply
576	DF	.~.~ Fuel switched in response to engine starting condition
577	DF	.~.~ Fuel switched, condition responsive to load
578	DF	.~.~ Fuel switched in response to engine temperature
579	DF	.~ Multiple carburetors
580	DF	.~.~ Each carburetor feeds a cylinder or group of cylinders (e.g., split engine)
581	DF	.~.~ Separate carburetor for starting
582	DF	.~.~ Separate carburetor for high load
583	DF	.~.~ With linkage between carburetor throttle valves
584	DF	.~.~.~ Staged opening of carburetor throttle valves
585	DF	.~ Auxiliary air or oxygen added to combustible mixture
586	DF	.~.~ Oxidant controlled by throttle
587	DF	.~.~ Oxidant controlled by intake manifold vacuum
588	DF	.~.~ Oxidant controlled by engine temperature
590	DF	.~ Charge-mixing device in intake (e.g., device which insures the atomization of the combustible mixture)
591	DF	.~.~ Having liquid fuel collector
592	DF	.~.~ By fan means
593	DF	.~.~ By screen means
594	DF	HIGH TENSION IGNITION SYSTEM
595	DF	.~ Retrofit conversion ignition unit
596	DF	.~ Using capacitive storage and discharge for spark energy
597	DF	.~.~ Regulating sensed ignition capacitor voltage
598	DF	.~.~ Having an oscillator
599	DF	.~.~ Having a magneto
600	DF	.~.~.~ Triggering voltage obtained from capacitor charging winding
601	DF	.~.~.~ Specific design of charge or trigger winding core
603	DF	.~.~.~ Antireverse protection
604	DF	.~.~ Inductive capacitive discharge system
605	DF	.~.~ Having a specific capacitor, ignition coil means, or switching element circuit path
606	DF	.~ High frequency ignition system
607	DF	.~.~ Free running oscillator supplies coil primary
608	DF	.~.~ Having a specific spark plug
609	DF	.~ Having dwell control
610	DF	.~.~ Using a monostable multivibrator
611	DF	.~.~ Dwell maintained at constant value
612	DF	.~ Having engine component position sensor
613	DF	.~.~ Optical sensing
614	DF	.~.~ Including a zero crossing detector
615	DF	.~.~ Includng an oscillator
616	DF	.~.~ Piezoelectric sensor
617	DF	.~.~ Inductive or magnetic sensor
618	DF	.~ Having specific trigger circuitry
619	DF	.~.~ Oscillatory trigger circuit
620	DF	.~ Additional spark energy supply
621	DF	.~ Having an ignition coil with multiple primary or secondary windings
622	DF	.~.~ Separate circuit for each winding
623	DF	.~ Having supply voltage regulation
624	DF	.~ Having ballast resistor cutout or control
625	DF	.~ Responsive to engine or environmental condition
626	DF	.~.~ Oscillator or trigger circuit responsive to engine condition
627	DF	.~ Having auxiliary spark gap in series or parallel with the coil
628	DF	.~ Having a continuous high voltage output to the high voltage distributor
629	DF	.~ Monostable multivibrator controls timing of coil primary current
630	DF	.~ Safety device
631	DF	.~.~ Reverse engine rotation protection
632	DF	.~.~ Ignition switch opened when engine stops
633	DF	.~ Radio interference protection
634	DF	.~ Having a specific ignition coil
635	DF	.~ Specific coil location
636	DF	.~ Multiple spark ignition system
637	DF	.~.~ System fires single spark plug per cylinder
638	DF	.~.~ System fires multiple spark plugs per cylinder
639	DF	.~.~ System using vibrator for multiple sparks upon starting
640	DF	.~ Dual systems
641	DF	.~.~ One for starting
642	DF	.~ Piezoelectric voltage generator
643	DF	.~ Electronic cylinder sequencing
644	DF	.~ Current or voltage sensing in coil primary
645	DF	.~ Maverick spark suppressor
646	DF	.~.~ Point bounce or arc suppression system
647	DF	.~ Having a specific mounting of system component
648	DF	.~ Having SCR triggered by lowering cathode voltage below ground
649	DF	.~ Multiple primary current interrupters
650	DF	.~ Power supply, ignition coil primary, and interrupter element all in series
651	DF	.~.~ Interrupter is multiple transistor circuit
652	DF	.~.~ Interrupter is single transistor
653	DF	.~.~ Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in series with coil primary or secondary
654	DF	.~.~ Additional capacitor other than breaker point capacitor is in parallel with coil primary or secondary
655	DF	.~.~ Diode is in series with coil primary or secondary
656	DF	.~.~ Diode is in parallel with coil primary or secondary
90.1	DF	POPPET VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM
90.11	DF	.~ Electrical system
90.12	DF	.~ Hydraulic system
90.13	DF	.~.~ With manifold and distributor
90.14	DF	.~ Pneumatic system
90.15	DF	.~ With means for varying timing
90.16	DF	.~.~ Cam-to-valve relationship
90.17	DF	.~.~ Camshaft or cam characteristics
90.18	DF	.~.~.~ Axially shiftable camshaft
90.19	DF	.~ With temperature compensation
90.2	DF	.~ With compound movement of cam follower
90.21	DF	.~ Follower displaced axially of camshaft
90.22	DF	.~ Plural valve trains, single actuator
90.23	DF	.~.~ Intake and exhaust
90.24	DF	.~ Valve driven closed
90.25	DF	.~.~ By valve-opening rocker
90.26	DF	.~.~ By cam-actuated unitary follower
90.27	DF	.~ Overhead camshaft
90.28	DF	.~ With nonvalving movement (e.g., about valve stem)
90.29	DF	.~.~ Oscillating movement converted internally
90.3	DF	.~.~ Positive rotation provided by internal means
90.31	DF	.~ Camshaft drive means
90.32	DF	.~ With alternate interruption of drive train
90.33	DF	.~ Lubrication
90.34	DF	.~.~ Camshaft
90.35	DF	.~.~ Tappet as conduit
90.36	DF	.~.~ Rocker fulcrum as conduit
90.37	DF	.~.~ Seals and shields
90.38	DF	.~.~ Housings
90.39	DF	.~ Rocker
90.4	DF	.~.~ Plural valves
90.41	DF	.~.~ Individually fulcrumed
90.42	DF	.~.~.~ Rotation prevention
90.43	DF	.~.~.~ Lash adjustment at fulcrum
90.44	DF	.~.~ Cam engaged
90.45	DF	.~.~ Lash adjustment
90.46	DF	.~.~.~ Hydraulic
90.47	DF	.~.~ Yieldable engagement
90.48	DF	.~ Tappet
90.49	DF	.~.~ Cushion and silencer
90.5	DF	.~.~ Rotation prevention
90.51	DF	.~.~ Composition, surface treatment manufacture
90.52	DF	.~.~ Lash adjustment
90.53	DF	.~.~.~ Self-operating
90.54	DF	.~.~.~.~ Screw
90.55	DF	.~.~.~.~ Hydraulic
90.56	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Pressure flow upwardly into pressure chamber
90.57	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Vent or bleed means for pressure chamber
90.58	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Self-contained
90.59	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ With provision for horizontal positioning
90.6	DF	.~ Cam
90.61	DF	.~ Rod
90.62	DF	.~.~ Self-adjusting
90.63	DF	.~.~.~ Hydraulic
90.64	DF	.~.~ Pull type
90.65	DF	.~ Spring
90.66	DF	.~.~ Attenuated
90.67	DF	.~.~ Seat and retainer
143 R	DF	IGNITERS
144	DF	.~ Flame
145 R	DF	.~ Incandescent
146	DF	.~.~ Valve controlled
145 A	DF	.~.~ Electric (incandescent ignitors using electricity as a source of heat)
146.5 R	DF	.~ Sparkers
147	DF	.~.~ Low tension
149 R	DF	.~.~ Dynamos
149 A	DF	.~.~.~ Inductor type
149 B	DF	.~.~.~ Impulse starters
149 D	DF	.~.~.~ Flywheel type
149 E	DF	.~.~.~ Oscillating armature type
149 F	DF	.~.~.~ Special waveforms
149 FA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Double current generators
149 G	DF	.~.~.~ Movable pole shoes and bell-magnets
149 H	DF	.~.~.~ Reciprocating
150	DF	.~.~ Combined adjusting and exhaust regulating
151	DF	.~.~ Combined sparker and valve
152	DF	.~.~ Combined valve and sparker operating
169 R	DF	.~.~ Plugs
169 CL	DF	.~.~.~ Cleaners automatic
169 CM	DF	.~.~.~.~ Cleaners manual
169 CA	DF	.~.~.~ Compound insulation
169 CB	DF	.~.~.~ Core retaining
169 DW	DF	.~.~.~ Disk wrappings type
169 EL	DF	.~.~.~ Electrodes
169 EA	DF	.~.~.~ Adjustable gap
169 EB	DF	.~.~.~ Replaceable electrode
169 EC	DF	.~.~.~ Adjustable and replaceable
169 C	DF	.~.~.~ Cool
169 E	DF	.~.~.~ Insulated electrodes
169 G	DF	.~.~.~ Intensity in gap only
169 P	DF	.~.~.~ Insulating protecting
169 PA	DF	.~.~.~.~ Tubes and attachments
169 PB	DF	.~.~.~.~ Heaters
169 PH	DF	.~.~.~.~ Hoods and shields
169 MG	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple firing gap
169 TC	DF	.~.~.~ Transparent combustion chamber
169 V	DF	.~.~.~ Valved
153	DF	.~.~ Make and break
154	DF	.~.~.~ Electromagnetic
155	DF	.~.~.~ Pneumatic
162	DF	.~.~.~ Piston-operated
156	DF	.~.~.~ Reciprocating electrode
157	DF	.~.~.~ Rocking-electrode hammer action
158	DF	.~.~.~ Rocking and rigid electrodes
159	DF	.~.~.~ Rocking and yielding electrodes
160	DF	.~.~.~ Oscillating electrodes
161	DF	.~.~.~ Rotary electrodes
163	DF	.~.~.~ Stationary-electrode structure
164	DF	.~.~.~ Adjusting mechanism
146.5 A	DF	.~.~ Timers
146.5 B	DF	.~.~ Ignition locks
146.5 C	DF	.~.~ Fluid level or pressure-actuated ignition switches
146.5 D	DF	.~.~ Devices for opening the ignition circuit when engine stops in order to save battery
143 A	DF	.~ High compression igniters
143 B	DF	.~ Special charge igniters
143 C	DF	.~ Insulated casing enclosing wires leading to plugs, distributor, etc.
192.1	DF	VIBRATION COMPENSATING DEVICE
192.2	DF	.~ Balancing arrangement
197.1	DF	TRANSMISSION MECHANISM FROM PISTON
197.5	DF	.~ Including clutch
197.2	DF	.~ With particular piston
197.4	DF	.~ Crankshaft and connecting rod
197.3	DF	.~.~ Particular connecting rod
179.1	DF	STARTING DEVICE
179.2	DF	.~ Remote control
179.3	DF	.~ Condition responsive control of starting device
179.4	DF	.~.~ Including automatic engine stop
179.5	DF	.~ Control of spark ignition during starting
179.6	DF	.~ Control of glow plug during starting
179.7	DF	.~ Auxiliary fuel supply device
179.8	DF	.~.~ Starting fluid
179.9	DF	.~.~ Priming means
179.11	DF	.~.~.~ Manual pump device or squeeze bulb
179.12	DF	.~.~.~ Condition responsive
179.13	DF	.~.~.~.~ Temperature
179.14	DF	.~.~ Condition responsive
179.15	DF	.~.~.~ Temperature
179.16	DF	.~ With fuel or intake air control
179.17	DF	.~.~ Fuel injection pump
179.18	DF	.~.~ Intake air control
179.19	DF	.~ Includes auxiliary internal combustion engine
179.21	DF	.~ With charge or cylinder heating
179.22	DF	.~ Inertia type
179.24	DF	.~ Either power or manual starting device
179.27	DF	.~ For airplane
185.7	DF	.~.~ Manual type
179.28	DF	.~ With electric generating means
179.29	DF	.~.~ Auxiliary magneto
179.31	DF	.~ Having fluid-driven starting motor
183.1	DF	.~ Gunpowder type
182.1	DF	.~ Compression relieving type
179.25	DF	.~ Having specific mounting or drive connection for electric starter motor
179.26	DF	.~.~ For nonoperator supporting wheeled platform
185.1	DF	.~ Mechanical
185.14	DF	.~.~ Includes mechanical potential motor (e.g., spring motor)
185.15	DF	.~.~.~ Operated by wheels of vehicle
185.2	DF	.~.~ Includes cable
185.3	DF	.~.~.~ Including recoil mechanism
185.4	DF	.~.~.~.~ Lever connected to the cable
185.5	DF	.~.~ Includes lever or slide linkage
185.6	DF	.~.~.~ Lever or slide actuates a gear segment
185.8	DF	.~.~ Includes friction means in linkage
185.9	DF	.~.~ Includes coaxial cooperating threaded members in linkage
185.11	DF	.~.~ Includes worm gear in linkage
185.12	DF	.~.~ Including crank-type handle
185.13	DF	.~.~.~ Means provided to prevent counter rotation of crank
184.1	DF	.~ With auxiliary igniters
184.21	DF	INTAKE MANIFOLD
184.22	DF	.~ Passage to crankcase
184.23	DF	.~.~ For use with carburetor upstream of manifold
184.24	DF	.~.~ Manifold having plenum
184.25	DF	.~.~.~ Plural plenums
184.26	DF	.~.~.~.~ Interconnection between plenums
184.27	DF	.~.~ Multiple passage leading to inlet of head
184.28	DF	.~ For engine having radiating cylinders
184.29	DF	.~.~ Star-type engine
184.31	DF	.~.~ For V-type engine
184.32	DF	.~.~.~ For use with carburetor upstream of manifold
184.33	DF	.~.~.~.~ Inlet manifold heated by outlet manifold
184.34	DF	.~.~.~ Manifold having plenum
184.35	DF	.~.~.~.~ Plural plenums
184.36	DF	.~.~.~.~.~ Interconnected between plenums
184.37	DF	.~.~.~ Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder
184.38	DF	.~ For in-line engine
184.39	DF	.~.~ For use with carburetor upstream of manifold
184.41	DF	.~.~.~ Intake manifold heated by outlet manifold
184.42	DF	.~.~ Manifold having plenum
184.43	DF	.~.~.~ Plural plenums
184.44	DF	.~.~.~.~ Interconnection between plenums
184.45	DF	.~.~ Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder
184.46	DF	.~ For use with carburetor upstream of manifold
184.47	DF	.~ Manifold having plenum
184.48	DF	.~.~ Plural plenums
184.49	DF	.~.~.~ Interconnection between plenums
184.51	DF	.~.~ Adjustable plenum
184.52	DF	.~ Multiple passage leading to inlet of one cylinder
184.53	DF	.~ Manifold tuning, balancing or pressure regulating means
184.54	DF	.~.~ With back flow prevention valve
184.55	DF	.~.~ Adjustable length passage
184.56	DF	.~.~ Adjustable cross section passage
184.57	DF	.~.~ Resonator chamber
184.58	DF	.~.~ Return loop to inlet
184.59	DF	.~.~ Interconnection between passages
184.61	DF	.~ Manifold material or composition
142.5 R	DF	WITH HEATING MEANS
142.5 E	DF	.~ Electric heaters for heating cooling system
657	DF	COMBUSTION CHAMBER
658	DF	.~ L- or T-shaped
659	DF	.~ Having groove to aid combustion
660	DF	.~ An acoustic cavity used to attenuate detonation shock waves (e.g., Bodine)
661	DF	.~ Having squish area
662	DF	.~ Multiple annular combustion chambers
663	DF	.~ Annular combustion chamber
664	DF	.~ Combustion chamber shape is a figure of revolution
665	DF	.~.~ Spherical
666	DF	.~.~ Hemispherical
667	DF	.~ Asymmetric combustion chamber
668	DF	.~ Having coating or liner
669	DF	.~.~ With means for mounting coating or liner
670	DF	.~ Having catalytic cambustion aid
671	DF	.~ Cylinder head shape conforms to piston shape
193.1	DF	PARTICULAR PISTON AND ENCLOSING CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION
193.5	DF	.~ Cylinder head
193.3	DF	.~.~ Having detail of connection to other cylinder structure
193.6	DF	.~ Piston
193.4	DF	.~.~ Having detail to guiding structure cooperating with cylinder
193.2	DF	.~ Cylinder detail
188.1	DF	VALVE
189	DF	.~ Detachable
188.14	DF	.~ Valve head cooperates with manifold
188.4	DF	.~ Reciprocating valve
188.15	DF	.~.~ Shepherd type
188.2	DF	.~.~ Poppet
188.16	DF	.~.~.~ Pivoted
188.3	DF	.~.~.~ Material or structure
188.5	DF	.~.~ Sleeve
190.1	DF	.~ Rotary
190.12	DF	.~.~ Sleeve
190.13	DF	.~.~.~ With lubrication means
190.3	DF	.~.~ For crankcase
190.4	DF	.~.~ Double function type
190.5	DF	.~.~.~ For two or more cylinders
190.6	DF	.~.~.~ Elongated rotary double-function valve
190.7	DF	.~.~.~.~ Tapered
190.8	DF	.~.~.~ In horizontal plane above cylinder
190.9	DF	.~.~.~.~ Tapered
190.11	DF	.~.~.~ In horizontal plane on the side of the cylinder
190.14	DF	.~.~ Disc, cone, or sphere shaped
190.15	DF	.~.~.~ Controls plural cylinders
190.2	DF	.~.~ Single function, (i.e., exhaust and intake by separate tube)
190.16	DF	.~.~ Lubricant
190.17	DF	.~.~ Seal
188.6	DF	.~ Packing
188.7	DF	.~ Combustion improving accessory
188.8	DF	.~ Valve seat relation
188.9	DF	.~ Guide, lubricant, or coolant
188.11	DF	.~ Wear feature
188.12	DF	.~.~ For spring
188.13	DF	.~.~.~ Including attaching means
188.17	DF	.~ Having actuation springs concentric with valve stem
195 R	DF	FRAME CONSTRUCTION
195 A	DF	.~ Auxiliaries, brackets
195 C	DF	.~ All covers
195 E	DF	.~ Electrical
195 P	DF	.~ Outboard motor frames
195 S	DF	.~ Sheet metal frames
195 AC	DF	.~ Inclined cylinder
195 H	DF	.~ Horizontal stress members
195 HC	DF	.~ Horizontal cylinder
196 R	DF	LUBRICATORS
196 A	DF	.~ Filtering
196 CP	DF	.~ Crankcase, pressure control
196 AB	DF	.~ Heating and cooling
196 M	DF	.~ Upper cylinder lubricants
196 S	DF	.~ Safety devices
196 V	DF	.~ Sleeve valve lubrication
196 W	DF	.~ Vertical shaft
198 R	DF	ACCESSORIES
198 A	DF	.~ Decarbonizers and antiknocks
198 B	DF	.~ Antitheft valves and locks
198 C	DF	.~ Pumps
198 D	DF	.~ Safety devices
198 DA	DF	.~ Bearing wear, cylinder, oil drain, auto ignition
198 DB	DF	.~ Fuel cut-off
198 DC	DF	.~ Ignition cut-off control
198 E	DF	.~ Covers, trays, vibrators, corrosion inhibitors, air filters
198 F	DF	.~ Cylinder cut out
198 P	DF	.~ Pressurizing - crankcase, clutch housing, transmission housing
		******************************
		FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
		*********************************
*	DD	STARTING DEVICE
FOR 100	DF	.~ Spark delaying (123/186.1)
FOR 101	DF	SPARK IGNITION TIMING CONTROL (123/406)
FOR 102	DF	.~ Vacuum timing control (123/407)
FOR 103	DF	.~.~ Multiple diaphragms (123/408)
FOR 104	DF	.~.~ Fluid delay in fluid path line from vacuum source (123/409)
FOR 105	DF	.~.~ Including sensor responsive to barometric pressure to alter vacuum level (123/410)
FOR 106	DF	.~.~ Increasing vacuum retards the spark (123/411)
FOR 107	DF	.~ Barometric pressure responsive controller (123/412)
FOR 108	DF	.~ By mechanical or hydraulic link to throttle valve or accelerator (123/413)
FOR 109	DF	.~ Having engine shaft position sensor (123/414)
FOR 110	DF	.~ Analog electronic control (123/415)
FOR 111	DF	.~ Digital electronic control (123/416)
FOR 112	DF	.~.~ Having microprocessor (123/417)
FOR 113	DF	.~ Speed responsive (123/418)
FOR 114	DF	.~.~ Responsive to instantaneous changes in engine speed (e.g., roughness) (123/419)
FOR 115	DF	.~.~ Centrifugal timing mechanism (123/420)
FOR 116	DF	.~ Ambient or engine temperature responsive (123/421)
FOR 117	DF	.~ Acceleration responsive (123/422)
FOR 118	DF	.~ Deceleration responsive (123/423)
FOR 119	DF	.~ Starting or cold running condition responsive (123/424)
FOR 120	DF	.~ Cylinder pressure or cylinder temperature responsive (123/425)
FOR 121	DF	.~ Feedback correction (123/426)
FOR 122	DF	.~ Timing control derived from ignition capacitor (123/427)
FOR 123	DF	.~ Having circuit that alters response of an oscillatory engine shaft position sensing circuit (123/428)
FOR 124	DF	.~ Exhaust gas used with the combustible mixture (e.g., emission control (e.g.r. valve) (123/568)
FOR 125	DF	.~.~ Diesel engine (123/569)
FOR 126	DF	.~.~ Exhaust gas cooled before recirculation (123/570)
FOR 127	DF	.~.~ Electrical control of e.g.r. valve (e.g., between exhaust gas and intake manifold) (123/571)
FOR 128	DF	.~.~.~ Having controllable timing means (123/602)
		******************************
		DIGESTS
		******************************
DIG 1	DD	Interchangeable
DIG 2	DD	Accumulated fuel return to tank or engine-induction system
DIG 3	DD	Model
DIG 4	DD	Stratification
DIG 5	DD	Crankcase pressure-operated pumps
DIG 6	DD	Detachable
DIG 7	DD	Convertible
DIG 8	DD	Multiple engine units
DIG 9	DD	Flame ignition
DIG 10	DD	Fluidic amplifier fuel control
DIG 11	DD	Antidieseling (stopping)
DIG 12	DD	Hydrogen
DIG 13	DD	Gas

US Patent Class 123 INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES

Current as of: June, 1999 Click for Main Headings Click DF for Definitions Click for All Classes

Internet Version by PATENTEC © 1999 Terms of Use

US Patent Class 123
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES

Current as of: June, 1999
Click for Main Headings
Click DF for Definitions
Click for All Classes