US PATENT SUBCLASS 123 / 52.1
MULTIPLE CYLINDER

Current as of: June, 1999
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123 /   HD   INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES

52.1MULTIPLE CYLINDER {7}
52.2  DF  .~> Simultaneous compression, distinct pistons, restricted communication to a single combustion chamber {2}
53.1  DF  .~> Cylinder offset from crankshaft axis {3}
53.6  DF  .~> Cylinders having opposing heads
54.1  DF  .~> Cylinders radiating {4}
56.1  DF  .~> Having rotary output shaft parallel to cylinders {2}
58.1  DF  .~> Cylinders in-line {10}
60.1  DF  .~> Locked annular piston

DEFINITION

Classification: 123/52.1

MULTIPLE CYLINDER:

(under the class definition) Internal-combustion engine having two or more separate and distinct cylinders and a single piston reciprocating in each cylinder to transmit force to a load.

(1) Note. The following terms are defined as used in this subclass and indented subclasses.

(2) Note. A "stroke" consists of a movement of the piston away from the cylinder head or a movement toward the cylinder head.

(3) Note. An internal-combustion engine may be defined by the number of strokes between ignition, the most common types are as follows:

(a)

A "four-stroke" engine is one which operates as follows, starting with the piston near "top-dead-center": (1) The piston moves away from the head, for the "power" stroke, as the ignited fuel expands as gases, to go to "bottom-dead-center". (2) The piston moves toward the head for the "exhaust" stroke in which the combustion gases are expelled. (3) The piston again moves away from the head for the "intake" stroke in which air is drawn into the cylinder. (4) The piston moves toward the head for the "compression" stroke, at the conclusion of which ignition will occur and

the cycles start over.

Note that a "four-stroke" engine makes two complete revolutions for each power stroke. (b)

A "two-stroke" engine is one which operates as follows, starting with the piston near "top-dead-center": (1) The piston moves away from the head for the power stroke, with exhaust beginning at the bottom of the stroke. (2) The piston moves toward the head as exhaust completes, with the charge simultaneously being transferred to the cylinder, the latter part of the stroke serving to compress the charge, at the conclusion of this stroke ignition will occur and the cycles start over.

Note that a "two-stroke" engine makes one complete revolution for each power stroke.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type,

170+, and 508+ for a multi-piston or cylinder type, noninternal combustion, expansible chamber motor.

92, Expansible Chamber Devices,

146+, for plural unitarily mounted cylinders or a frame therefor for an expansible chamber device (that is not an engine).

CHARGE:

a quantity of "working fluid" intended to be ignited for a working stroke of the "piston".

COMBUSTION CHAMBER:

that volume of a "cylinder" enclosed by the "head" and the "piston" when the piston is closest to the head. CONNECTING ROD:

The most common link for transmitting power from a "piston" to a "crankshaft".

CRANKSHAFT:

The most common type of "output shaft", which is journaled to turn about a fixed axis and including an offset portion for receiving energy from the piston.

CYLINDER:

a member having an internally facing surface of a shape

generated by a straight line rotating a fixed distance about an axis.

HEAD:

the portion of a cylinder which closes off one end thereof.