US Patent Class 148
METAL TREATMENT
 Electronic File Wrappers |  Electronic Patent Documents |  Paper Patent Documents | Current as of: June, 1999
|  and Services |
| Electronic File Wrappers | Electronic Patent Documents | Paper Patent Documents | Current as of: June, 1999
| and Services |
| DF | CLASS NOTES | |
| 95 | DF | PROCESS OF MODIFYING OR MAINTAINING INTERNAL PHYSICAL STRUCTURE (I.E., MICROSTRUCTURE) OR CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL, PROCESS OF REACTIVE COATING OF METAL AND PROCESS OF CHEMICAL-HEAT REMOVING (E.G., FLAME-CUTTING, ETC.) OR BURNING OF METAL |
| 96 | DF | .~ Superconductive metal or alloy (i.e., superconductive Tc at or below 30'K) |
| 97 | DF | .~.~ Particle (e.g., ion, neutron, etc.) bombardment or electromagnetic wave energy (e.g., laser, etc.) |
| 98 | DF | .~.~ Producing or treating an A3B (e.g., Nb3Sn, V3Ga, Nb3Al, etc.) superconducting alloy |
| 99 | DF | .~ Treating in extraterrestrial environment (e.g., space, moon, etc.) or zero gravity environment |
| 100 | DF | .~ Magnetic materials |
| 101 | DF | .~.~ Permanent magnet |
| 102 | DF | .~.~.~ Age hardening |
| 103 | DF | .~.~.~ Treatment in a magnetic field |
| 104 | DF | .~.~ Dust cores |
| 105 | DF | .~.~ Particulate material |
| 108 | DF | .~.~ Treatment in a magnetic field |
| 110 | DF | .~.~ Silicon steel |
| 111 | DF | .~.~.~ Working |
| 112 | DF | .~.~.~ Heat treatment |
| 113 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With special compositions |
| 120 | DF | .~.~ Working |
| 121 | DF | .~.~ Heat treatment |
| 122 | DF | .~.~.~ With special compositions |
| 194 | DF | .~ Chemical-heat removing (e.g., flame-cutting, etc.) or burning of metal |
| 195 | DF | .~.~ Control responsive to sensed condition of workpiece |
| 196 | DF | .~.~ Program or pattern control |
| 197 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing fluid contact other than flame |
| 198 | DF | .~.~ With solid additive |
| 199 | DF | .~.~.~ Metal powder |
| 200 | DF | .~.~ Of edge or corner (e.g., deburring, etc.) |
| 201 | DF | .~.~ Cylindrical workpiece |
| 202 | DF | .~.~ Scarfing (e.g., desurfacing, planing, gouging, etc.) |
| 203 | DF | .~.~.~ Simultaneous removing or burning of multiple sides of workpiece |
| 204 | DF | .~.~ Flame piercing |
| 205 | DF | .~.~ Plural nozzles or plural work-contacting jets |
| 206 | DF | .~ Carburizing or nitriding using externally supplied carbon or nitrogen source |
| 207 | DF | .~.~ Carburizing or nitriding uniformly throughout the entire mass (i.e., internal carburizing) |
| 208 | DF | .~.~ With decarburizing or denitriding |
| 209 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing particulate fluid bed |
| 210 | DF | .~.~ Of selected surface area (e.g., zone, top only, etc.) |
| 211 | DF | .~.~.~ With working, machining, or cutting |
| 212 | DF | .~.~.~ Nitriding |
| 213 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing attached protective shield, mask or coating |
| 214 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With noncarburizing or non-nitriding coating |
| 215 | DF | .~.~ Measuring, sensing, or testing |
| 216 | DF | .~.~.~ Of gas composition (e.g., carbon content, etc.) |
| 217 | DF | .~.~ With noncarburizing or non-nitriding reactive coating (e.g., oxidizing, siliconizing, boronizing, etc.) |
| 218 | DF | .~.~ Combined carburizing and nitriding (e.g., carbonitriding, nitrocarburizing, etc.) |
| 219 | DF | .~.~.~ With working, machining, cutting, or post-carburizing and post-nitriding heating or quenching |
| 220 | DF | .~.~ With producing or treating of workpiece having plural noncarburized or non-nitrided layers or mechanically engaged article or stock |
| 221 | DF | .~.~ With casting or solidifying from melt |
| 222 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing ionized gas (e.g., plasma, etc.) or electron arc or beam |
| 223 | DF | .~.~ Including use of vacuum |
| 224 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing wave energy (e.g., laser, etc.) or electric heating with work as conductor |
| 225 | DF | .~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy |
| 226 | DF | .~.~.~ With working, machining, or cutting |
| 227 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing fused agent or media |
| 228 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nitriding |
| 229 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With post-carburizing quenching |
| 230 | DF | .~.~.~ Nitriding |
| 231 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Utilizing nitrogen containing agent other than ammonia or elemental nitrogen |
| 232 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With post-nitriding heat or quenching |
| 233 | DF | .~.~.~ With post-carburizing heating or quenching |
| 234 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing agent containing cyano (CN) radical or halogen (X) radical or metal carbonate |
| 235 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing hydrocarbon, oil or oxygenated hydrocarbon (e.g., alcohol, furan, carbohydrate, etc.) |
| 236 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing solid carbonaceous material containing free carbon, coal, peat, or coke |
| 237 | DF | .~.~ Refractory metal (i.e., Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W) or refractory base alloy |
| 238 | DF | .~.~ Nitriding |
| 239 | DF | .~ With ion implantation |
| 240 | DF | .~ Processes of coating utilizing a reactive composition which reacts with metal substrate or composition therefore |
| 241 | DF | .~.~ Testing or electrical or wave energy utilized |
| 242 | DF | .~.~ Molten bath or molten surface utilized during reaction |
| 243 | DF | .~.~ Liquid reactive coating composition utilized |
| 244 | DF | .~.~.~ Dye or organic pigment containing |
| 245 | DF | .~.~.~ Electrically insulating coating formed which is more than mere oxide formation |
| 246 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains lubricant or oil or overcoat thereof |
| 247 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains an atom of hafnium, titanium or zirconium (excludes activating composition) |
| 248 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains nonreactive organic liquid at ambient temperature (e.g., solvent, etc.) |
| 249 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nonreactive halogenated hydrocarbon |
| 250 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains organic phosphorus or organic chromium compound |
| 251 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains solid synthetic polymer |
| 252 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains dicarboxylic acid or salt thereof which reacts with metal substrate |
| 253 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains phosphorus |
| 254 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Liquid composition applied prior to reaction of metal substrate with phosphorus (e.g., cleaning, activating, etc.) |
| 255 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With additional coating composition containing an atom of chromium, phosphorus or sulfur |
| 256 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Specified liquid or gaseous coating composition applied after reaction with phosphorus |
| 257 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Specified coating composition contains organic material |
| 258 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains an atom of chromium |
| 259 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains organic additive other than for pH control |
| 260 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen-containing organic compound |
| 261 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains an atom of arsenic, boron or metal atom other than alkali metal |
| 262 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Contains an atom of iron or manganese or a group II metal atom (Be, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd, Hg) |
| 263 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Contains an atom of calcium |
| 264 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains an atom of chromium |
| 265 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Post chromium treatment with specified material (other than mere air drying) |
| 266 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains an atom of sulfur, selenium or tellurium |
| 267 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains trivalent chromium ion or reducing agent or an organic additive |
| 268 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains an atom or boron, silicon or metal atom other than alkali metal |
| 269 | DF | .~.~.~ Metal substrate contains elemental Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Ta, or Th or alloy thereof |
| 270 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains an atom of sulfur, selenium or tellurium |
| 271 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contains organic sulfur compound |
| 272 | DF | .~.~.~ Coating or treating a metal oxide with a specified composition |
| 273 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains an atom of arsenic or metal atom other than alkali metal |
| 274 | DF | .~.~.~ Contains organic material |
| 275 | DF | .~.~.~ Metal substrate contains elemental aluminum or magnesium or alloy thereof |
| 276 | DF | .~.~ Coating during or after metal oxide formation |
| 277 | DF | .~.~ Metal oxide formed after applied coating |
| 278 | DF | .~.~ Carbide formation, decarburization or carbonizing |
| 279 | DF | .~.~ Contains an atom of boron or silicon that reacts with metal substrate |
| 280 | DF | .~.~ Reactive material applied nonuniformly or reacted selectively |
| 281 | DF | .~.~ Metal substrate contains elemental Ti, Zr, Nb, Ag, Ta, or W or alloy thereof |
| 282 | DF | .~.~ Metal substrate contains elemental copper or alloy thereof |
| 283 | DF | .~.~ Contains an atom of halogen, organic material or gaseous sulfur |
| 284 | DF | .~.~ Coating composition applied forms oxide coating |
| 285 | DF | .~.~.~ Oxide of aluminum, beryllium or magnesium formed |
| 286 | DF | .~.~.~ Oxide of cobalt, chromium or nickel formed |
| 287 | DF | .~.~.~ Oxide of iron formed |
| 500 | DF | .~ Utilizing disclosed mathematical formula or relationship |
| 501 | DF | .~.~ Nonferrous metal, nonferrous based alloy or no-base alloy |
| 502 | DF | .~.~.~ Aluminum(Al) or aluminum base alloy |
| 503 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing therein symbol for temperature |
| 504 | DF | .~.~.~ With working step |
| 505 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing therein factors or percentages related to metal or metal alloy composition (i.e., including carbon content) |
| 506 | DF | .~.~.~ With chromium(Cr) in the mathematical relationship |
| 507 | DF | .~.~.~ With titanium(Ti) in the mathematical relationship |
| 508 | DF | .~ With measuring, testing, or sensing |
| 509 | DF | .~.~ Magnetic or electrical property |
| 510 | DF | .~.~ Change in dimension (e.g., expansion, elongation, distortion, etc.) |
| 511 | DF | .~.~ Temperature |
| 512 | DF | .~ Surface melting (e.g., melt alloying, etc.) |
| 513 | DF | .~ Treating loose metal powder, particle or flake |
| 514 | DF | .~ Treating consolidated metal powder, per se (i.e., no sintering or compacting step present) |
| 515 | DF | .~ With explosive or exothermic agent |
| 516 | DF | .~ Producing or treating layered, bonded, welded, or mechanically engaged article or stock as a final product |
| 517 | DF | .~.~ Subambient temperature |
| 518 | DF | .~.~ With electrocoating (e.g., electroplating, anodizing, sputtering, etc.) |
| 519 | DF | .~.~ Pipe or tube |
| 520 | DF | .~.~.~ With induction heating |
| 521 | DF | .~.~.~ With metal fusion bonding |
| 522 | DF | .~.~ With casting or solidifying from melt |
| 523 | DF | .~.~.~ Of aluminum(Al) or aluminum alloy |
| 524 | DF | .~.~ With metal fusion bonding step utilizing electron arc or beam |
| 525 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing wave energy (e.g., laser, electromagnetic wave energy, etc.), plasma or electron arc or beam |
| 526 | DF | .~.~ Electric heating with work as electrical conductor (e.g., alternating current, induction, etc.) |
| 527 | DF | .~.~ With metal next to or bonded to metal |
| 528 | DF | .~.~.~ With brazing or soldering |
| 529 | DF | .~.~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy present |
| 530 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Next to nonferrous metal or nonferrous base alloy |
| 531 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Aluminum(Al) or aluminum base alloy |
| 532 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Copper(Cu) or copper base alloy |
| 533 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Zinc(Zn), zinc base alloy or unspecified galvanizing |
| 534 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 535 | DF | .~.~.~ Aluminum(Al) or aluminum base alloy present |
| 536 | DF | .~.~.~ Copper(Cu) or copper base alloy |
| 537 | DF | .~.~ With coating step |
| 538 | DF | .~ With casting or solidifying from melt |
| 539 | DF | .~.~ Centrifugal casting |
| 540 | DF | .~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy |
| 541 | DF | .~.~.~ Continuous casting |
| 542 | DF | .~.~.~ Containing at least nine percent chromium(Cr) (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) |
| 543 | DF | .~.~.~ Containing at least 1.5 percent carbon |
| 544 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 545 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With tempering, ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening, or quenching |
| 546 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 547 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With tempering, ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening, or quenching |
| 548 | DF | .~.~.~ With tempering, ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening, or quenching |
| 549 | DF | .~.~ Aluminum(Al) or aluminum base alloy |
| 550 | DF | .~.~.~ With extruding or drawing |
| 551 | DF | .~.~.~ Continuous casting |
| 552 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 553 | DF | .~.~ Copper(Cu) or copper base alloy |
| 554 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 555 | DF | .~.~ Nickel(Ni) or nickel base alloy |
| 556 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 557 | DF | .~.~ With working |
| 558 | DF | .~ With vibration (e.g., mechanical, sound, etc.) |
| 559 | DF | .~ Heating or cooling of solid metal |
| 560 | DF | .~.~ Actinide or trans-actinide metal or alloy having greater than 50 percent actinide or trans-actinide metals |
| 561 | DF | .~.~ Passing through an amorphous state or treating or producing an amorphous metal or alloy |
| 562 | DF | .~.~ Treating single crystal |
| 563 | DF | .~.~ Mechanical memory (e.g., shape memory, heat-recoverable, etc.) |
| 564 | DF | .~.~ Superplastic (e.g., dynamic recrystallization, etc.) |
| 565 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing wave energy (e.g., laser, electromagnetic, etc.) plasma or electron arc or beam |
| 566 | DF | .~.~ Electric heating with work as conductor (e.g., alternating current, induction, etc.) |
| 567 | DF | .~.~.~ Induction |
| 568 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Wire or filament |
| 569 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Railway stock (e.g., rails, wheels, axles, etc.) |
| 570 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Of hollow bodies (e.g., pipe, sphere, etc.) |
| 571 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Inside only |
| 572 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Rod, axle, shaft, or roller |
| 573 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Gear, threaded article, drill or serrated work surface (e.g., saw blade, etc.) |
| 574 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And cooling with fluid contact |
| 575 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy |
| 576 | DF | .~.~.~ Wire or filament |
| 577 | DF | .~.~ Chilling to subambient temperature |
| 578 | DF | .~.~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy |
| 579 | DF | .~.~ Iron(Fe) or iron base alloy |
| 580 | DF | .~.~.~ Spring or spring material |
| 581 | DF | .~.~.~ Railway stock (e.g., rails, wheels, axles, etc.) |
| 582 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 583 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Wheel |
| 584 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 585 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With work handling |
| 586 | DF | .~.~.~ Gear |
| 587 | DF | .~.~.~ Threaded article (e.g., screws, drill bits, etc.) |
| 588 | DF | .~.~.~ Serrated work surface (e.g., saw blades, etc.) |
| 589 | DF | .~.~.~ Ring |
| 590 | DF | .~.~.~ Pipe or tube |
| 591 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 592 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nine percent or more chromium(Cr) (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) |
| 593 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 594 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With work handling |
| 595 | DF | .~.~.~ Wire, rod, or filament |
| 596 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 597 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nine percent or more chromium(Cr) (e.g., stainless steel, etc.) |
| 598 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 599 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working at or below 120'C or unspecified cold working |
| 600 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With work handling |
| 601 | DF | .~.~.~ With coiling or treating of coiled strip |
| 602 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 603 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working at or below 120'C or unspecified cold working |
| 604 | DF | .~.~.~ Of stacked plural workpieces |
| 605 | DF | .~.~.~ Nine percent or more chromium(Cr) (e.g., Stainless steel, etc.) |
| 606 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 607 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation strengthening or precipitation hardening |
| 608 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working |
| 609 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 610 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working at or below 120'C or unspecified cold working |
| 611 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Austenitic phase structure |
| 612 | DF | .~.~.~ Starting material contains 1.7 percent or more carbon (e.g., cast iron, etc.) |
| 613 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Decarburizing |
| 614 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Starting material is spherulitic (i.e., spheroidal) or vermicular (i.e., wormlike) |
| 615 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 616 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Treating or producing white or malleable cast iron |
| 617 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Producing malleable cast iron |
| 618 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ With spheroidal graphite production |
| 619 | DF | .~.~.~ Containing 10 percent or more manganese(Mn) (e.g., Hadfield steel, etc.) |
| 620 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 621 | DF | .~.~.~ Highly alloyed (i.e., greater than 10 percent alloying elements) |
| 622 | DF | .~.~.~ Ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 623 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Overageing |
| 624 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 625 | DF | .~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 626 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With preserving, recovering, separately treating or handling of the specified treating agent |
| 627 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With localized or zone heating or cooling |
| 628 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Using vacuum |
| 629 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Decarburizing or denitriding |
| 630 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Utilizing particulate fluid bed |
| 631 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Fused treating agent |
| 632 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working |
| 633 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Gaseous agent |
| 634 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Hydrogen |
| 635 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With working |
| 636 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Liquid agent |
| 637 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ And cooling or quenching |
| 638 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Treating composition contains water |
| 639 | DF | .~.~.~ Localized or zone heating or cooling |
| 640 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Utilizing protective or insulating shielding from heat |
| 641 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Simultaneous heating and cooling treatment |
| 642 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Heating with flame treatment |
| 643 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 644 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Cooling |
| 645 | DF | .~.~.~ With flattening, straightening, or tensioning by external force |
| 646 | DF | .~.~.~ With restraining of metal from expanding or contracting during heating or cooling |
| 647 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Die quenching |
| 648 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 649 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Forging |
| 650 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working at or below 120'C or unspecified cold working |
| 651 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Heating step follows cold working |
| 652 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Separate cooling step follows cold working step |
| 653 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With additional nonworking heating step |
| 654 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including cooling (e.g., quenching, etc.) |
| 655 | DF | .~.~.~ With separate handling or treating of air, water, or unspecified fluid treating media |
| 656 | DF | .~.~.~ Work handling |
| 657 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Continuous strip or sheet |
| 658 | DF | .~.~.~.~ During cooling step |
| 659 | DF | .~.~.~ Including spheroidizing |
| 660 | DF | .~.~.~ Including cooling (e.g., quenching, etc.) |
| 661 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Strip, sheet, or plate |
| 662 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Heating step follows cooling |
| 663 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Tempering |
| 664 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Multiple cooling steps |
| 665 | DF | .~.~ Beryllium(Be) or beryllium base alloy |
| 666 | DF | .~.~ Magnesium(Mg) or magnesium base alloy |
| 667 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 668 | DF | .~.~ Refractory metal (i.e., titanium(Ti), zirconium(Zr), hafnium(Hf), vanadium(V), niobium(Nb), columbium(Cb), tantalum(Ta), chromium(Cr), molybdenum(Mo), tungsten(W)), or alloy base thereof |
| 669 | DF | .~.~.~ Titanium(Ti) or titanium base alloy |
| 670 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With working |
| 671 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 672 | DF | .~.~.~ Zirconium(Zr) or zirconium base alloy |
| 673 | DF | .~.~.~ Tungsten(W) or tungsten base alloy |
| 674 | DF | .~.~ Cobalt(Co) or cobalt base alloy |
| 675 | DF | .~.~ Nickel(Ni) or nickel base alloy |
| 676 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 677 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating, (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 678 | DF | .~.~ Noble metals (i.e., silver(Ag), gold(Au), osmium(Os), iridium(Ir), platinum(Pt), ruthenium(Ru), rhodium(Rh), palladium(Pd)) or alloy base thereof |
| 679 | DF | .~.~ Copper(Cu) or copper base alloy |
| 680 | DF | .~.~.~ With working above 400'C or nonspecified hot working |
| 681 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Multiple working steps |
| 682 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 683 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 684 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 685 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 686 | DF | .~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 687 | DF | .~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent or denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 688 | DF | .~.~ Aluminum(Al) or aluminum base alloy |
| 689 | DF | .~.~.~ With extruding or drawing |
| 690 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 691 | DF | .~.~.~ With working above 400'C or nonspecified hot working |
| 692 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Multiple working steps |
| 693 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 694 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 695 | DF | .~.~.~ With working |
| 696 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Multiple working steps |
| 697 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 698 | DF | .~.~.~ With ageing, solution treating (i.e., for hardening), precipitation hardening or strengthening |
| 699 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Copper(Cu) containing |
| 700 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Magnesium(Mg) containing |
| 701 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Zinc(Zn) containing |
| 702 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Magnesium(Mg) containing |
| 703 | DF | .~.~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 704 | DF | .~.~.~.~ In fused state |
| 705 | DF | .~.~ Zinc(Zn) or zinc base alloy |
| 706 | DF | .~.~ Lead(Pb) or lead base alloy |
| 707 | DF | .~.~ Over 50 percent metal, but no base |
| 708 | DF | .~.~ Treating with specified agent (e.g., heat exchange agent, protective agent, decarburizing agent, denitriding agent, etc.) or vacuum |
| 709 | DF | .~.~.~ With preserving, recovering or separately handling or treating of the agent |
| 710 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing particulate form in fluid bed |
| 711 | DF | .~.~.~ In fused state |
| 712 | DF | .~.~.~ In gaseous state |
| 713 | DF | .~.~.~ In liquid state |
| 714 | DF | .~.~ Localized or zone heating or cooling treatment |
| 22 | DF | COMPOSITIONS |
| 23 | DF | .~ Fluxing |
| 24 | DF | .~.~ Metallic |
| 25 | DF | .~.~ Oleaginous |
| 26 | DF | .~.~ Inorganic |
| 27 | DF | .~ Heat treating |
| 28 | DF | .~.~ Liquid |
| 29 | DF | .~.~.~ Oleaginous |
| 30 | DF | .~.~ Carbonaceous |
| 33 | DF | BARRIER LAYER STOCK MATERIAL, P-N TYPE |
| 33.1 | DF | .~ With contiguous layer doped to degeneracy |
| 33.2 | DF | .~ With recess, void, dislocation, grain boundaries or channel openings |
| 33.3 | DF | .~ With non-semiconductive coating thereon |
| 33.4 | DF | .~ With contiguous layers of different semiconductive material |
| 33.5 | DF | .~ Having at least three contiguous layers of semiconductive material |
| 33.6 | DF | .~.~ Including an alloy layer having named impurities |
| 400 | DF | STOCK |
| 401 | DF | .~ Radioactive |
| 300 | DF | .~ Magnetic |
| 301 | DF | .~.~ Rare earth and transition metal containing |
| 302 | DF | .~.~.~ Boron containing |
| 303 | DF | .~.~.~ Copper containing |
| 304 | DF | .~.~ Amorphous |
| 305 | DF | .~.~.~ With inclusion |
| 306 | DF | .~.~ Iron base (i.e., ferrous) |
| 307 | DF | .~.~.~ Silicon containing |
| 308 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Specific crystallographic orientation |
| 309 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Containing over 1 percent aluminium |
| 310 | DF | .~.~.~ Nickel containing |
| 311 | DF | .~.~.~ Cobalt containing |
| 312 | DF | .~.~ Nickel base |
| 313 | DF | .~.~ Cobalt base |
| 314 | DF | .~.~ Manganese base |
| 315 | DF | .~.~ No single metal over 50 percent |
| 316 | DF | .~ Carburized or nitrided |
| 317 | DF | .~.~ Nitrided |
| 318 | DF | .~.~.~ Ferrous (i.e., iron base) |
| 319 | DF | .~.~ Ferrous (i.e., iron base) |
| 402 | DF | .~ Mechanical memory |
| 403 | DF | .~ Amorphous, i.e., glassy |
| 404 | DF | .~ Directionally solidified |
| 320 | DF | .~ Ferrous (i.e., iron base) |
| 321 | DF | .~.~ 1.7 percent or more carbon containing (e.g., cast iron) |
| 322 | DF | .~.~.~ Malleabilized |
| 323 | DF | .~.~.~ Chill cast |
| 324 | DF | .~.~.~ Six percent or more group IV, V or VI transition metal containing |
| 325 | DF | .~.~ Nine percent or more chromium containing |
| 326 | DF | .~.~.~ Age or precipitation hardened or strengthened |
| 327 | DF | .~.~.~ Eight percent or more total content of nickel and/or manganese containing |
| 328 | DF | .~.~ Age or precipitation hardened or strengthed |
| 329 | DF | .~.~ Eight percent or more manganese containing |
| 330 | DF | .~.~ Beryllium or boron containing |
| 331 | DF | .~.~ Rare earth meal containing |
| 332 | DF | .~.~ Copper containing |
| 333 | DF | .~.~ Chromium containing, but less than 9 percent |
| 334 | DF | .~.~.~ Molybdenum containing |
| 335 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nickel containing |
| 336 | DF | .~.~ Nickel containing |
| 337 | DF | .~.~ Three percent or more manganese containing or containing other transition metal in any amount |
| 405 | DF | .~ Age or precipitation hardened or strengthened |
| 406 | DF | .~.~ Magnesium base |
| 407 | DF | .~.~ Refractory metal base |
| 408 | DF | .~.~ Cobalt base |
| 409 | DF | .~.~ Nickel base |
| 410 | DF | .~.~.~ Chromium containing |
| 411 | DF | .~.~ Copper base |
| 412 | DF | .~.~.~ Tin containing |
| 413 | DF | .~.~.~ Zinc containing |
| 414 | DF | .~.~.~ Nickel containing |
| 415 | DF | .~.~ Aluminum base |
| 416 | DF | .~.~.~ Copper containing |
| 417 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Magnesium containing |
| 418 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Vanadium, niobium or tantalum containing |
| 419 | DF | .~.~ Containing over 50 percent metal, but no base metal |
| 420 | DF | .~ Magnesium base |
| 421 | DF | .~ Titanium, zirconium, or hafnium base |
| 422 | DF | .~ Vanadium, niobum, or tantalum base |
| 423 | DF | .~ Chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten base |
| 424 | DF | .~ Manganese base |
| 425 | DF | .~ Cobalt base |
| 426 | DF | .~ Nickel base |
| 427 | DF | .~.~ Chromium containing |
| 428 | DF | .~.~.~ Aluminum containing |
| 429 | DF | .~.~ Aluminum containing |
| 430 | DF | .~ Noble metal base |
| 431 | DF | .~.~ Silver base containing in situ formed oxides |
| 432 | DF | .~ Copper base |
| 433 | DF | .~.~ Tin containing |
| 434 | DF | .~.~ Zinc containing |
| 435 | DF | .~.~ Nickel containing |
| 436 | DF | .~.~ Aluminum containing |
| 437 | DF | .~ Aluminum base |
| 438 | DF | .~.~ Copper containing |
| 439 | DF | .~.~.~ Magnesium containing |
| 440 | DF | .~.~ Magnesium containing |
| 441 | DF | .~ Zinc base |
| 442 | DF | .~ Containing over 50 per cent metal, but no base metal |
| ****************************** | ||
| CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS PERTAINING TO SUBCLASSES 400+ STOCK | ||
| ****************************** | ||
| 900 | DF | ION IMPLANTED |
| 901 | DF | SURFACE DEPLETED IN AN ALLOY COMPONENT (E.G., DECARBURIZED) |
| 902 | DF | HAVING PORTIONS OF DIFFERING METALLURGICAL PROPERTIES OR CHARACTERISTICS |
| 903 | DF | .~ Directly treated with high energy electromagnetic waves or particles (e.g., laser, electron beam) |
| 904 | DF | .~ Crankshaft |
| 905 | DF | .~ Cutting tool |
| 906 | DF | .~ Roller bearing element |
| 907 | DF | .~ Threaded or headed fastener |
| 908 | DF | .~ Spring |
| 909 | DF | .~ Tube |
| 910 | DF | .~ In pattern discontinuous in two dimensions (e.g., checkerboard pattern) |
| ***************************** | ||
| DIGESTS | ||
| ***************************** | ||
| DIG 1 | DD | AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTOR |
| DIG 2 | DD | AMPHOTERIC DOPING |
| DIG 3 | DD | ANNEAL |
| DIG 4 | DD | ANNEALING, INCOHERENT LIGHT |
| DIG 5 | DD | ANTIMONIDES OF GALLIUM OR INDIUM |
| DIG 6 | DD | APPARATUS |
| DIG 7 | DD | AUTODOPING |
| DIG 8 | DD | BI-LEVEL FABRICATION |
| DIG 9 | DD | BI-MOS |
| DIG 10 | DD | BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS-ION IMPLANTATION |
| DIG 11 | DD | BIPOLAR TRANSISTORS |
| DIG 12 | DD | BONDING E.G., ELECTROSTATIC FOR STRAIN GAUGES |
| DIG 13 | DD | BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE |
| DIG 14 | DD | CAPACITOR |
| DIG 15 | DD | CAPPING LAYER |
| DIG 16 | DD | CATALYST |
| DIG 17 | DD | CLEAN SURFACES |
| DIG 18 | DD | COMPENSATION DOPING |
| DIG 19 | DD | CONTACTS OF SILICIDES |
| DIG 20 | DD | CONTACTS, SPECIAL |
| DIG 21 | DD | CONTINUOUS PROCESS |
| DIG 22 | DD | CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE |
| DIG 23 | DD | DEEP LEVEL DOPANTS |
| DIG 24 | DD | DEFECT CONTROL-GETTERING AND ANNEALING |
| DIG 25 | DD | DEPOSITION MULTI-STEP |
| DIG 26 | DD | DEPOSITION THRU HOLE IN MASK |
| DIG 27 | DD | DICHLOROSILANE |
| DIG 28 | DD | DICING |
| DIG 29 | DD | DIFFERENTIAL CRYSTAL GROWTH RATES |
| DIG 30 | DD | DIFFUSION |
| DIG 31 | DD | DIFFUSION AT AN EDGE |
| DIG 32 | DD | DIFFUSION LENGTH |
| DIG 33 | DD | DIFFUSION OF ALUMINUM |
| DIG 34 | DD | DIFFUSION OF BORON OR SILICON |
| DIG 35 | DD | DIFFUSION THRU A LAYER |
| DIG 36 | DD | DIFFUSION, NONSELECTIVE |
| DIG 37 | DD | DIFFUSION-DEPOSITION |
| DIG 38 | DD | DIFFUSIONS-STAGED |
| DIG 39 | DD | DISPLACE P-N JUNCTION |
| DIG 40 | DD | DOPANTS, SPECIAL |
| DIG 41 | DD | DOPING CONTROL IN CRYSTAL GROWTH |
| DIG 42 | DD | DOPING, GRADED, FOR TAPERED ETCHING |
| DIG 43 | DD | DUAL DIELECTRIC |
| DIG 44 | DD | EDGE DIFFUSION UNDER MASK |
| DIG 45 | DD | ELECTRIC FIELD |
| DIG 46 | DD | ELECTRON BEAM TREATMENT OF DEVICES |
| DIG 47 | DD | EMITTER DIP |
| DIG 48 | DD | ENERGY BEAM ASSISTED EPI GROWTH |
| DIG 49 | DD | EQUIVALENCE AND OPTIONS |
| DIG 50 | DD | ETCH AND REFILL |
| DIG 51 | DD | ETCHING |
| DIG 52 | DD | FACE TO FACE DEPOSITION |
| DIG 53 | DD | FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS FETS |
| DIG 54 | DD | FLAT SHEETS-SUBSTRATES |
| DIG 55 | DD | FUSE |
| DIG 56 | DD | GALLIUM ARSENIDE |
| DIG 57 | DD | GAS FLOW CONTROL |
| DIG 58 | DD | GE GERMANIUM |
| DIG 59 | DD | GERMANIUM ON SILICON OR GE-SI ON III-V |
| DIG 60 | DD | GETTERING |
| DIG 61 | DD | GETTERING-ARMORPHOUS LAYERS |
| DIG 62 | DD | GOLD DIFFUSION |
| DIG 63 | DD | GP II-IV-VI COMPOUNDS |
| DIG 64 | DD | GP II-VI COMPOUNDS |
| DIG 65 | DD | GP III-V (GENERIC) COMPOUNDS-PROCESSING |
| DIG 66 | DD | GP III-V LIQUID PHASE EPITAXY |
| DIG 67 | DD | GRADED ENERGY GAP |
| DIG 68 | DD | GRAPHITE MASKING |
| DIG 69 | DD | GREEN SHEETS |
| DIG 70 | DD | GUARD RINGS AND CMOS |
| DIG 71 | DD | HEATING, SELECTIVE |
| DIG 72 | DD | HETEROJUNCTIONS |
| DIG 73 | DD | HOLLOW BODY |
| DIG 74 | DD | HORIZONTAL MELT SOLIDIFICATION |
| DIG 75 | DD | IMIDE RESISTS |
| DIG 76 | DD | IMPLANT |
| DIG 77 | DD | IMPLANTATION OF SILICON ON SAPPHIRE |
| DIG 78 | DD | IMPURITY REDISTRIBUTION BY OXIDATION |
| DIG 79 | DD | INERT CARRIER GAS |
| DIG 80 | DD | INFRA-RED |
| DIG 81 | DD | INSULATORS |
| DIG 82 | DD | ION IMPLANTATION FETS/COMS |
| DIG 83 | DD | ION IMPLANTATION, GENERAL |
| DIG 84 | DD | ION IMPLANTATION OF COMPOUND DEVICES |
| DIG 85 | DD | ISOLATED-INTEGRATED |
| DIG 86 | DD | ISOLATED ZONES |
| DIG 87 | DD | I2L INTEGRATED INJECTION LOGIC |
| DIG 88 | DD | J-FET (JUNCTION FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR) |
| DIG 89 | DD | JOSEPHSON DEVICES |
| DIG 90 | DD | LASER ANNEAL |
| DIG 91 | DD | LASER BEAM PROCESSING OF FETS |
| DIG 92 | DD | LASER BEAM PROCESSING-DIODES OR TRANSISTOR |
| DIG 93 | DD | LASER BEAM TREATMENT IN GENERAL |
| DIG 94 | DD | LASER BEAM TREATMENT OF COMPOUND DEVICES |
| DIG 95 | DD | LASER DEVICES |
| DIG 96 | DD | LATERAL TRANSISTOR |
| DIG 97 | DD | LATTICE STRAIN AND DEFECTS |
| DIG 98 | DD | LAYER CONVERSION |
| DIG 99 | DD | LED, MULTICOLOR |
| DIG 100 | DD | LIFT-OFF MASKING |
| DIG 101 | DD | LIQUID PHASE EPITAXY LPE |
| DIG 102 | DD | MASK ALIGNMENT |
| DIG 103 | DD | MASK, DUAL FUNCTION E.G., DIFFUSION AND OXIDATION |
| DIG 104 | DD | MASK, MOVABLE |
| DIG 105 | DD | MASKS, METAL |
| DIG 106 | DD | MASKS, SPECIAL |
| DIG 107 | DD | MELT |
| DIG 108 | DD | MELT BACK |
| DIG 109 | DD | MEMORY DEVICES |
| DIG 110 | DD | METAL-ORGANIC CVD (RUEHRWEIN TYPE) |
| DIG 111 | DD | NARROW MASKING |
| DIG 112 | DD | NITRIDATION, DIRECT, OF SILICON |
| DIG 113 | DD | NITRIDES OF BORON OR ALUMINUM OR GALLIUM |
| DIG 114 | DD | NITRIDES OF SILICON |
| DIG 115 | DD | ORIENTATION |
| DIG 116 | DD | OXIDATION, DIFFERENTIAL |
| DIG 117 | DD | OXIDATION, SELECTIVE |
| DIG 118 | DD | OXIDE FILMS |
| DIG 119 | DD | PHOSPHIDES OF GALLIUM OR INDIUM |
| DIG 120 | DD | PHOTOCATHODES-CS COATED AND SOLAR CELL |
| DIG 121 | DD | PLASTIC TEMPERATURE |
| DIG 122 | DD | POLYCRYSTALLINE |
| DIG 123 | DD | POLYCRYSTALLINE DIFFUSE ANNEAL |
| DIG 124 | DD | POLYCRYSTALLINE EMITTER |
| DIG 125 | DD | POLYCRYSTALLINE PASSIVATION |
| DIG 126 | DD | POWER FETS |
| DIG 127 | DD | PROCESS INDUCED DEFECTS |
| DIG 128 | DD | PROTON BOMBARDMENT OF SILICON |
| DIG 129 | DD | PULSE DOPING |
| DIG 130 | DD | PURIFICATION |
| DIG 131 | DD | REACTIVE ION ETCHING RIE |
| DIG 132 | DD | RECOIL IMPLANTATION |
| DIG 133 | DD | REFLOW OXIDES AND GLASSES |
| DIG 134 | DD | REMELT |
| DIG 135 | DD | REMOVAL OF SUBSTRATE |
| DIG 136 | DD | RESISTORS |
| DIG 137 | DD | RESISTS |
| DIG 138 | DD | ROUGHENED SURFACE |
| DIG 139 | DD | SCHOTTKY BARRIER |
| DIG 140 | DD | SCHOTTKY BARRIER CONTACTS |
| DIG 141 | DD | SELF-ALIGNMENT COAT GATE |
| DIG 142 | DD | SEMICONDUCTOR-METAL-SEMICONDUCTOR |
| DIG 143 | DD | SHADOW MASKING |
| DIG 144 | DD | SHALLOW DIFFUSION |
| DIG 145 | DD | SHAPED JUNCTIONS |
| DIG 146 | DD | SHEET RESISTANCE (DOPANT PARAMETERS) |
| DIG 147 | DD | SILICIDES |
| DIG 148 | DD | SILICON CARBIDE |
| DIG 149 | DD | SILICON ON III-V |
| DIG 150 | DD | SILICON ON SAPPHIRE SOS |
| DIG 151 | DD | SIMULTANEOUS DIFFUSION |
| DIG 152 | DD | SINGLE CRYSTAL ON AMORPHOUS SUBSTRATE |
| DIG 153 | DD | SOLAR CELLS-IMPLANTATIONS-LASER BEAM |
| DIG 154 | DD | SOLID PHASE EPITAXY |
| DIG 155 | DD | SOLID SOLUBILITY |
| DIG 156 | DD | SONOS |
| DIG 157 | DD | SPECIAL DIFFUSION AND PROFILES |
| DIG 158 | DD | SPUTTERING |
| DIG 159 | DD | STRAIN GAUGES |
| DIG 160 | DD | SUPERLATTICE |
| DIG 161 | DD | TAPERED EDGES |
| DIG 162 | DD | TESTING STEPS |
| DIG 163 | DD | THICK-THIN OXIDES |
| DIG 164 | DD | THREE DIMENSIONAL PROCESSING |
| DIG 165 | DD | TRANSMUTATION DOPING |
| DIG 166 | DD | TRAVELING SOLVENT METHOD |
| DIG 167 | DD | TWO DIFFUSIONS IN ONE HOLE |
| DIG 168 | DD | V-GROOVES |
| DIG 169 | DD | VACUUM DEPOSITION (INCLUDES MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY |
| DIG 170 | DD | VAPOR-LIQUID-SOLID |
| DIG 171 | DD | VARISTOR |
| DIG 172 | DD | VIDICONS |
| DIG 173 | DD | WASHED EMITTER |
| DIG 174 | DD | ZENER DIODES |