US PATENT SUBCLASS 148 / 240
.~ Processes of coating utilizing a reactive composition which reacts with metal substrate or composition therefore

Current as of: June, 1999
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148 /   HD   METAL TREATMENT

95  DF  PROCESS OF MODIFYING OR MAINTAINING INTERNAL PHYSICAL STRUCTURE (I.E., MICROSTRUCTURE) OR CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL, PROCESS OF REACTIVE COATING OF METAL AND PROCESS OF CHEMICAL-HEAT REMOVING (E.G., FLAME-CUTTING, ETC.) OR BURNING OF METAL {17}
240.~ Processes of coating utilizing a reactive composition which reacts with metal substrate or composition therefore {12}
241  DF  .~.~> Testing or electrical or wave energy utilized
242  DF  .~.~> Molten bath or molten surface utilized during reaction
243  DF  .~.~> Liquid reactive coating composition utilized {16}
276  DF  .~.~> Coating during or after metal oxide formation
277  DF  .~.~> Metal oxide formed after applied coating
278  DF  .~.~> Carbide formation, decarburization or carbonizing
279  DF  .~.~> Contains an atom of boron or silicon that reacts with metal substrate
280  DF  .~.~> Reactive material applied nonuniformly or reacted selectively
281  DF  .~.~> Metal substrate contains elemental Ti, Zr, Nb, Ag, Ta, or W or alloy thereof
282  DF  .~.~> Metal substrate contains elemental copper or alloy thereof
283  DF  .~.~> Contains an atom of halogen, organic material or gaseous sulfur
284  DF  .~.~> Coating composition applied forms oxide coating {3}

DEFINITION

Classification: 148/240

Processes of coating utilizing a reactive composition which reacts with metal substrate or composition therefore:

(under subclass 95) Processes involving forming a layer of a coating on an elemental or alloyed metal substrate by applying thereto a material which reacts with the metal substrate to form a layer in whole or part thereon distinct from the metal, per se, to a composition which reacts with a metal substrate to form a coating thereon and to processes of preparing said reactive coating compositions.

(1) Note. This subclass also includes compositions and processes of preparing same and methods of use which are not specifically provided elsewhere and which perfect the reactive coating processes. The perfecting of the reactive coating process may be either prior or subsequent to the coating process. Included herein are subcombinations where the reactive coating step is not claimed, per se, or wherein the composition or treatment involves a prior reacted metal substrate. In all instances there must be disclosure consistent with a coating process proper for this subclass.

(2) Note. Coating for purposes of this subclass is consistent with the definition of coating as elaborated in Class 427, Coating Processes.

(3) Note. Each of the subclasses under subclass 240 also provides for compositions. In those instances where the process of coating is not claimed or wherein a composition is claimed which is not coextensive with the coating process it is incumbent for proper placement to analyze the claim from the perspective of the step which allows the claim to be proper in subclass 240.

(4) Note. Unless specifically noted as, for instance, that the material is reactive (subclasses 252, 254, and 256) or nonreactive (subclass 248) the material in the coating composition may or may not be reactive with the metal substrate. There must be, however, at least one material in the composition which reacts with the base. For instance, a composition containing a nonreactive dicarboxylic acid and a reactive inorganic phosphorus material is classified in subclasses 253+.

(5) Note. Included herein are processes of coating a nonmetallic material with a metal or alloy coating and subsequently forming a base supplied reacted coating thereon.

(6) Note. This and the indented subclasses do not include case hardening, i.e., carburizing or nitriding processes and compositions therefore. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

206, through 238, for carburizing, nitriding, or both (e.g., carbonitriding) using an externally supplied source of carbon or nitrogen.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate subclass for a coating composition which does not react with a metal substrate to form a coating thereon and wherein the metal substrate does not supply an ingredient of the formed coating.

134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate subclass for processes of cleaning a metal surface.

204, Chemistry, Electrical and Wave Energy,

471+, for electrophoretic or electro-osmotic coating and subclasses 192.12+ for glow discharge sputter deposition. Plural coating processes wherein a Class 148 process precedes or is subsequent to a Class 204 process are proper in Class 204. A process involving electrophoresis, electro-osmosis, or cathode sputtering and wherein a chemical reaction between a metal substrate and a reactive coating material is involved is proper in Class 204.

205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,

67+, for electroforming and subclasses 80+ for electrolytic coating. Plural coating processes wherein a Class 148 process precedes or is subsequent to a Class 205 process are proper in Class 205. A process involving electrolysis and wherein a chemical reaction between a metal substrate and a reactive coating material is involved is proper in Class 205.

252, Compositions,

79.1+, for compositions for treating a metal substrate and wherein the disclosure is silent as to a subsequent chemical reaction with a reactive coating composition and which may react with a metal surface and subclasses 387+ for anticorrosion compositions which may react with a metal surface and which are added to a metal surface indirectly as

through a circulating system rather than directly surface treating the metal with a composition. 427, Coating Processes, appropriate subclass for plural coating, processes wherein none of the steps involves a reaction of a metal or metal substrate with an exteriorly applied chemically reactive coating material. All combinations of plural coating methods, one of which is applied by a Class 148 method, are provided for in Class 148. Metals merely applied to a metal base unless otherwise stated are not considered to result in a reaction and are thus proper for Class 427. Nonmetals, e.g., C, B, Si, P, etc., applied to a metal substrate are considered to result in a chemical reaction unless otherwise stated are proper for Class 148.

428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclass for a coated metal product formed by a process of this subclass, and in particular,

472.1, 472.2 and 473.3.

445, Electrical Lamp or Space Discharge Component or Device Manufacturing,

9+, for creating a deposition layer within a space discharge device by reaction with a gaseous material or aerosol and subclass 14 for coating on a particular base material part or place.

510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses, particularly

245+, for compositions for cleaning a metal substrate and wherein the disclosure is silent as to a subsequent chemical reaction with a reactive coating composition and which may react with a metal surface.

520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclass for a coating composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber and which composition does not react with a metal substrate to form a coating thereon and wherein the metal substrate does not supply an ingredient of the formed coating.