US Patent Class 349
LIQUID CRYSTAL CELLS, ELEMENTS AND SYSTEMS



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Current as of: June, 1999
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  DF  CLASS NOTES
1  DF  LIQUID CRYSTAL SYSTEM
2  DF  .~ Liquid crystal for recording or imaging on photosensitive medium
3  DF  .~.~ Printer or print bar
4  DF  .~.~ Exposure device for lithography
5  DF  .~ Projector including liquid crystal cell (s)
6  DF  .~.~ Overhead projector
7  DF  .~.~ Video/motion picture projector
8  DF  .~.~ Plural light path projectors
9  DF  .~.~.~ Having light separated into S and P polarization
10  DF  .~.~.~ Wherein liquid crystal cells include microencapsulated or polymer dispersed liquid crystal
11  DF  .~ Heads-up display
12  DF  .~ Liquid crystal writing tablet
13  DF  .~ Liquid crystal eyewear (glasses, goggles, etc.)
14  DF  .~.~ For protection
15  DF  .~ Stereoscopic
16  DF  .~ Liquid crystal window
17  DF  .~ Computational system employing liquid crystal element (neural network, correlation device, optical computer)
18  DF  .~ Variable or rotatable retarder used with other retarders to produce filtering effects (Solc, Lyot, Partial)
19  DF  PARTICULAR EXCITATION OF LIQUID CRYSTAL
20  DF  .~ Thermal excitation
21  DF  .~.~ By heating electrode
22  DF  .~.~ By light beam heating (e.g., IR, laser, etc.)
23  DF  .~ Magnetic or pressure excitation
24  DF  .~ Optical excitation
25  DF  .~.~ With photoconductive layer (e.g., spatial light modulator(SLMs))
26  DF  .~.~.~ Of an alloy of S, Se, or Te
27  DF  .~.~.~ With silicon photoconductive layer
28  DF  .~.~.~.~ With silicon photodiode, N-I-N photoconductor structure, or P-I-P photoconductor structure
29  DF  .~.~.~ With particular light blocking layer for separating read and write lights
30  DF  .~.~.~ With particular dielectric mirror for spatial light modulator (i.e., SLM)
31  DF  .~ Electron beam excitation
32  DF  .~ Plasma excitation
33  DF  .~ Electrical excitation of liquid crystal (i.e., particular voltage pulses, AC vs. DC, threshold voltages, etc.)
34  DF  .~.~ With application of holding or bias voltage (i.e., voltage which does not change the optical state of the liquid crystal)
35  DF  .~.~ For driving Grandjean to focal conic or dynamic scattering type liquid crystal
36  DF  .~.~ Including diverse driving frequencies
37  DF  .~.~ Polarity based driving
38  DF  .~.~ With supplemental capacitor
39  DF  .~.~.~ In active matrix with separate dedicated capacitor line
40  DF  .~.~ With antistatic elements
41  DF  .~.~ With particular switching device
42  DF  .~.~.~ Transistor
43  DF  .~.~.~.~ Structure of transistor
44  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With light block conductively connected to transistor
45  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Transferred transistor
46  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With particular gate electrode structure
47  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ With gate electrode between liquid crystal and semiconductor layer
48  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural nonredundant transistors per pixel
49  DF  .~.~.~ Two terminal nonlinear switching device (e.g., N-I-N, S-I-S, Ferroelectric, etc.)
50  DF  .~.~.~.~ Diode
51  DF  .~.~.~.~ Metal-insulator-metal (i.e., MIM)
52  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With particular insulating layer
53  DF  .~.~.~.~ Varistor
54  DF  .~.~ Matrix including additional element (s) which correct or compensate for electrical fault
55  DF  .~.~.~ Laser links
56  DF  PARTICULAR STRUCTURE
57  DF  .~ Lens or prism separate from projection system (i.e., it is not integral part of illumination system)
58  DF  .~ Holder, support, frame, or housing
59  DF  .~.~ Including electromagnetic shielding
60  DF  .~.~ Including resilient support member
61  DF  .~ Particular illumination
62  DF  .~.~ With integral optical element for guiding or distributing light from the light source
63  DF  .~.~.~ Specifically for guiding light in a front-lit device
64  DF  .~.~.~ Diffuser between light source and liquid crystal
65  DF  .~.~.~ Edge lit type light guide behind liquid crystal
66  DF  .~.~.~ Louvres
67  DF  .~.~.~ Reflector having particular shape behind light source
68  DF  .~.~ With plural diverse light sources (e.g., for day and night)
69  DF  .~.~ Electroluminescent light source
70  DF  .~.~ Fluorescent light source
71  DF  .~.~.~ Formed of planar phosphor or fluorescent layer separate from illumination source
72  DF  .~ Detector of liquid crystal temperature
73  DF  .~ Interconnection of plural cells in parallel (e.g., edge to edge)
74  DF  .~ Interconnection of plural cells in series
75  DF  .~.~ For compensation of birefringence effects
76  DF  .~.~.~ Of twisted (or chiral) nematic or supertwisted nematic liquid crystal
77  DF  .~.~ With particular cooperation between cells (e.g., alternating selection or simultaneous selection of cells)
78  DF  .~.~.~ Cell cooperation providing multicolor display
79  DF  .~.~.~.~ With color formed by different dye in each cell
80  DF  .~.~.~.~ With color formed by different color polarizer or color filter associated with each cell
81  DF  .~.~.~ With cells being substantially identical and driven simultaneously, providing improved contrast
82  DF  .~.~.~ With projection of electrodes in one cell substantially nonoverlapping that of another cell (i.e., for improving resolution)
83  DF  .~.~.~ With each cell displaying a different pattern
84  DF  .~ Having significant detail of cell structure only
85  DF  .~.~ Producing a greyscale effect
86  DF  .~.~ Microencapsulated or polymer dispersed liquid crystal
87  DF  .~.~.~ For variable polarizer
88  DF  .~.~.~ Polymer network liquid crystal
89  DF  .~.~.~ With particular encapsulating medium
90  DF  .~.~.~.~ With second material between liquid crystal and encapsulating medium
91  DF  .~.~.~.~ With nonpolymer encapsulating medium
92  DF  .~.~.~ Formed by particular technique
93  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having UV polymerized element
94  DF  .~.~.~.~ Formed with particular alignment technique
95  DF  .~.~ Microlenses
96  DF  .~.~ Polarizer
97  DF  .~.~.~ Color
98  DF  .~.~.~ Circular
99  DF  .~.~.~ With particular non-zero angle between polarization axis and orientation direction
100  DF  .~.~.~.~ For ferroelectric liquid crystal
101  DF  .~.~.~.~ For supertwisted nematic liquid crystal
102  DF  .~.~.~ With particular non-zero angle between polarization axis and compensator optical axis
103  DF  .~.~.~ With particular non-zero and non-90 angle between opposite polarization axes
104  DF  .~.~ Filter
105  DF  .~.~.~ Interference filter
106  DF  .~.~.~ Color filter
107  DF  .~.~.~.~ With different liquid crystal thickness for each color of filter
108  DF  .~.~.~.~ With plural colors for each display element (i.e., each pixel or segment)
109  DF  .~.~.~.~ With unequal areas for different colors or with fractional shift between one line of colors and the next
110  DF  .~.~.~ Opaque mask or black mask
111  DF  .~.~.~.~ Conductive mask
112  DF  .~.~ Diffuser (on viewer side of liquid crystal)
113  DF  .~.~ Reflector
114  DF  .~.~.~ Dielectric mirror (i.e., in devices excited other than by photoconductive layer) or transflector
115  DF  .~.~.~ Cholesteric reflector
116  DF  .~.~ Photoconductive element (i.e., not used for exciting)
117  DF  .~.~ Compensator or retarder (i.e., not using liquid crystal cell)
118  DF  .~.~.~ With refractive indices in the x, y, and z directions
119  DF  .~.~.~ Multiple compensators
120  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including at least one with negative intrinsic birefringence
121  DF  .~.~.~ With particular non-zero angle between compensator optical axis and orientation direction
122  DF  .~.~ Particular nonoptical film or layer (e.g., adhesive layer, barrier layer)
123  DF  .~.~.~ Alignment layer
124  DF  .~.~.~.~ Formed by particular technique (e.g., Langmuir Blodgett, stretching, etc.)
125  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having particular deposited structure (e.g., angled, plural layered) produced by vapor deposition
126  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having structure produced by rubbing under particular rubbing conditions (e.g., particular direction, rubbing force, by using named rubbing material or roller, etc.)
127  DF  .~.~.~.~ Formed of a liquid crystal material
128  DF  .~.~.~.~ With different alignments on opposite substrates
129  DF  .~.~.~.~ With plural alignments on the same substrate
130  DF  .~.~.~.~ For perpendicular alignment
131  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Silanes
132  DF  .~.~.~.~ For parallel alignment
133  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With chiral smectic liquid crystal (includes ferroelectric liquid crystal)
134  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ With particular pretilt angle from the alignment layer
135  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ With particular polymer composition of the alignment layer (e.g., fluorine- containing aliphatic polyamide)
136  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With particular pretilt angle (i.e., with liquid crystal other than chiral smectic)
137  DF  .~.~.~ Antireflection layer
138  DF  .~.~.~ Insulating layer
139  DF  .~.~ Electrode or bus detail (i.e., excluding supplemental capacitor and transistor electrodes)
140  DF  .~.~.~ Formed of semiconductor material
141  DF  .~.~.~ Interdigited (comb-shaped) electrodes
142  DF  .~.~.~ Segmented or fixed pattern
143  DF  .~.~.~ Matrix electrodes
144  DF  .~.~.~.~ Split pixels
145  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nonrectilinear rows and columns
146  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nonrectangular (odd) shaped pixels
147  DF  .~.~.~.~ Multilayer electrodes
148  DF  .~.~.~.~ Resistance reducing electrodes
149  DF  .~.~.~ Having connection detail to external circuit
150  DF  .~.~.~.~ Featuring flexible circuit (i.e., tape automated bonding (TAB), etc.)
151  DF  .~.~.~.~ With driving circuit having input and output electrodes on liquid crystal substrate
152  DF  .~.~.~.~ With detail of terminals to external circuit
153  DF  .~.~ Liquid crystal seal
154  DF  .~.~.~ With particular injection port or injection plug
155  DF  .~.~ Spacer
156  DF  .~.~.~ Formed as walls (e.g., between pixels) or integral with substrate
157  DF  .~.~.~ Plural types in single liquid crystal cell
158  DF  .~.~ Substrate
159  DF  .~.~.~ Fiberoptic faceplate
160  DF  .~.~.~ With particular topology (i.e., other than for diffraction and spacers)
161  DF  .~.~ Heating or cooling element other than for exciting
162  DF  .~.~ Dual function layer or element
163  DF  .~.~ Nonchiral additive in the liquid crystal material
164  DF  .~.~.~ Fluorescent additive
165  DF  .~.~.~ Pleochroic dye
166  DF  .~.~.~ Nonspacer particles significantly smaller than liquid crystal thickness (e.g., scattering centers, ferromagnetic particles, etc.)
167  DF  WITH SPECIFIED NONCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL
168  DF  .~ Utilizing change between diverse phases (e.g., cholesteric to nematic)
169  DF  .~ Utilizing change within liquid crystal phase (e.g., Grandjean to focal conic, etc.)
170  DF  .~ Utilizing reversal in sign of dielectric anisotropy
171  DF  .~ Within smectic phase
172  DF  .~.~ Within chiral smectic phase (includes ferroelectric)
173  DF  .~.~.~ Greyscale resulting from liquid crystal property other than solely Smectic A
174  DF  .~.~.~ Antiferroelectric
175  DF  .~ Within cholesteric phase
176  DF  .~.~ Using reflection characteristic
177  DF  .~ Within nematic phase
178  DF  .~.~ Negative dielectric anisotropy only
179  DF  .~.~ Twisted (or chiral) nematic or supertwisted nematic
180  DF  .~.~.~ Having particular parameter of twist
181  DF  .~.~.~ Having particular birefringence or retardation
182  DF  CELL CONTAINING LIQUID CRYSTAL OF SPECIFIC COMPOSITION
183  DF  .~ Polymer liquid crystal
184  DF  .~ In smectic phase
185  DF  .~ In cholesteric phase
186  DF  .~ In nematic phase
187  DF  NOMINAL MANUFACTURING METHODS OR POST MANUFACTURING PROCESSING OF LIQUID CRYSTAL CELL
188  DF  .~ Changing liquid crystal phase
189  DF  .~ Injecting liquid crystal
190  DF  .~ Sealing of liquid crystal
191  DF  .~ Aligning liquid crystal with means other than alignment layer
192  DF  .~ Defect correction or compensation
193  DF  LIQUID CRYSTAL OPTICAL ELEMENT
194  DF  .~ Passive liquid crystal polarizer
195  DF  .~ Antidazzle mirror formed from liquid crystal cell
196  DF  .~ Beam dividing switch formed from liquid crystal cell
197  DF  .~.~ Including passive liquid crystal switch portion
198  DF  .~ Liquid crystal etalon
199  DF  .~ Liquid crystal sensors (e.g., voltmeters, pressure sensors, temperature sensors)
200  DF  .~ Liquid crystal lenses other than for eyewear
201  DF  .~ Liquid crystal diffraction element
202  DF  .~.~ For beam steering
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FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
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FOR 100  DF  .~ With particular illumination (359/48)
FOR 101  DF  .~.~ Having optical element (e.g., curved reflector behind light source, etc.) (359/49)
FOR 102  DF  .~.~ Fluorescent light (e.g., FLAD type) (359/50)
FOR 103  DF  .~ Microencapsulated liquid crystal (359/51)
FOR 104  DF  .~.~ With particular encapsulating medium (359/52)
FOR 105  DF  .~ Plural contiguous cells (359/53)
FOR 106  DF  .~ Having electrodes arranged into rows and columns (359/54)
FOR 107  DF  .~.~ With liquid crystal electrode excitation (359/55)
FOR 108  DF  .~.~.~ For ferroelectric liquid crystal (359/56)
FOR 109  DF  .~.~.~ With particular switching device (359/57)
FOR 110  DF  .~.~ With particular switching device (359/58)
FOR 111  DF  .~.~.~ Transistor (359/59)
FOR 112  DF  .~.~.~ Diode (359/60)
FOR 113  DF  .~ Having particular nonelectrical detail of cell structure enclosing or adjacent liquid crystal material (359/62)
FOR 114  DF  .~.~ Polarizer (359/63)
FOR 115  DF  .~.~.~ Color (359/64)
FOR 116  DF  .~.~.~ Circular (359/65)
FOR 117  DF  .~.~ Diffuser (359/69)
FOR 118  DF  .~.~.~ Dielectric mirror or transflector (359/71)
FOR 119  DF  .~.~ Particular nonoptical film or layer (e.g., adhesive layer, barrier layer, etc.) (359/74)
FOR 120  DF  .~.~.~ Alignment layer (359/75)
FOR 121  DF  .~.~.~.~ Formed by particular technique (e.g., vapor deposition, rubbing, etc.) (359/76)
FOR 122  DF  .~.~.~.~ For perpendicular alignment (359/77)
FOR 123  DF  .~.~.~.~ For parallel alignment (359/78)
FOR 124  DF  .~.~ Substrate (359/82)
FOR 125  DF  .~.~ Holder, support, or frame (359/83)
FOR 126  DF  .~ With specified electrode excitation characteristic of liquid crystal material (359/84)
FOR 127  DF  .~.~ Provided by particular circuit (359/85)
FOR 128  DF  .~ With detector of liquid crystal temperature (359/86)
FOR 129  DF  .~ Electrode detail (359/87)
FOR 130  DF  .~.~ Reversal in sign of dielectric anisotropy (359/92)
FOR 131  DF  .~ Birefringers effect (359/93)
FOR 132  DF  .~ Variable index of refraction (359/94)
FOR 133  DF  .~ Variable diffraction (359/95)
FOR 134  DF  .~ Variable absorption of light due to an additive in the liquid crystal material (359/96)
FOR 135  DF  .~.~ Flurescent additive (359/97)
FOR 136  DF  .~.~ Pleochroic dye (359/98)
FOR 137  DF  .~ With specified nonchemical characteristic of liquid crystal material (359/99)
FOR 138  DF  .~.~ Within smectic phase (359/100)
FOR 139  DF  .~.~ Within cholestric phase (359/101)
FOR 140  DF  .~.~ Within nematic phase (359/102)
FOR 141  DF  .~ Cell containing liquid crystal of specified composition (359/103)
FOR 142  DF  .~.~ In smectic phase (359/104)
FOR 143  DF  .~.~ In cholesteric phase (359/105)
FOR 144  DF  .~.~ In nematic phase (359/106)