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| DF | CLASS NOTES | |
| 1 | DF | TORQUE RESPONSIVE NUT OR BOLT DRIVING CONNECTION |
| 2 | DF | .~ Frangible connection |
| 3 | DF | .~.~ Between concentric elements |
| 4 | DF | .~.~.~ Shear pin connecting means |
| 5 | DF | .~.~.~ Axially displaced |
| 6 | DF | .~ Resilient connection |
| 7 | DF | .~.~ Ratchet |
| 8 | DF | WITH MEANS TO INDICATE APPLICATION OF PREDETERMINED STRESS-STRAIN |
| 9 | DF | .~ Axially deformable member or portion |
| 10 | DF | .~.~ Deformable washer |
| 11 | DF | .~.~.~ Resilient |
| 12 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Coil spring |
| 13 | DF | .~ Color indicator |
| 14 | DF | .~ Including gauge means |
| 14.5 | DD | TENSIONED ALONG THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS BY A COAXIAL FORCE APPLYING DEVICE (E.G., MECHANICAL TENSIONER) |
| 15 | DF | HAVING SEPARATE EXPANDER MEANS |
| 16 | DF | .~ Helical anchor |
| 17 | DF | .~.~ Mates with mandrel thread |
| 18 | DF | .~.~ With wedge-shaped expander |
| 19 | DF | .~ Fluent pressure actuated |
| 20 | DF | .~.~ Explosive |
| 21 | DF | .~ Having securing element projecting through aperture in sleeve |
| 22 | DF | .~.~ Deformable element |
| 23 | DF | .~.~.~ Flowable mass |
| 24 | DF | .~ Oppositely acting double wedge expander means |
| 25 | DF | .~.~ Outwardly moving |
| 26 | DF | .~.~ Both wedges provided with thread cooperating means |
| 27 | DF | .~.~ Having rotation preventing means |
| 28 | DF | .~.~.~ Groove and follower |
| 29 | DF | .~ With hole forming means |
| 30 | DF | .~.~ Formed on expansible sleeve |
| 31 | DF | .~.~.~ Serrated end |
| 34 | DF | .~ Bulged by axially contracting ends |
| 35 | DF | .~.~ Having wedge-shaped section acting in slot |
| 36 | DF | .~.~ Twistable sleeve |
| 37 | DF | .~.~ Bulged portion having additional gripping means |
| 38 | DF | .~.~ Bulged portion including bend line or reduced section |
| 39 | DF | .~ Frangible member |
| 40 | DF | .~.~ Frangibly connected expander |
| 41 | DF | .~.~.~ Projecting outwardly from head |
| 42 | DF | .~.~ Sleeve including weakened portion |
| 43 | DF | .~.~ Frangible mandrel |
| 44 | DF | .~ Including sleeve and distinct tapered expander (e.g., anchor bolt type) |
| 45 | DF | .~.~ And means to captively retain expander |
| 46 | DF | .~.~.~ Follower captive within groove |
| 47 | DF | .~.~.~ Bridge-type retainer |
| 48 | DF | .~.~.~ Tongue-type retainer |
| 49 | DF | .~.~ Relative rotation preventing means |
| 50 | DF | .~.~.~ Guide and follower |
| 51 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Splines |
| 52 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Follower defined by corners of polygonal element |
| 53 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Expander type |
| 54 | DF | .~.~ Expansible element moved relative to stationary expander |
| 54.1 | DD | .~.~.~ Spread by pressing element over initially inserted expander (e.g., push type) |
| 56 | DF | .~.~ Stepped expander |
| 70 | DF | .~.~ Expander having integral pull stem |
| 57.1 | DD | .~.~ Slotted sleeve spread by tapered expander |
| 61 | DF | .~.~.~ Folded blank type |
| 58 | DF | .~.~.~ Both ends slotted |
| 59 | DF | .~.~.~ Slot spaced from ends |
| 60.1 | DD | .~.~.~ Expander moved into stationary sleeve (i.e., pull type) |
| 60.2 | DD | .~.~.~.~ Threaded expander |
| 60.3 | DD | .~.~.~.~ Including a hinge or hinge-like portion |
| 62 | DF | .~.~.~ Slot angularly related to sleeve axis |
| 63 | DF | .~.~ Plural-sectioned sleeve |
| 64 | DF | .~.~.~ Having section retainer |
| 65 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Ring or sleeve type |
| 66 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Destructible |
| 67 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Bight type |
| 68 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Tongue and groove |
| 69 | DF | .~.~ Expander or sleeve extruded during expansion |
| 71 | DF | .~.~ Sleeve having external gripping means |
| 72 | DF | .~.~.~ Circumferential rib |
| 73 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And longitudinal rib |
| 74 | DF | .~.~.~ Struck from sleeve |
| 55 | DF | .~ Threaded expander |
| 75 | DF | .~ Relatively sliding wedge surfaces |
| 76 | DF | .~.~ Wedge received in transverse slot in holding device or anchor |
| 77 | DF | .~.~.~ Double-faced wedge |
| 78 | DF | .~.~ Having wedge retainer means |
| 79 | DF | .~.~ Wedge surfaces act in single lateral direction |
| 80 | DF | .~.~ Including discrete activating means for wedge |
| 80.1 | DD | .~ Comprising a head and expandable portions spread by fastener (e.g., drywall anchor) |
| 80.2 | DD | .~.~ Three or more expandable portions |
| 80.5 | DD | .~ Sleeve type (headless) with longitudinal slot, slit, or split expanded by fastener |
| 80.6 | DD | .~.~ Sleeve threaded |
| 32 | DF | .~ Made up of plural expansible segments or sections |
| 33 | DF | .~.~ Identical segments |
| 82 | DF | MADE, MODIFIED, OR PREPARED FOR SETTABLE MATERIAL |
| 82.1 | DD | .~ Injected after fastener placement |
| 82.2 | DD | .~ Adhesive coating |
| 82.3 | DD | .~ Adhesive encapsulated |
| 82.5 | DD | TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE OR RESPONSIVE |
| 81 | DF | THREADED FASTENER LOCKED TO A DISCREET STRUCTURE (E.G., PLATE, RAIL, WHEEL) |
| 84 | DF | .~ Prefabricated assembly comprising strip or sheet member carrying plural, similar fasteners |
| 85 | DF | .~.~ Including element for holding fasteners against separation from member |
| 86 | DF | .~ Including a series of elements, one element restricting two fasteners of a plurality, and the remainder each restricting one fastener |
| 87 | DF | .~ Elongate member extending between and interlocking plural bolts or nuts |
| 88 | DF | .~.~ Member engages inwardly facing surface and a flat side of bolt head or nut |
| 89 | DF | .~ Member extending between plural fasteners and restricting the rotation thereof in one direction more than the other (e.g., pawl and ratchet) |
| 90 | DF | .~ Member extending between and engaging flat formed on side of each of a plurality of bolts or nuts (e.g., side lock) |
| 91 | DF | .~.~ And element on opposite face of substructure restricting rotation of a cooperating nut or bolt |
| 92 | DF | .~.~ Having plural openings or notches engaging a bolt or nut on two sides |
| 93 | DF | .~.~.~ Having plural parts, one of which engages the inwardly facing surface of a bolt head or nut |
| 94 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Special fishplate engaging inwardly facing surface |
| 95 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Elastically or plastically deformable part |
| 96 | DF | .~.~.~ Having plural parts, one comprising a keeper |
| 97 | DF | .~.~.~ Unitary member, deformable in whole or in part |
| 98 | DF | .~.~ And engaging the inwardly facing surface of the bolt heads or nuts |
| 99 | DF | .~.~ Including separable keeper for member |
| 100 | DF | .~.~ Including element spacing member from substructure |
| 101 | DF | .~ Locked by a piece abutting inwardly facing surfaces of a plurality of nuts or bolt heads |
| 102 | DF | .~ Locked by a piece connecting two consecutive fasteners |
| 103 | DF | .~ Multipart nut assembly with one member attached to structure or substructure |
| 104 | DF | .~.~ Through-passage or recess having laterally extending entry for inserting member and nut |
| 105 | DF | .~.~ And a second substructure and means for capturing a complementary nut or bolt thereto |
| 106 | DF | .~.~ Having means for coupling a bolt to a nut (e.g., thread lock) |
| 107 | DF | .~.~ Member anchors bolt in substructure with threaded portion exposed (e.g., stud bolt) |
| 108 | DF | .~.~ Nut-encompassing sleeve member engaged within through-passage or recess |
| 109 | DF | .~.~ Locking ring coaxially related to an elongated, externally threaded nut |
| 110 | DF | .~.~ Member comprises a longitudinal key |
| 111 | DF | .~.~ Member includes elastically or plastically deformable portion |
| 112 | DF | .~.~.~ Having elastically deformable portion for attaching member to substructure |
| 113 | DF | .~.~.~ Plastically deformable portion |
| 114 | DF | .~ Locked by pawl and toothed or tooth-like piece |
| 115 | DF | .~.~ Having discrete, reciprocably movable pawl |
| 116 | DF | .~ Head or nut side face held by discrete member (e.g., side lock) |
| 117 | DF | .~.~ Adjunct carried flat or formaton |
| 118 | DF | .~.~ And thread lock coupling complementary fasteners |
| 119 | DF | .~.~ Member having opening or notch engaging a bolt head or nut on two sides |
| 120 | DF | .~.~.~ And element maintaining member in operative engagement with bolt head or nut |
| 121 | DF | .~.~.~ Member elastically or plastically deformable for attaching it to bolt head or nut |
| 122 | DF | .~.~ Member having portion (e.g., tab) deformable in situ into engagement with flat or formation |
| 123 | DF | .~.~.~ And having specific structure to coact with substructure |
| 124 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Projection on member and coacting formation in substructure |
| 125 | DF | .~.~ Sheet metal member having resilient pawl distorted therefrom |
| 126 | DF | .~.~.~ Member includes means which attempt to penetrate substructure |
| 127 | DF | .~.~.~ Member abuts coacting part on substructure |
| 128 | DF | .~.~ Member, or portion thereof, comprises movable pawl |
| 129 | DF | .~.~ Member engages inwardly facing surface of bolt head or nut |
| 130 | DF | .~.~.~ And is formed from plural, cooperating parts |
| 131 | DF | .~.~.~ And has specific structure to coact with substructure |
| 132 | DF | .~ Lock washer-type member located between substructure and bolt head or nut |
| 133 | DF | .~.~ Member fixed to bolt shank, and member or bolt fixed to substructure |
| 134 | DF | .~.~ Means holding member to bolt, nut or substructure prior to use |
| 135 | DF | .~.~.~ By discrete element |
| 136 | DF | .~.~ Member comprises looplike element (e.g., washer) interlocked with additional element, one of them engaging substructure or surface in other than planar, face-to-face contact |
| 137 | DF | .~.~.~ Two looplike elements interlocked by laterally introduced key |
| 138 | DF | .~.~.~ Pawl element, movably carried by looplike element, coacts with ratchet on surface |
| 139 | DF | .~.~.~ Laterally introduced key locks looplike element to surface |
| 140 | DF | .~.~ Elongate member moves in longitudinally extending opening in bolt head or nut to enter substructure |
| 141 | DF | .~.~ Locking dog or pawl carried by bolt head or nut and engaging substructure |
| 142 | DF | .~.~ Key introduced laterally at juncture of surface and substructure |
| 143 | DF | .~.~ Formations on either member or surface, and cooperative, restricting means on the other |
| 144 | DF | .~.~.~ Formations on surface, means on member, one of which presents a sharp-edged configuration |
| 145 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Formations comprise ramplike teeth, means comprises a movable pawl |
| 146 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ And substructure accommodation for member portion |
| 147 | DF | .~.~ Member comprises washer formed as closed loop or apertured plate or as split ring |
| 148 | DF | .~.~.~ Engaging side wall of counterbore in substructure |
| 149 | DF | .~.~.~ Plural, axially adjacent washers, or plural part washer |
| 150 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Having one washer, or washer part, of a more yieldable nature than another washer, or part |
| 151 | DF | .~.~.~ Split ring having radially outwardly extending end |
| 152 | DF | .~.~.~ Ends of split ring overlap in stressed condition |
| 153 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Overlap of at least 180 degrees (e.g., coil) |
| 154 | DF | .~.~.~ Apertured plate of uniform thickness having undulating contact surfaces |
| 155 | DF | .~.~.~ Apertured plate having arched sectional configuration (e.g., concavo convex) |
| 156 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Arched configuration circumscribes aperture |
| 157 | DF | .~.~.~ Split ring having opposed ends offset axially |
| 158 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Contact surface contains a plurality of generally radially extending ridges or grooves removed from the ends |
| 159 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Cross section other than rectangular |
| 160 | DF | .~.~.~ Closed loop having plural variations in the profile of a contact surface or a peripheral edge thereof |
| 161 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Variations comprise generally radially extending ridges or grooves |
| 162 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Variations comprise circumferentially spaced projections or recesses inset from both peripheries |
| 163 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Variations are teeth located along a periphery |
| 164 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Both peripheries |
| 165 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Each twisted about its radial axis |
| 166 | DF | .~ Design of fastener or substructure restricts rotation (e.g., flattened head rotatable in receiving slot, depression in substructure, bolt clipped to substructure) |
| 167 | DF | .~.~ Locknut type on fastener |
| 168 | DF | .~.~ Including a lock thread |
| 169 | DF | .~.~ Mass of bolt head or nut offset from fastener longitudinal axis |
| 170 | DF | .~.~ Nut and washer type formed from single blank folded over substructure |
| 171 | DF | .~.~ Bolt or nut adapted to be fused directly to substructure (e.g., weld nut) |
| 172 | DF | .~ Nut having a portion for attachment to substructure |
| 173 | DF | .~.~.~ Means to engage extends through aperture |
| 174 | DF | .~.~.~ Means to engage grasps an edge of substructure |
| 175 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And has projection contacting periphery of aperture |
| 176 | DF | .~.~ Fastener having a deformable portion or deforms substructure (e.g., prong) |
| 177 | DF | .~.~.~ Nut assembled to substructure utilizing cooperating regions on both |
| 178 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nut is externally and internally threaded cylinder |
| 179 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nut penetrates substructure and anchors itself thereto (e.g., pierce nut) |
| 180 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nut deforms wall of preformed opening in substructure during assembly |
| 181 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Both cooperating regions deformed |
| 182 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Nonmetallic nut, resiliently deformed during assembly |
| 183 | DF | .~.~.~ Nut assembled to substructure by plastically deformable region on nut |
| 184 | DF | .~.~.~ Region on inwardly facing surface of bolt head or nut |
| 185 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Surface extends radially beyond flat sides of bolt head or nut |
| 186 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ And includes resilient flange |
| 187 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Having axially directed projection or recess |
| 188 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Plural, radially extending, and generally equally spaced |
| 189 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Surface deforms resiliently |
| 190 | DF | HAVING STRUCTURE TO RESTRICT ROTATION OF THREADED, MATING PIECES (E.G., NUT LOCK) |
| 191 | DF | .~ Structure contacts nut piece side and is fixed to the nut |
| 192 | DF | .~.~ And contacts mating piece side |
| 193 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a discrete element |
| 194 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With a discrete, resilient element |
| 195 | DF | .~.~.~ Other element is a bolt, and member includes opening configured to engage side flat thereon |
| 196 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And further includes spaced, axially extending legs for engaging side flats on the nut |
| 197 | DF | .~.~ Structure is coaxial, distinct member (e.g., washer) that restricts nut piece when fixed |
| 198 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a discrete element |
| 199 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Member comprises key movable laterally into engagement with threaded elements |
| 200 | DF | .~.~.~ Member comprises key movable laterally into engagement with threaded elements |
| 201 | DF | .~.~.~ Member includes plastically deformable portion |
| 202 | DF | .~.~ Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the member, or of a discrete element |
| 203 | DF | .~.~.~ With a discrete, resilient element |
| 204 | DF | .~ Structure is coaxial, distinct member (e.g., washer, key, or nut portion) that restricts nut piece |
| 205 | DF | .~.~ Member includes pawl- or pivoting key-type portion engaging threads |
| 206 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a discrete element |
| 207 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With a discrete, resilient element |
| 208 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ And key engageable with aligned formations (e.g., grooves) in axially outwardly facing portion of each threaded element |
| 209 | DF | .~.~ Member includes key, screw, tongue, etc. perpendicular to threads |
| 210 | DF | .~.~.~ Utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a discrete element |
| 211 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With a discrete, resilient element |
| 212 | DF | .~.~.~ Including plastically deformable portion |
| 213 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Comprising an elongated element divided longitudinally (e.g., a cotter pin) |
| 214 | DF | .~.~ Member includes screw receivable in an axially extending, internally threaded bore |
| 215 | DF | .~.~.~ With an additional member between screw and axially outwardly facing portion |
| 216 | DF | .~.~ Member or portion includes an axially disposed key |
| 217 | DF | .~.~.~ Key coacts with bolt by occupying an axially extending recess formed in the radially outward surface thereof |
| 218 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And includes a portion adapted to extend into a transverse opening provided in the bolt |
| 219 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And includes a portion adapted to engage a substantial part of the periphery of the bolt |
| 220 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And includes a region plastically deformable into engagement with the axially outwardly facing portion |
| 221 | DF | .~.~ Member or portion includes piece that interlocks with an axially extending recess or slot in a bolt and a recess in an axially outwardly facing side of a nut |
| 222 | DF | .~.~ Internally threaded locking member (e.g., jam nut) |
| 223 | DF | .~.~.~ Including means associated with at least one of the nuts for restricting rotation therebetween |
| 224 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Key received in part in each of the nuts |
| 225 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Including a plastically deformable portion |
| 226 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Received in axially extending passages or recesses |
| 227 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Comprising one or more discrete members serving as a pawl and ratchet |
| 228 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Inherently resilient pawl |
| 229 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Axially directed, resiliently biased detent means |
| 230 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Canted element |
| 231 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With means resiliently biasing the nuts apart |
| 232 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Side lock |
| 233 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Integral deformable means |
| 234 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ By a discrete element |
| 235 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Periphery encompassing means (e.g., a sleeve) |
| 236 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Including plastic deformation (e.g., bending) of the discrete element |
| 237 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Having a part of one of the nuts extending into a circular, axially directed recess of the other, and further including, in the region of the recess, formations cooperating to restrict relative rotation |
| 238 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ At least one of the formations comprises a surface eccentric to the longitudinal axis of the nuts |
| 239 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including cooperating formations on the axially opposing portions of the nuts |
| 240 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Comprising teeth of the ramp and buttress type |
| 241 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Comprising surfaces of a curvilinear nature |
| 242 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Plastic deformation of at least one of the nuts |
| 243 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Reversed internal and external threads on one of the nuts |
| 244 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Oppositely threaded |
| 245 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Intersecting threads on the bolt |
| 246 | DF | .~.~ By thread-gripping locking element |
| 247 | DF | .~.~.~ Resilient grip |
| 248 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Split ring |
| 249 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Including structure interfitting within a thread for less than a full turn thereof |
| 250 | DF | .~.~.~ Wire structure |
| 251 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Helically coiled wire |
| 252 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Including a free end in nonrotational engagement with the threaded element |
| 253 | DF | .~.~.~ Gripping member includes a tapered section adapted to be axially depressed to cause radial movement of a portion thereof |
| 254 | DF | .~.~.~ Gripping member is moved radially into engagement with the threads |
| 255 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including discrete means to move or to lock the gripping member relative to the externally threaded element |
| 256 | DF | .~.~.~ Gripping member is moved tangentially into engagement with the threads |
| 257 | DF | .~ Including material in the nature of (1) a metallic coating, (2) a quantity of fusible metal or (3) a discrete member formed of ductile metal |
| 258 | DF | .~ Including settable material |
| 259 | DF | .~ Comprising a thread lock |
| 260 | DF | .~.~ Including a distortable metallic washer or sleeve |
| 261 | DF | .~.~.~ In the nature of a dished washer |
| 262 | DF | .~.~ Including a coil spring |
| 263 | DF | .~.~ Differential thread means |
| 264 | DF | .~.~ Rocking thread section on the externally threaded element |
| 265 | DF | .~.~ Including a tapered (e.g., a conical) surface for wedging the internally threaded element against the externally threaded one |
| 266 | DF | .~.~.~ Segmented internally threaded element |
| 267 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Discrete segments carried within a housing |
| 268 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including a discrete, threaded member carrying the tapered surface and threadedly engaging one of the threaded elements |
| 269 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Engaging a threaded exterior provided on the segmented element |
| 270 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including a sleeve or washer type member for carrying the tapered surface and surrounding the segmented element |
| 271 | DF | .~.~ Externally threaded element includes an axially extending opening in its free end for receiving an expander member |
| 272 | DF | .~.~ Including camming surfaces on the threaded elements or on an additional member |
| 273 | DF | .~.~.~ With a camming member having an eccentrically arranged recess for receiving the internally threaded element |
| 274 | DF | .~.~ Having an element, or with a discrete member, adapted to cant the assembly |
| 275 | DF | .~.~.~ With a discrete, canting member (e.g., a washer) |
| 276 | DF | .~.~ Having the internally threaded element distorted |
| 277 | DF | .~.~.~ Radially inward distortion |
| 278 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With discrete means carried by the element for producing the distortion |
| 279 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Threaded means |
| 280 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Of cantilevered segments (e.g., castellated end) |
| 281 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Of circumferentially spaced areas of continuous periphery |
| 282 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Defining a smooth curving, noncircular thread section (e.g., elliptically shaped) |
| 283 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Impacted areas |
| 284 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Located on the flats of a polygonally shaped element |
| 285 | DF | .~.~.~ Axial distortion |
| 286 | DF | .~.~.~.~ With discrete means carried by the element for producing the distortion |
| 287 | DF | .~.~.~.~ By axially directed impacted areas |
| 288 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Of axially spaced threaded sections |
| 289 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Coiled spring |
| 290 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including a region displaceable generally axially relative to another part of the element |
| 291 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Having at least one region formed by a cut, slot, etc., across at least one sidewall of the element and extending generally radially into the element |
| 292 | DF | .~.~ Including a longitudinal locking member |
| 293 | DF | .~.~.~ Having a toothed surface |
| 294 | DF | .~.~ Including a radial locking member |
| 295 | DF | .~.~.~ Threadedly received in the internally threaded element |
| 296 | DF | .~.~ Side clutch |
| 297 | DF | .~.~.~ Roller |
| 298 | DF | .~.~.~ Ball |
| 299 | DF | .~.~.~ Spring |
| 300 | DF | .~.~ Tangential locking member |
| 301 | DF | .~.~ Elastic gripping action |
| 302 | DF | .~.~.~ Elastic insert |
| 303 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Disposed in a counterbore in the internally threaded element |
| 304 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Disposed within an interruption of a threaded surface |
| 305 | DF | .~.~ Externally threaded element adapted to be compressed radially inwardly |
| 306 | DF | .~.~.~ Resilient element |
| 307 | DF | .~.~ Having threads of different pitch, or a thread of varying pitch |
| 308 | DF | .~.~ Involving dissimilarities in the sectional configuration of the threads |
| 309 | DF | .~.~.~ Resulting in the deformation of one thread by the other |
| 310 | DF | .~.~.~.~ By integral, interference-producing deviations from a standard thread shape |
| 311 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Located in the vicinity of the crest or the root of the thread |
| 312 | DF | .~.~ Including means biasing the threads in axially opposed directions |
| 313 | DF | .~ Washer having a deformable portion engageable with a threaded element |
| 314 | DF | .~.~ Resiliently deformable portion |
| 315 | DF | .~ With a member in the nature of a rotation preventing key movable laterally into engagement with the threaded elements |
| 316 | DF | .~.~ And utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a discrete element |
| 317 | DF | .~.~.~ With a discrete, resilient element |
| 318 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Comprising a spring of the coiled type |
| 319 | DF | .~.~ And including a plastically deformable portion |
| 320 | DF | .~.~.~ Comprising an elongated element divided longitudinally (e.g., a cotter pin) |
| 321 | DF | .~ With an elongated member in the nature of a rotation preventing key disposed axially of the threaded elements |
| 322 | DF | .~.~ And utilizing a resilient characteristic of the key, or of a discrete element |
| 323 | DF | .~.~ And including a plastically deformable portion |
| 324 | DF | .~ Elastic gripping action |
| 325 | DF | .~ Externally threaded element includes an axially extending opening in its free end for receiving an expander member |
| 326 | DF | .~ Pawl and ratchet |
| 327 | DF | .~.~ Pawl carried by the internally threaded element |
| 328 | DF | .~.~.~ Pivoted pawl |
| 329 | DF | .~.~.~ Resilient pawl |
| 330 | DF | .~.~ Washer carried pawl |
| 331 | DF | .~.~.~ Resilient |
| 332 | DF | .~ Including teeth of the ramp and buttress type on the axially inwardly facing portion of the internally threaded element |
| 333 | DF | .~ By deformation of a threaded element |
| 334 | DF | .~.~ Plastic deformation |
| 335 | DF | .~.~.~ Of an internally threaded element |
| 336 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Into an interruption in the thread of the externally threaded element associated therewith |
| 337 | DF | HEADED FASTENER ELEMENT WITH NUT, WASHER, SECURING MEANS OR CAP |
| 338 | DF | .~ Lap bolt or fastener |
| 339 | DF | .~.~ Interference fit type |
| 340 | DF | .~ Securing means pivotable about axis transverse to fastener axis, e.g., toggle bolt, etc. |
| 341 | DF | .~.~ And biasing spring |
| 342 | DF | .~.~.~ Spring engaging securing means |
| 343 | DF | .~.~.~ Spring at opposite end from securing means |
| 344 | DF | .~.~ And discrete manual actuating means |
| 345 | DF | .~.~ And pivoted retention means |
| 346 | DF | .~.~ Channel shaped securing means |
| 347 | DF | .~ Headed fastener element with securing means and biasing spring |
| 348 | DF | .~.~ Ball detent securing means |
| 349 | DF | .~.~ Securing means rotatable about fastener element or rotatably engageable by tool-rotatable headed fastener element |
| 549 | DF | .~.~.~ Outwardly extending projection cooperates with socket member having ramp engagement means |
| 550 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Including means providing axial adjustment |
| 551 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Threaded adjustment |
| 552 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And discrete biasing spring |
| 553 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Similar, opposed ramp surfaces |
| 554 | DF | .~.~.~ Helically slotted securing means having cooperating engaging portion on socket member |
| 555 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Through-slot for engagement with crossbar |
| 350 | DF | .~.~.~ Securing means rotatable and axially movable, e.g., wear takeup means, etc. |
| 351 | DF | .~ Draw bar or draft key fastener |
| 352 | DF | .~ Metallic resilient securing means |
| 353 | DF | .~.~ Retainer ring |
| 354 | DF | .~ Wedge-securing means |
| 355 | DF | .~.~ And apertured bolt |
| 356 | DF | .~ Penetrating pin securing means |
| 357 | DF | .~.~ Longitudinally inserted |
| 358 | DF | .~.~.~ Outwardly deflected |
| 359 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Bifurcated |
| 360 | DF | .~ Deformable securing means |
| 361 | DF | .~.~ Swageable collar |
| 362 | DF | .~.~ Securing means deflecting a portion of fastener end |
| 363 | DF | .~.~.~ Plural end legs |
| 364 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Cotter pin fastener |
| 365 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Circular deflector |
| 366.1 | DD | .~ Headed bolt or screw with threads and complementary nut |
| 367 | DF | .~.~ Having stay bolt spacer sleeve |
| 368 | DF | .~.~ Having washer |
| 369 | DF | .~.~.~ Including sealing means |
| 370 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Stay bolt bearing washer |
| 366.2 | DD | .~.~ Flush mount or low profile |
| 366.3 | DD | .~.~ Threads having a specific pitch or angle |
| 371.1 | DD | .~ Sealing-type washer compressed by head |
| 371.2 | DD | .~ Washer adjacent head and having a particular shape (e.g., dished) or composition |
| 372 | DF | .~.~ And separate attaching or retaining means |
| 372.5 | DD | .~ Cap over the head |
| 372.6 | DD | .~.~ Having attaching or retaining means |
| 373 | DF | .~.~ Attachable cap structure |
| 374 | DF | .~.~.~ By screw means |
| 375 | DF | .~.~.~ Crimpable |
| 376 | DF | .~.~.~ Weldable metal |
| 377 | DF | .~.~.~ Moldable |
| 378 | DF | EXTERNALLY THREADED FASTENER ELEMENT, E.G., BOLT, SCREW, ETC. |
| 379 | DF | .~ Stay bolt |
| 380 | DF | .~.~ Having spherical head |
| 381 | DF | .~.~.~ And telltale bore |
| 382 | DF | .~.~ Having telltale bore |
| 383 | DF | .~ Multipart |
| 384 | DF | .~.~ Axially adjustable |
| 385 | DF | .~.~ Comprising longitudinal side-by-side sections |
| 386 | DF | .~ Pilot end having means enhancing fastening or installation |
| 387.1 | DD | .~.~ Drill-tip-type end |
| 387.2 | DD | .~.~.~ Having a reaming portion |
| 387.3 | DD | .~.~.~ Having enhanced gripping structure |
| 387.4 | DD | .~.~.~ Thread-tapping portion or with thread pitch stabilizing ridge |
| 387.5 | DD | .~.~.~ Having distinct, spaced cutting edges or points (e.g., prongs) |
| 387.6 | DD | .~.~.~ Resembling a twist-drill-type bit |
| 387.7 | DD | .~.~.~.~ Cuttings or chips moved along curved relief channel |
| 387.8 | DD | .~.~.~.~ And specified cutting edge, face, rake, relief surface, or flute angle (e.g., axially facing facets) |
| 388 | DF | .~ Double-ended |
| 389 | DF | .~.~ Both ends threaded |
| 390 | DF | .~ Single element having means facilitating or effecting separation |
| 391 | DF | .~.~ By fluent pressure |
| 392 | DF | .~ Resiliently flexible |
| 393 | DF | .~ Set screw |
| 394 | DF | .~ Drive screw |
| 395 | DF | .~ Having bore therethrough |
| 396 | DF | .~ Separate head element |
| 397 | DF | .~.~ Threadedly attached to shank |
| 398 | DF | .~ Head eccentric with respect to fastener axis |
| 399 | DF | .~ Head having counter-sinking means |
| 400 | DF | .~ Hook head, e.g., J-bolt, etc. |
| 401 | DF | .~ Elongated head, e.g., hanger bolt, etc. |
| 402 | DF | .~ Head driving structure |
| 403 | DF | .~.~ Socket or slot |
| 404 | DF | .~.~.~ Orthogonally arranged slots, e.g., Phillips head, etc. |
| 405 | DF | .~.~.~ Opposed open ended plural slots, e.g., spanner, etc. |
| 406 | DF | .~.~.~ Dovetail |
| 407 | DF | .~.~.~ Having driver retaining means |
| 408 | DF | .~.~ Frictional engagement |
| 409 | DF | .~.~ Wing structure |
| 410 | DF | .~.~ Plural diverse driving structures |
| 411 | DF | .~ Thread or shank structure |
| 412 | DF | .~.~ Plural threads on single shank |
| 413 | DF | .~.~.~ Of different pitch |
| 414 | DF | .~.~ Buttress thread |
| 415 | DF | .~.~ Of varying thread pitch |
| 416 | DF | .~.~ Lobular thread |
| 417 | DF | .~.~ Circumferentially interrupted thread |
| 418 | DF | .~.~.~ By longitudinal slot |
| 419 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Shank bifurcated by slot extending entirely therethrough |
| 420 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Inclined slot |
| 421 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Helically oriented |
| 422 | DF | .~.~.~ By transversely extending bore |
| 423 | DF | .~.~ Truncated thread |
| 424 | DF | .~.~ Shank structure |
| 425 | DF | .~.~.~ Twisted |
| 426 | DF | .~.~.~ Tapered |
| 427 | DF | INTERNALLY THREADED FASTENER ELEMENT, E.G., NUT, ETC. |
| 428 | DF | .~ Including lubricating means |
| 429 | DF | .~ Having cap |
| 430 | DF | .~.~ Cap crimped onto nut |
| 431 | DF | .~.~ Resiliently retained |
| 432 | DF | .~ Multipart |
| 433 | DF | .~.~ Including movable threaded segments |
| 434 | DF | .~.~.~ Moved by fluent pressure |
| 435 | DF | .~ Wing |
| 436 | DF | .~ Thread structure |
| 437 | DF | .~.~ Interrupted |
| 438 | DF | .~.~ Coil spring |
| 439 | DF | IMPACT DRIVEN FASTENER, E.G., NAIL, SPIKE, TACK, ETC. |
| 440 | DF | .~ Having means to facilitate explosive driving |
| 441 | DF | .~.~ Discrete guide or centering means |
| 442 | DF | .~ Plural attached fasteners |
| 443 | DF | .~.~ Integral strip |
| 444 | DF | .~.~ Laterally attached only at head or bridge |
| 445 | DF | .~.~ Attached end-to-end |
| 446 | DF | .~ Including integral locking means |
| 447 | DF | .~.~ Comprising deformable portion |
| 448 | DF | .~.~.~ Expansible on impact |
| 449 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Axially collapsible section |
| 450 | DF | .~.~ Having means engageable on underside of member being secured by fastener |
| 451.1 | DD | .~.~ Comprising protrusion or recess on shank |
| 452 | DF | .~.~.~ Longitudinal rib |
| 453 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Spiral rib |
| 454 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Defined by twisted shank |
| 455 | DF | .~.~.~ Circumferential rib |
| 456 | DF | .~.~.~ Barb or spur-type projection |
| 451.2 | DD | .~.~.~ Undulating type |
| 451.3 | DD | .~.~.~ Serrations or sharp teeth |
| 451.4 | DD | .~.~.~ Longitudinal flute, depression, or channel |
| 451.5 | DD | .~.~.~ Shoulder-type protrusion |
| 457 | DF | .~ Multiple prong, e.g., nailing plate, staple, etc. |
| 458 | DF | .~.~ Oppositely disposed prongs |
| 459 | DF | .~.~.~ Having plural prongs on one end |
| 460 | DF | .~.~.~ Having identical ends |
| 461 | DF | .~.~ Of sheet metal |
| 462 | DF | .~.~.~ Including stiffening means |
| 463 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Rib |
| 464 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Entire fastener having corrugations parallel to driving direction |
| 465 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~.~ Having sawtooth penetrating edge |
| 466 | DF | .~.~.~ Prongs cut and formed from body portion |
| 467 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Plural prongs from single opening |
| 468 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Including opposed prongs defining mirror image of each other |
| 469 | DF | .~.~ Multipart |
| 470 | DF | .~.~ Having prongs of different length |
| 471 | DF | .~.~ Each prong bevelled from a single side toward its opposite side |
| 472 | DF | .~.~.~ Bevel located on outerside of prong |
| 473 | DF | .~.~ Having distinct driving head |
| 474 | DF | .~.~.~ Plural heads |
| 475 | DF | .~.~ Having means to limit penetration short of bridge portion |
| 476 | DF | .~.~ Having frangible portion |
| 477 | DF | .~ Of sheet metal |
| 478 | DF | .~.~ Folded or twisted |
| 479 | DF | .~.~ Hollow fastener |
| 480 | DF | .~ Separately attached head |
| 481 | DF | .~ Head having central recess |
| 482 | DF | .~ Plural axially aligned heads |
| 483 | DF | .~ Wire formed head |
| 484 | DF | .~ Domed head |
| 485 | DF | .~ Hook head |
| 486 | DF | .~ Head forms segment of disk |
| 487 | DF | .~ Shank or penetrating end structure |
| 488 | DF | .~.~ Flat-sided shank |
| 489 | DF | .~.~.~ Tapered |
| 490 | DF | .~.~ Stepped shank |
| 491 | DF | .~.~ Oval or lobular shank |
| 492 | DF | .~.~ Angular shank portion |
| 493 | DF | .~.~ End structure |
| 494 | DF | .~.~.~ Pyramidal point |
| 495 | DF | .~.~.~ Slotted end |
| 496 | DF | .~.~.~ Chisel point |
| 497 | DF | .~.~.~ Stepped end |
| 498 | DF | .~.~.~ Conical point |
| 499 | DF | .~.~.~ Having a curved surface |
| 500 | DF | HEADED FASTENER ELEMENT |
| 501 | DF | .~ Having plastically flowable or deflectable end, e.g., rivet, etc. |
| 502 | DF | .~.~ Plural end legs |
| 503 | DF | .~.~.~ Sheet metal type |
| 504 | DF | .~.~ Solid end type |
| 505 | DF | .~.~.~ Stay bolt |
| 506 | DF | .~.~.~ Bolt head and end flowable |
| 507 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Domed head |
| 508 | DF | .~ Having resilient securing structure on shank |
| 509 | DF | .~.~ Concentric ridge or flange |
| 510 | DF | .~.~.~ Plural ridges or flanges |
| 511 | DF | FASTENER SECURING ELEMENT |
| 512 | DF | .~ Having elastomeric material |
| 513 | DF | .~ Cotter pin |
| 514 | DF | .~.~ Having deformed resilient middle portion |
| 515 | DF | .~.~ Having folded back leg |
| 516 | DF | .~ Resilient metallic |
| 517 | DF | .~.~ Retainer ring |
| 518 | DF | .~.~.~ Having gripper holes |
| 519 | DF | .~.~.~ Plural radial sectioned |
| 520 | DF | .~.~ Sheet metal |
| 521 | DF | .~.~.~ Circular |
| 522 | DF | .~.~.~ Parallel legs, e.g., U-shaped, etc. |
| 523 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Folded leg having fastener aperture or recess |
| 524 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Plural folds |
| 525 | DF | .~.~.~ Having plural longitudinal slits |
| 526 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And slit coincident with element axis |
| 527 | DF | .~.~.~.~ And helically inclined tongues, e.g., speed nut, etc. |
| 528 | DF | .~.~.~ Having longitudinal slit coincident with element axis |
| 529 | DF | .~.~.~ Having longitudinal slot forming fastener engaging slide |
| 530 | DF | .~.~ Wire or rod formed |
| 531 | DF | WASHER STRUCTURE |
| 532 | DF | .~ Including release means |
| 533 | DF | .~ Including means for retaining washer to fastener |
| 534 | DF | .~ Including antifriction means |
| 535 | DF | .~ Including adjustable thickness means |
| 536 | DF | .~.~ Wear or lost motion compensating means |
| 537 | DF | .~ Having leveling means |
| 538 | DF | .~.~ Inclined planar face |
| 539 | DF | .~ Radially positionable |
| 540 | DF | .~.~ Pivotally hinged sections |
| 541 | DF | .~.~ Secured by plastic deformation |
| 542 | DF | .~ Sealing |
| 543 | DF | .~ Wire formed |
| 544 | DF | .~ Axially resilient |
| 545 | DF | .~ Corrugated |
| 546 | DF | .~ Spacer |
| 547 | DF | .~.~ Of folded sheet material |
| 548 | DF | MISCELLANEOUS |
| ****************************** | ||
| CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS | ||
| ****************************** | ||
| 900 | DF | FASTENER OR FASTENER ELEMENT COMPOSED OF PLURAL DIFFERENT MATERIALS |
| 901 | DF | .~ Core and exterior of different materials |
| 902 | DF | .~.~ Metal core |
| 903 | DF | .~.~.~ Resinous exterior |
| 904 | DF | FASTENER OR FASTENER ELEMENT COMPOSED OF NONMETALLIC MATERIAL |
| 905 | DF | .~ Paper or wood |
| 906 | DF | .~ Leather or fabric |
| 907 | DF | .~ Elastomeric |
| 908 | DF | .~ Resinous material |
| 909 | DF | FASTENER OR FASTENER ELEMENT COMPOSED OF THERMO-RESPONSIVE MEMORY MATERIAL |
| 910 | DF | ANTITAMPER MEANS |
| 911 | DF | .~ One-way drive |
| 912 | DF | ANTISPLITTING FASTENER |
| 913 | DF | SELF-EXPANDING ANCHOR |
| 914 | DF | COATED BOLT |
| 915 | DF | BOLT HAVING PACKING JOINT |
| 916 | DF | BOLT HAVING TENSION FEATURE |
| 917 | DF | NUT HAVING TENSION FEATURE |
| 918 | DF | THREADLESS NUT |
| 919 | DF | SCREW HAVING DRIVING CONTACTS |
| 920 | DF | STAPLE |
| 921 | DF | MULTIPLE-PRONGED NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK |
| 922 | DF | NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK HAVING LOCKING DEVICE |
| 923 | DF | NAIL, SPIKE OR TACK HAVING SPECIFIC HEAD STRUCTURE |
| 924 | DF | COUPLED NUT AND BOLT |
| 924.1 | DF | .~ Deformed |
| 925 | DF | .~ Top stop |
| 926 | DF | .~ Positive lock |
| 927 | DF | .~.~ Side |
| 928 | DF | .~.~ Thread gripper |
| 929 | DF | .~ Thread lock |
| 929.1 | DF | .~.~ Coil spring |
| 929.2 | DF | .~.~ Distorted washer |
| 930 | DF | .~.~ Flowing metal or settable material |
| 931 | DF | .~.~ Superposed nuts |
| 932 | DF | .~.~.~ Oppositely threaded |
| 933 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Key or pawl locked |
| 934 | DF | .~.~.~.~.~ Side locked |
| 935 | DF | .~.~ Cam or cone grip |
| 935.1 | DF | .~.~.~ Cam |
| 936 | DF | .~.~ Canted nut |
| 937 | DF | .~.~ Distorted nut |
| 937.1 | DF | .~.~.~ Predistorted thread pitch or diameter |
| 937.2 | DF | .~.~.~ Post-distorted thread pitch or diameter |
| 938 | DF | .~.~ Distorted thread |
| 939 | DF | .~.~ Longitudinal key |
| 940 | DF | .~.~ Radial key or gib |
| 941 | DF | .~.~ Side clutch |
| 941.1 | DF | .~.~.~ Spring |
| 941.2 | DF | .~.~.~ Roller |
| 941.3 | DF | .~.~.~ Ball |
| 942 | DF | .~.~ Tangential key |
| 943 | DF | .~ Flexible washer |
| 944 | DF | .~ Flexible key |
| 945 | DF | .~ Cross key |
| 946 | DF | .~.~ Spring-seated |
| 947 | DF | .~ Elastic-gripping action |
| 948 | DF | .~ Longitudinal key |
| 949 | DF | .~ Rachet and bolt-carried pawl |
| 950 | DF | .~ Rachet and nut-carried pawl |
| 951 | DF | .~.~ Flexible |
| 952 | DF | .~.~ Pivoted |
| 953 | DF | .~ Washer-carried pawl |
| 954 | DF | .~ Wedged slotted bolt |
| 955 | DF | LOCKED BOLTHEAD OR NUT |
| 956 | DF | .~ Automatic base clutch |
| 957 | DF | .~.~ Biting tooth |
| 958 | DF | .~.~.~ Coiled washer |
| 959 | DF | .~.~.~ Bolt- or nut-carried |
| 960 | DF | .~.~ Friction |
| 961 | DF | .~.~ Pawl and ratchet |
| 962 | DF | .~.~.~ Bolthead or nut-carried pawl |
| 963 | DF | .~.~.~ Yielding interlocking washer |
| 964 | DF | .~.~ Detent |
| 965 | DF | .~ With retainer |
| 966 | DF | .~.~ Multiple (i.e., gang type) |
| 967 | DF | .~.~ Deformable bolthead or nut |
| 968 | DF | .~.~ Deformable base member |
| 969 | DF | .~.~ Deformable retainer |
| 970 | DF | .~.~ Resilient retainer |
| 971 | DF | .~.~ And side lock |
| 972 | DF | .~ Distorted |
| 973 | DF | .~ Gravity bolthead, nut or washer |
| 974 | DF | .~ Side lock |
| 975 | DF | .~.~ Rotatable washer |
| 976 | DF | .~.~.~ Bent tongue-locked |
| 977 | DF | .~.~.~ Pawl-locked |
| 978 | DF | .~.~ Pawl and ratchet |
| 979 | DF | .~.~ Resilient |
| 980 | DF | .~.~.~ Automatic |
| 981 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Coiled washer |
| 982 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Spring-tongued washer plate |
| 983 | DF | .~.~ Inelastic tongue |
| 984 | DF | .~.~ Longitudinal |
| 985 | DF | .~.~.~ Bolthead- or nut-held |
| 986 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Reversed bolthead or nut |
| 987 | DF | .~.~.~ Side pin |
| 988 | DF | .~.~.~ Spike-held locking plate |
| 989 | DF | .~.~.~ Swinging |
| 990 | DF | .~.~.~ Washer tongue-held |
| 991 | DF | .~.~ Transversely sliding |
| 992 | DF | .~.~.~ Key, plate, or bar |
| 993 | DF | .~.~.~.~ bolthead- or nut-held |
| 994 | DF | .~.~.~.~ Sliding washer |
| 995 | DF | .~.~ Transversely swinging |
| 996 | DF | .~ Transverse base-locking key |
| 997 | DF | .~ Longitudinal fastener |
| 998 | DF | WITH POSITIVE BOLT LOCK |
| 999 | DF | WITH RETAINER (E.G., TETHER) |
| ****************************** | ||
| DIGESTS | ||
| ****************************** | ||
| DIG 1 | DD | THREAD FORMING, REFORMING, OR CLEANING |
| DIG 2 | DD | TEMPERATURE MODIFICATION |
| DIG 3 | DD | UTILIZING FLUID PRESSURE |