US PATENT SUBCLASS 411 / 132
.~ Lock washer-type member located between substructure and bolt head or nut

Current as of: June, 1999
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411 /   HD   EXPANDED, THREADED, DRIVEN, HEADED, TOOL-DEFORMED, OR LOCKED-THREADED FASTENER

81  DF  THREADED FASTENER LOCKED TO A DISCREET STRUCTURE (E.G., PLATE, RAIL, WHEEL) {13}
132.~ Lock washer-type member located between substructure and bolt head or nut {8}
133  DF  .~.~> Member fixed to bolt shank, and member or bolt fixed to substructure
134  DF  .~.~> Means holding member to bolt, nut or substructure prior to use {1}
136  DF  .~.~> Member comprises looplike element (e.g., washer) interlocked with additional element, one of them engaging substructure or surface in other than planar, face-to-face contact {3}
140  DF  .~.~> Elongate member moves in longitudinally extending opening in bolt head or nut to enter substructure
141  DF  .~.~> Locking dog or pawl carried by bolt head or nut and engaging substructure
142  DF  .~.~> Key introduced laterally at juncture of surface and substructure
143  DF  .~.~> Formations on either member or surface, and cooperative, restricting means on the other {1}
147  DF  .~.~> Member comprises washer formed as closed loop or apertured plate or as split ring {8}

DEFINITION

Classification: 411/132

Lock washer type member located between substructure and bolt head or nut:

(under subclass 81) Device wherein the other element, or at least one of a plurality thereof, comprises a member which, or a part of which, lies between the substructure and that surface of the bolt head or nut which faces in the direction of the substructure for the purpose of resisting rotation of the bolt head or nut relative to the substructure.

(1) Note. While the coupling, by the member, of the bolt head or the nut to the substructure obviously requires the mutual locking together of all three, the art of this and the indented subclasses is sometimes concerned only with the cooperative relationship of the bolt head or nut to the member or of the member to the substructure. In such instances, it becomes necessary to assume that a suitable coupling exists at the other interface.

(2) Note. The location of the member between the bolt head or nut and the substructure does not necessarily require that the member have two, oppositely facing, regions of contact but such is frequently the case (e.g., the member may be a washer).

(3) Note. "Located between", in its broadest sense, has been construed to include the instance in which a member merely passes through, or only protrudes into, the region in which the substructure and the inwardly facing surface confront one another. Indented subclass 140, for example, is predicated upon such a construction of that phrase; in addition, other art involving a somewhat similar, elongated element type of member, but wherein (a) the member may

protrude from either the substructure or the inwardly facing surface of the bolt head or the nut, and (b) there is no significant entry of the member into the inwardly facing surface or the substructure, respectively, is found in this subclass (132).

(4) Note. The structure discussed in (3) Note above sometimes is in the nature of a set screw. On the other hand, subclass 83 above also contains a body of set screw art, which art is distinguishable from the set screws of this area (132+) on the following basis: The set screw art of subclass 83 does not involve a traversing of, nor even an entry into, by the set screw, of the region in which the substructure and the inwardly facing surface confront one another.