US Patent Class 348
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Current as of: June, 1999
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  DF  CLASS NOTES
1  DF  USE SURVEY AND ACCOUNTING
2  DF  .~ Monitoring of physical reaction of viewer
3  DF  .~ With billing
4  DF  .~ Monitoring of synchronization or blanking pulse (e.g., horizontal or vertical pulse signal)
5  DF  .~ With video cassette recorder (VCR)
5.5  DF  USE OR ACCESS BLOCKING (E.G., LOCKING SWITCH)
6  DF  WIRED BROADCAST (E.G., CABLE)
7  DF  .~ Broadcast on demand
8  DF  .~ Local distribution (e.g., hotel, hospital, vehicle, etc.)
9  DF  .~ Controlled signal substitution (e.g., emergency warning, local preemption, etc.)
10  DF  .~ With subscriber terminal details
11  DF  .~.~ For frequency conversion
12  DF  .~ Two-way
13  DF  TWO-WAY (E.G., INTERACTIVE)
14  DF  .~ With voice capability (e.g., videophone)
15  DF  .~.~ Conferencing
16  DF  .~.~ Switching
17  DF  .~.~ Transmission scheme
18  DF  .~.~.~ Still frame (i.e., freeze frame)
19  DF  .~.~.~ Field or frame difference (e.g., moving frame)
20  DF  .~.~ User positioning (e.g., parallax)
21  DF  PLURAL TRANSMITTER SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS (E.G., INTERFERENCE REDUCTION)
22  DF  SLOW SCANNING TRANSMISSION (E.G., STILL FRAME)
23  DF  .~ Color TV
24  DF  PLURAL STILL IMAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL CHANNEL
25  DF  IMAGE FALSIFICATION TO IMPROVE VIEWER PERCEPTION OF SELECTIVE OBJECT (E.G., MOVING OBJECT OR TARGET)
26  DF  .~ Contour generator
27  DF  .~ Quantizer
28  DF  .~ Selective contrast expander
29  DF  .~ False color
30  DF  .~.~ Hue expander
31  DF  BACK SCATTER REDUCTION
32  DF  PSEUDO COLOR
33  DF  .~ Multispectral to color conversion (e.g., infrared and visible, infrared bands, etc.)
34  DF  .~ Including intensity to color conversion (e.g., colorizer, etc.)
35  DF  PSEUDO BLACK AND WHITE
36  DF  PANORAMIC
37  DF  .~ With continuously rotating element
38  DF  .~ Multiple channels
39  DF  .~ With observer selected field of view
40  DF  HOLOGRAPHIC
41  DF  .~ Color TV
42  DF  STEREOSCOPIC
43  DF  .~ Signal formatting
44  DF  .~ Pseudo
45  DF  .~ Endoscope
46  DF  .~ Picture signal generator
47  DF  .~.~ Multiple cameras
48  DF  .~.~.~ More than two cameras
49  DF  .~.~ Single camera with optical path division
50  DF  .~.~ Single camera from multiple positions
51  DF  .~ Stereoscopic display device
52  DF  .~.~ More than two display devices
53  DF  .~.~ Viewer attached
54  DF  .~.~ Single display with optical path division
55  DF  .~.~.~ Separation by time division
56  DF  .~.~.~.~ With alternating shutters
57  DF  .~.~.~.~ With alternating polarization
58  DF  .~.~.~ Separation by polarization
59  DF  .~.~.~ Separation by lenticular screen
60  DF  .~.~.~ Separation by color (i.e., anaglyphic)
61  DF  SPECIAL APPLICATIONS
62  DF  .~ Aid for the blind
63  DF  .~.~ Image magnifying
64  DF  .~ Combined electronic sensing and photographic film cameras
65  DF  .~ With endoscope
66  DF  .~.~ Dental
67  DF  .~.~ Laser
68  DF  .~.~ Illumination
69  DF  .~.~.~ Controlled by video signal
70  DF  .~.~.~ Color sequential illumination
71  DF  .~.~ Color TV
72  DF  .~.~ Plural endoscopes interchangeable
73  DF  .~.~ External camera
74  DF  .~.~ With additional adjunct (e.g., recorder control, etc.)
75  DF  .~.~ Adaptor or connector
76  DF  .~.~ Physical structure of circuit element
77  DF  .~ Human body observation
78  DF  .~.~ Eye
79  DF  .~ Microscope
80  DF  .~.~ Electronic
81  DF  .~ Underwater
82  DF  .~ Hazardous or inaccessible
83  DF  .~.~ Furnace (e.g., nuclear reactor, etc.)
84  DF  .~.~ Pipeline
85  DF  .~.~ Borehole
86  DF  .~ Manufacturing
87  DF  .~.~ Electronic circuit chip or board (e.g., positioning)
88  DF  .~.~ Web, sheet or filament
89  DF  .~.~ Agricultural or food production
90  DF  .~.~ Welding
91  DF  .~.~ Sorting, distributing or classifying
92  DF  .~.~ Quality inspection
93  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
94  DF  .~.~ Position detection
95  DF  .~.~.~ Alignment or positioning
96  DF  .~ Film, disc or card scanning
97  DF  .~.~ Motion picture film scanner
98  DF  .~.~.~ Mechanical optical scanning
99  DF  .~.~.~.~ Flying spot scanner
100  DF  .~.~.~ Flying spot scanner
101  DF  .~.~.~.~ Color TV
102  DF  .~.~.~.~ Intermittent film movement
103  DF  .~.~.~.~ With modification of scanner sweep
104  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
105  DF  .~.~.~ Intermittent film movement
106  DF  .~.~.~ With modification of scanner sweep
107  DF  .~.~ With record location
108  DF  .~.~ Flying spot scanner
109  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
110  DF  .~.~ Slide
111  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
112  DF  .~.~ Microfilm
113  DF  .~ Navigation
114  DF  .~.~ Remote control
115  DF  .~.~ Head-up display
116  DF  .~.~ Direction finding or location determination
117  DF  .~.~ Aircraft or spacecraft
118  DF  .~.~ Land vehicle
119  DF  .~.~.~ Program control (e.g., path guidance, etc.)
120  DF  .~.~.~ Farm vehicle
121  DF  .~ Simulator
122  DF  .~.~ Visibility (e.g., fog, etc.)
123  DF  .~.~ Aircraft or spacecraft
124  DF  .~.~ Ship
125  DF  .~ Flaw detector
126  DF  .~.~ Of electronic circuit chip or board
127  DF  .~.~ Of transparent container or content (e.g., bottle, jar, etc.)
128  DF  .~.~ Of surface (e.g., texture or smoothness, etc.)
129  DF  .~.~ By comparison with reference object
130  DF  .~.~.~ With stored representation of reference object
131  DF  .~.~ With specific illumination detail
132  DF  .~.~.~ With strobe illumination
133  DF  .~.~ With circuit detail
134  DF  .~.~.~ Including line to line comparison
135  DF  .~ Object or scene measurement
136  DF  .~.~ Projected scale on object
137  DF  .~.~ Scale on camera target
138  DF  .~.~ Pulse or clock counting
139  DF  .~.~ Multiple cameras on baseline (e.g., range finder, etc.)
140  DF  .~.~ Distance by apparent target size (e.g., stadia, etc.)
141  DF  .~.~ By cursor coordinate location
142  DF  .~.~ With camera and object moved relative to each other
143  DF  .~ Observation of or from a specific location (e.g., surveillance)
144  DF  .~.~ Aerial viewing
145  DF  .~.~.~ With linear array
146  DF  .~.~.~ With rotating reflector
147  DF  .~.~.~ With transformation or rectification
148  DF  .~.~ Vehicular
149  DF  .~.~.~ Traffic monitoring
150  DF  .~.~ Point of sale or banking
151  DF  .~.~ Camera concealment
152  DF  .~.~ Intrusion detection
153  DF  .~.~.~ Using plural cameras
154  DF  .~.~.~.~ Motion detection
155  DF  .~.~.~ Motion detection
156  DF  .~.~ Access control
157  DF  .~.~ Sporting event
158  DF  .~.~ Portable
159  DF  .~.~ Plural cameras
160  DF  .~.~ Reading meter or data printer
161  DF  .~ Object comparison (e.g., remote verification of signature, etc.)
162  DF  RESPONSIVE TO NONVISIBLE ENERGY
163  DF  .~ Sonic or ultrasonic
164  DF  .~ Infrared
165  DF  .~.~ Pyroelectric
166  DF  .~.~ With linear array
167  DF  .~.~.~ With rotating reflector
168  DF  .~.~ With rotating reflector
169  DF  OBJECT TRACKING
170  DF  .~ Using tracking gate
171  DF  .~.~ Centroidal tracking
172  DF  .~ Centroidal tracking
173  DF  CATHODE-RAY TUBE BURN-IN PREVENTION
174  DF  .~ Camera
175  DF  CAMERA WITH BUILT-IN TEST SIGNAL GENERATOR, TEST PATTERN, OR ADJUSTING ADJUNCT
176  DF  .~ Setup
177  DF  DISPLAY OR RECEIVER WITH BUILT-IN TEST SIGNAL GENERATOR, TEST PATTERN, OR ADJUSTING ADJUNCT
178  DF  .~ Setup
179  DF  .~.~ Color match comparator
180  DF  MONITORING, TESTING, OR MEASURING
181  DF  .~ Test signal generator
182  DF  .~.~ Chroma or color bar
183  DF  .~.~ VITS or ILTS
184  DF  .~ Monitor
185  DF  .~.~ Combined plural functions (e.g., picture and waveform monitor)
186  DF  .~.~ Vectorscope
187  DF  .~ Testing of camera
188  DF  .~.~ Using test chart
189  DF  .~ Testing of image reproducer
190  DF  .~.~ Alignment-manufacturing
191  DF  .~.~ Display photometry
192  DF  .~ Transmission path testing
193  DF  .~.~ Signal to noise ratio
194  DF  .~ Synchronization (e.g., H-sync to subcarrier)
195  DF  MECHANICAL OPTICAL SCANNING
196  DF  .~ Color TV
197  DF  .~ With fiber optics
198  DF  .~ By acoustic wave
199  DF  .~ Moving aperture
200  DF  .~.~ Drum or belt
201  DF  .~.~ Multiple scanning elements
202  DF  .~ Moving lens or refractor
203  DF  .~ Moving reflector
204  DF  .~.~ Helical element
205  DF  .~.~ Vibrating or oscillating
206  DF  SPECIAL SCANNING (E.G., SPIRAL, RANDOM, ZIGZAG)
207  DF  CAMERA, SYSTEM AND DETAIL
208  DF  .~ Camera image stabilization
209  DF  .~ With flying spot scanner
210  DF  .~.~ For color scanning
211  DF  .~ Remote control
212  DF  .~.~ By multiplexed control signals (e.g., duplexing, etc.)
213  DF  .~.~ Preprogrammed or stored control instructions
214  DF  .~.~ Body movement actuation
215  DF  .~ With streak device
216  DF  .~ Low light level
217  DF  .~.~ With image intensifier
218  DF  .~ Unitary image formed by compiling sub-areas of same scene (e.g., array of cameras)
219  DF  .~ Swing driven
220  DF  .~ Still and motion modes of operation
221  DF  .~.~ Exposure control
222  DF  .~ Combined image signal generator and general image signal processing
223  DF  .~.~ Color balance (e.g., white balance)
224  DF  .~.~.~ Dependent upon operation or characteristic of iris, flash, lens, or filter
225  DF  .~.~.~ With means for preventing colored object from effecting color balance
226  DF  .~.~.~ Including flicker detection (e.g., fluorescent)
227  DF  .~.~.~ With ambient light sensor
228  DF  .~.~.~ Responsive to output signal
229  DF  .~.~ Combined automatic gain control and exposure control (i.e., sensitivity control)
230  DF  .~.~.~ Readout of solid-state image sensor considered or altered
231  DF  .~.~ With details of static memory for output image (e.g., for a still camera)
232  DF  .~.~.~ With storage of additional, non-image information (e.g., audio, time, date)
233  DF  .~.~.~ Detachable
234  DF  .~.~ Details of luminance signal formation in color camera
235  DF  .~.~.~ With means for providing high band and low band luminance signals
236  DF  .~.~.~.~ Using distinct luminance image sensor
237  DF  .~.~.~.~ For single sensor type camera supplying plural color signals
238  DF  .~.~.~ Using distinct luminance image sensor
239  DF  .~.~ Camera and video special effects (e.g., subtitling, fading, or merging)
240  DF  .~.~.~ Electronic zoom
241  DF  .~.~ Including noise or undesired signal reduction
242  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
243  DF  .~.~.~ Dark current
244  DF  .~.~.~.~ With control of sensor temperature
245  DF  .~.~.~.~ Using dummy pixels
246  DF  .~.~.~ Defective pixel (e.g., signal replacement)
247  DF  .~.~.~.~ With memory of defective pixels
248  DF  .~.~.~ Smear
249  DF  .~.~.~.~ In charge coupled type sensor
250  DF  .~.~.~ In charge coupled type sensor
251  DF  .~.~.~ Shading or black spot correction
252  DF  .~.~ With transition or edge sharpening (e.g., aperture correction)
253  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
254  DF  .~.~ Gray scale transformation (e.g., gamma correction)
255  DF  .~.~.~ Amplitude control (e.g., automatic gain control)
256  DF  .~.~.~.~ Color TV (e.g., saturation)
257  DF  .~.~ With DC level control
258  DF  .~.~.~ With bias illumination
259  DF  .~.~.~.~ Combined with color separating optical system
260  DF  .~.~.~.~ For single scanning device color camera
261  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural bias illuminators
262  DF  .~ With plural image scanning devices
263  DF  .~.~ Color imagery registration
264  DF  .~.~ Scanning devices offset in the image plane
265  DF  .~.~ Each supplying only one color signal
266  DF  .~ With single image scanning device supplying plural color signals
267  DF  .~.~ Separate complete images on face of pickup device
268  DF  .~.~ Color sequential
269  DF  .~.~.~ With color sequential illumination
270  DF  .~.~.~ With moving color filters
271  DF  .~.~.~.~ Four or more color types
272  DF  .~.~ Solid-state multicolor image sensor
273  DF  .~.~.~ With color filter or operation according to color filter
274  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having overlapping elements
275  DF  .~.~.~.~ Staggered or irregular elements
276  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including transparent elements
277  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With three or more colors
278  DF  .~.~.~.~ Based on more than four colors
279  DF  .~.~.~.~ Based on four colors
280  DF  .~.~.~.~ Based on three colors
281  DF  .~.~.~.~ X-Y architecture
282  DF  .~.~.~.~ Charge coupled architecture
283  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ With multiple output registers
284  DF  .~.~ Cathode-ray tube
285  DF  .~.~.~ Phase separable signals
286  DF  .~.~.~.~ With indexing
287  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Conductive grid at target
288  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Index elements outside of image area
289  DF  .~.~.~ Frequency separable signals
290  DF  .~.~.~.~ Specified optical filter arrangement
291  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Combined with grating, lens array, or refractor
292  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having diagonally arranged stripes
293  DF  .~.~.~.~ Interdigital signal electrodes
294  DF  .~ Solid-state image sensor
295  DF  .~.~ Time delay and integration mode (TDI)
296  DF  .~.~ Electronic shuttering
297  DF  .~.~ Accumulation or integration time responsive to light or signal intensity
298  DF  .~.~.~ In charge coupled type image sensor
299  DF  .~.~.~.~ With overflow gate or drain
300  DF  .~.~ With amplifier
301  DF  .~.~.~ Pixel amplifiers
302  DF  .~.~ X - Y architecture
303  DF  .~.~.~ With charge transfer type output register
304  DF  .~.~.~ With charge transfer type selecting register
305  DF  .~.~.~ With interlacing
306  DF  .~.~.~ Charge injection device (CID)
307  DF  .~.~.~ Photosensitive switching transistors or "static induction" transistors
308  DF  .~.~.~ Including switching transistor and photocell at each pixel site (e.g., "MOS-type" image sensor)
309  DF  .~.~.~ Exclusively passive light responsive elements in the matrix
310  DF  .~.~.~.~ With diode in series with photocell
311  DF  .~.~ Charge-coupled architecture
312  DF  .~.~.~ With timing pulse generator
313  DF  .~.~.~ With bias charge injection
314  DF  .~.~.~ With excess charge removal (e.g., overflow drain)
315  DF  .~.~.~ With staggered or irregular photosites or specified channel configuration
316  DF  .~.~.~ Charges transferred to opposed registers
317  DF  .~.~.~ Field or frame transfer type
318  DF  .~.~.~.~ With recirculation of charge
319  DF  .~.~.~.~ Charges alternately switched from vertical registers into separate storage registers; or having vertical transfer gates
320  DF  .~.~.~.~ Interline readout
321  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Using multiple output registers
322  DF  .~.~.~ Interline readout
323  DF  .~.~.~.~ Using multiple output registers
324  DF  .~.~.~ Line transfer type
325  DF  .~ Cathode-ray tube
326  DF  .~.~ Automatic beam focusing or alignment
327  DF  .~.~ Automatic beam current control
328  DF  .~.~ Remanent image erasure
329  DF  .~.~ With emissive target or photocathode (e.g., orthicon)
330  DF  .~.~.~ Dissector tube
331  DF  .~.~ With photoconductive target (e.g., vidicon)
332  DF  .~ Array of photocells (i.e., nonsolid-state array)
333  DF  .~ With electronic viewfinder or display monitor
334  DF  .~.~ With indicium
335  DF  .~ Optics
336  DF  .~.~ Color separating optics
337  DF  .~.~.~ Prism arrangement
338  DF  .~.~.~.~ With dichroic layer or air gap between prism sections
339  DF  .~.~.~ Exclusively dichroic elements
340  DF  .~.~ With optics peculiar to solid-state sensor
341  DF  .~.~ Optical viewfinder
342  DF  .~.~ With frequency selective filter (e.g., IR cut, optical LPF, etc.)
343  DF  .~.~ Optical multiplexing
344  DF  .~.~ Optical path switching
345  DF  .~.~ Focus control
346  DF  .~.~.~ With display of focusing condition or alarm
347  DF  .~.~.~ With zoom position detection or interrelated iris control
348  DF  .~.~.~ Using active ranging
349  DF  .~.~.~ Using image signal
350  DF  .~.~.~.~ With auxiliary sensor or separate area on imager
351  DF  .~.~.~.~ With oscillation of lens or sensor to optimize error signal
352  DF  .~.~.~.~ With motion detection
353  DF  .~.~.~.~ By detecting contrast
354  DF  .~.~.~.~ By analyzing high frequency component
355  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural high frequencies
356  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Detection of peak or slope of image signal
357  DF  .~.~.~ Servo unit structure or mechanism
358  DF  .~.~ Variable magnification (i.e., zoom)
359  DF  .~.~ Fiber optics
360  DF  .~.~ Lens or filter substitution
361  DF  .~.~.~ Automatic
362  DF  .~.~ Exposure control
363  DF  .~.~.~ Automatic control of iris, stop, or diaphragm
364  DF  .~.~.~.~ Based on image signal
365  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Contrast
366  DF  .~.~.~.~ Based on ambient light
367  DF  .~.~.~ Periodic shuttering
368  DF  .~.~.~.~ Rotary
369  DF  .~.~ Changing viewing angle via optics
370  DF  .~ With object or scene illumination
371  DF  .~.~ Flash or strobe
372  DF  .~ Power supply
373  DF  .~ Support or housing
374  DF  .~.~ For internal camera components
375  DF  .~.~ For specified accessory
376  DF  .~.~ Portable or hand-held
377  DF  CATHODE-RAY TUBE DISPLAY EXCESSIVE VOLTAGE CONTROL
378  DF  .~ With disabling
379  DF  CATHODE-RAY TUBE DISPLAY AUTOMATIC BLACK LEVEL BIAS CONTROL
380  DF  CATHODE-RAY TUBE DISPLAY BEAM CURRENT CONTROL
381  DF  .~ With beam energy determining color
382  DF  .~.~ Variable depth of penetration of electron beam into the luminescent layer
383  DF  MODULAR IMAGE DISPLAY SYSTEM
384  DF  BANDWIDTH REDUCTION SYSTEM
385  DF  .~ Plural video programs in single channel
386  DF  .~.~ Color television
387  DF  .~.~ Bit-rate reduction
388  DF  .~ Multiple channel (e.g., plural carrier)
389  DF  .~.~ Including one conventional or compatible channel (e.g., two channel NTSC systems)
390  DF  .~ Bit-rate reduction
391  DF  .~.~ Specified color signal
392  DF  .~.~.~ Sub-Nyquist sampling
393  DF  .~.~.~ Direct coding of color composite signal
394  DF  .~.~.~.~ Predictive coding
395  DF  .~.~.~.~ Transform coding
396  DF  .~.~.~ Including luminance signal
397  DF  .~.~ Using separate coders for different picture features (e.g., highs, lows)
398  DF  .~.~.~ Sub-band encoding (e.g., low horizontal/low vertical frequency, low horizontal/high vertical frequency)
399  DF  .~.~ Picture feature dependent sampling rate or sample selection
400  DF  .~.~ Involving hybrid transform and difference coding
401  DF  .~.~.~ With prior difference coding
402  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including motion vector
403  DF  .~.~ Involving transform coding
404  DF  .~.~.~ Adaptive
405  DF  .~.~.~.~ Quantizer
406  DF  .~.~.~.~ Normalizer
407  DF  .~.~.~.~ Motion
408  DF  .~.~.~ Transformed sample selection (e.g., hierarchical sample selection)
409  DF  .~.~ Involving difference transmission (e.g., predictive)
410  DF  .~.~.~ Involving both PCM and DPCM encoding
411  DF  .~.~.~ Plural predictors
412  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including temporal predictor (e.g., frame difference)
413  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Including motion vector
414  DF  .~.~.~.~ Involving vector quantization
415  DF  .~.~.~ Including temporal prediction (e.g., frame difference)
416  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including motion vector
417  DF  .~.~.~.~ Involving vector quantization
418  DF  .~.~.~ Involving vector quantization
419  DF  .~.~.~ Coding element controlled by buffer fullness (e.g., adaptive quantizer)
420  DF  .~.~ Involving block coding
421  DF  .~.~.~ PCM represents minimum, maximum, or average of block
422  DF  .~.~ Involving vector quantization
423  DF  .~.~ Arrangements for multiplexing one video signal, one or more audio signals, and a synchronizing signal
424  DF  .~.~ Sub-Nyquist sampling
425  DF  .~.~.~ Adaptive
845  DF  .~.~ Associated signal processing
845.1  DF  .~.~.~ Involving error detection or correction
845.2  DF  .~.~.~ Involving signal formatting
845.3  DF  .~.~.~ Involving synchronization
426  DF  .~ Format type (e.g., HDTV or EDTV)
427  DF  .~.~ Including frequency folding (e.g., subsampling)
428  DF  .~.~.~ Spotwobble (e.g., pixels from plural lines form single transmitted line)
429  DF  .~.~.~ Including video related information (e.g., digitally assisted television)
430  DF  .~.~.~ Using two or more frames
431  DF  .~.~.~.~ Motion adaptive
432  DF  .~.~ Added video information in standard channel format (e.g., compatible EDTV)
433  DF  .~.~.~ Including additional modulation of picture carrier (e.g., quadrature)
434  DF  .~.~.~ Including information in sync, blanking, or overscan
435  DF  .~.~.~.~ During vertical blanking interval
436  DF  .~.~.~ Including the use of a subcarrier
437  DF  .~.~ Individual processing of different parts of image frequency band (e.g., sum and difference, high band/low band)
438  DF  .~ Individual processing of different parts of image frequency band (e.g., sum and difference, high band/low band)
439  DF  .~ Frame field or line dropping followed by time expansion and time compression
440  DF  .~ Scan rate variation
441  DF  FORMAT CONVERSION
442  DF  .~ Involving polar to Cartesian or vice versa
443  DF  .~ Involving both line number and field rate conversion (e.g., PAL to NTSC)
444  DF  .~.~ Specified chrominance signal
445  DF  .~ Conversion between standards with different aspect ratios
446  DF  .~ Progressive to interlace
447  DF  .~ Field rate type flicker compensating
448  DF  .~ Line doublers type (e.g., interlace to progressive IDTV type)
449  DF  .~.~ Including nonstandard signal detection
450  DF  .~.~ Specified chrominance processing (e.g., Y/C separation)
451  DF  .~.~.~ Motion adaptive
452  DF  .~.~ Motion adaptive
453  DF  .~ Specified chrominance processing
454  DF  .~.~ PAL to NTSC or vice versa
455  DF  .~.~ In which simultaneous signals are converted into sequential signals or vice versa
456  DF  .~.~.~ Field or frame sequential to simultaneous
457  DF  .~.~ Frequency change of subcarrier
458  DF  .~ Changing number of lines for standard conversion
459  DF  .~ Changing number of fields for standard conversion
460  DF  DIVERSE DEVICE CONTROLLED BY INFORMATION EMBEDDED IN VIDEO SIGNAL
461  DF  NONPICTORIAL DATA PACKET IN TELEVISION FORMAT
462  DF  .~ Audio
463  DF  .~ Full field
464  DF  .~ Sync
465  DF  .~ Data separation or detection
466  DF  .~ Error correction or prevention
467  DF  .~ Data format
468  DF  .~ Including teletext decoder or display
469  DF  FORMAT
470  DF  .~ Adapted to reduce noise or for frequency modulation (e.g., variable gain)
471  DF  .~ Including pulse modulation of video signal (e.g., pulse width, PAM)
472  DF  .~.~ Pulse code modulation
473  DF  .~ Including additional information
474  DF  .~.~ For controlling video processing (e.g., digitally assisted video)
475  DF  .~.~ Additional modulation of picture carrier (e.g., quadrature)
476  DF  .~.~ During sync, blanking, or overscan
477  DF  .~.~.~ During both vertical and horizontal blanking
478  DF  .~.~.~ During vertical blanking
479  DF  .~.~.~ During horizontal blanking
480  DF  .~.~.~.~ Sound signal
481  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural (e.g., stereo or SAP)
482  DF  .~.~.~ Sound signal
483  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural (e.g., stereo or SAP)
484  DF  .~.~ Sound signal
485  DF  .~.~.~ Plural (e.g., stereo or SAP)
486  DF  .~.~ Including the use of a subcarrier
487  DF  .~ Broadband (e.g., occupying two adjacent channels or parts thereof)
488  DF  .~ Specified color signal format
489  DF  .~.~ Time division multiplexing of luminance and chrominance (e.g., MAC)
490  DF  .~.~ Field or frame sequential systems
491  DF  .~.~ Simultaneous and sequential (e.g., SECAM)
492  DF  .~.~ Simultaneous signals
493  DF  .~.~.~ Luminance plus dual-phase modulated color carrier
494  DF  .~.~.~ Dot sequential
495  DF  .~ Of sync signal
496  DF  .~.~ Color
497  DF  FLUTTER OR JITTER CORRECTION (E.G., DYNAMIC REPRODUCTION)
498  DF  .~ Specified color
499  DF  .~.~ Using frequency shifting (e.g., heterodyne)
500  DF  SYNCHRONIZATION
501  DF  .~ Reprocessing
502  DF  .~.~ Specified color
503  DF  .~ For sequential color components
504  DF  .~.~ With line rate switch (e.g., SECAM)
505  DF  .~ Phase locking regenerated subcarrier to color burst
506  DF  .~.~ Burst gate
507  DF  .~.~ Including demodulator
508  DF  .~.~.~ Digital
509  DF  .~.~.~ With line rate switch (e.g., PAL)
510  DF  .~ Locking of computer to video timebase
511  DF  .~ Control of picture position
512  DF  .~ Locking of video or audio to reference timebase
513  DF  .~.~ Frame or field synchronizers
514  DF  .~.~.~ Color television
515  DF  .~.~ Audio to video
516  DF  .~.~ By controlling video or sync generator
517  DF  .~.~.~ Color television
518  DF  .~.~ Including compensation for transmission delays
519  DF  .~.~.~ Color television
520  DF  .~.~ Color
521  DF  .~ Sync generation
522  DF  .~.~ Means on video signal generator
523  DF  .~.~ With addressable memory
524  DF  .~.~ With counter or frequency divider
525  DF  .~ Sync separation
526  DF  .~.~ Field or frame identification
527  DF  .~.~.~ Color
528  DF  .~.~ Including automatic gain control (AGC)
529  DF  .~.~ To produce distinct vertical output
530  DF  .~.~.~ With distinct horizontal output
531  DF  .~.~ To produce distinct horizontal output
532  DF  .~.~ By amplitude
533  DF  .~.~ Noise reduction
534  DF  .~.~.~ Amplitude limiting
535  DF  .~.~.~ Noise inversion
536  DF  .~ Automatic phase or frequency control
537  DF  .~.~ Of sampling or clock
538  DF  .~.~.~ With data interpolation
539  DF  .~.~.~ Color
540  DF  .~.~ Horizontal sync component
541  DF  .~.~.~ Cascaded phase or frequency adjusting
542  DF  .~.~.~ Plural distinct operating modes
543  DF  .~.~.~.~ Line rates
544  DF  .~.~.~.~ Locking rates
545  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Different mode during vertical blanking
546  DF  .~.~.~ Countdown
547  DF  .~.~ Vertical sync component
548  DF  .~.~.~ Countdown
549  DF  .~.~ Using color subcarrier
550  DF  .~ To achieve interlaced scanning
551  DF  .~ Of mechanical scan
552  DF  COMBINED WITH DIVERSE ART DEVICE (E.G., COMPUTER, TELEPHONE)
553  DF  BASIC RECEIVER WITH ADDITIONAL FUNCTION
554  DF  .~ Multimode (e.g., composite, Y, C; baseband RF)
555  DF  .~.~ For receiving more than one format at will (e.g., NTSC/PAL)
556  DF  .~.~.~ For format with different aspect ratio
557  DF  .~.~.~ Color processing
558  DF  .~.~ Format detection
559  DF  .~ Instant replay or freeze frame
560  DF  .~.~ Color television processing
561  DF  .~ For magnification of part of image
562  DF  .~.~ Color television
563  DF  .~ For display of additional information
564  DF  .~.~ Simultaneously and on same screen (e.g., multiscreen)
565  DF  .~.~.~ Picture in picture
566  DF  .~.~.~.~ Color television
567  DF  .~.~.~.~ Memory
568  DF  .~.~.~.~ Compression
569  DF  .~.~ Receiver indicator (e.g., on screen display)
570  DF  .~.~.~ Tuning indication
571  DF  IMAGE SIGNAL PROCESSING CIRCUITRY SPECIFIC TO TELEVISION
572  DF  .~ A/D converters
573  DF  .~.~ Analog to binary
574  DF  .~.~ Including dither
575  DF  .~ Video reprocessing
576  DF  .~ Selective image modification (e.g., touch up)
577  DF  .~.~ Color change type
578  DF  .~ Special effects
579  DF  .~.~ Strobe (e.g., ball tracker)
580  DF  .~.~ Geometric transformation
581  DF  .~.~.~ Size change
582  DF  .~.~.~.~ Color signal
583  DF  .~.~.~ Rotation
584  DF  .~.~ Combining plural sources
585  DF  .~.~.~ Including priority key
586  DF  .~.~.~ Foreground/background insertion
587  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including hue detection (e.g., chroma key)
588  DF  .~.~.~ Multiple distinct images (e.g., splitscreen)
589  DF  .~.~.~ Including insertion of characters or graphics (e.g., titles)
590  DF  .~.~.~ Specified details of key signal generation or processing
591  DF  .~.~.~.~ Self keyers (e.g., key generated from video being mixed
592  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chroma key (e.g., hue detector)
593  DF  .~.~.~.~ Artificial key generation
594  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Wipes signal generator
595  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Fades signal generator
596  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Window signal generator (e.g., rectangle)
597  DF  .~.~.~.~ For generation of soft edge (e.g., blending)
598  DF  .~.~.~ Specified details of signal combining
599  DF  .~.~.~.~ Color signal
600  DF  .~.~.~.~ Graphic or character insertion type
601  DF  .~.~.~ Marker or pointer generator
602  DF  .~ Display controlled by ambient light
603  DF  .~.~ Specified color (e.g., saturation and contrast control)
604  DF  .~ Including nonstandard signal detection controlling processing
605  DF  .~ Including vertical interval reference (e.g., VIR)
606  DF  .~ Combined noise reduction and transition sharpening
607  DF  .~ Noise or undesired signal reduction
608  DF  .~.~ Processing at encoder or transmitter (e.g., pre-correction)
609  DF  .~.~.~ Reduction of chrominance luminance cross-talk (e.g., precomb)
610  DF  .~.~.~.~ Adaptive
611  DF  .~.~.~ To suppress echo
612  DF  .~.~.~ Color signals
613  DF  .~.~.~ Complementary system (e.g., preemphasis - deemphasis)
614  DF  .~.~ Ghost elimination (e.g., multipath)
615  DF  .~.~ Blackspot or shading correction (e.g., corrects for fixed pattern defects)
616  DF  .~.~ Dropout compensator (e.g., replacement type)
617  DF  .~.~.~ For color television
618  DF  .~.~ For removal of low amplitude random noise (e.g., variable bandwidth)
619  DF  .~.~.~ Averaging type
620  DF  .~.~.~.~ Using frame or field delays (e.g., motion adaptive)
621  DF  .~.~.~.~ For color television
622  DF  .~.~.~ Noise component generator, limiter, subtractor type
623  DF  .~.~.~ Coring type
624  DF  .~.~ For color television
625  DF  .~ Transition or edge sharpeners
626  DF  .~.~ Scanning velocity modulation
627  DF  .~.~ Including processing to prevent the addition of noise (e.g., coring enhancement signal, noise responsive peaking control)
628  DF  .~.~ Vertical transition
629  DF  .~.~.~ Including horizontal transition
630  DF  .~.~ Color television processing
631  DF  .~.~.~ Luminance transition controls chrominance transition
632  DF  .~ Sound muting
633  DF  .~.~ Including picture blanking
634  DF  .~ Picture blanking
635  DF  .~.~ For color television
636  DF  .~.~ At transmitter
637  DF  .~.~ Retrace type
638  DF  .~ Chrominance signal demodulator
639  DF  .~.~ Digital
640  DF  .~.~ PAL signal
641  DF  .~.~ For quadrature signal (e.g., NTSC)
642  DF  .~ Color encoder or chrominance signal modulator
643  DF  .~ Color killer
644  DF  .~.~ Including chrominance signal amplitude control
645  DF  .~ Chrominance signal amplitude control (e.g., saturation)
646  DF  .~.~ Digital
647  DF  .~.~ Automatic
648  DF  .~.~.~ Picture responsive (e.g., overload)
649  DF  .~ Hue control
650  DF  .~.~ Scene by scene color correction
651  DF  .~.~ Digital
652  DF  .~.~ Fleshtone corrector (e.g., fixed)
653  DF  .~.~.~ By phase change of chrominance signal or subcarrier
654  DF  .~.~ By phase change of chrominance signal or subcarrier
655  DF  .~ Color balance or temperature (e.g., white balance)
656  DF  .~.~ Receiver type
657  DF  .~.~.~ Including feedback control
658  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including optical sensor to observe display (e.g., CRT)
659  DF  .~ Matrixing or mixing
660  DF  .~.~ Digital
661  DF  .~.~ Masking (e.g., R, G, B to R', G', B')
662  DF  .~ Chrominance phase adjuster (e.g., inverter)
663  DF  .~ Chrominance-luminance signal separation
664  DF  .~.~ Logic circuit type
665  DF  .~.~ Including comb filter (e.g., using line, field, frame delays)
666  DF  .~.~.~ Including adaptive artifacts removal (e.g., switchable trap or LPF in luma channel)
667  DF  .~.~.~ Adaptive comb filter
668  DF  .~.~.~.~ Selects or blends two or more separated signals to derive output
669  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Including frame or field delays (e.g., motion adaptive)
670  DF  .~.~.~ Including frame or field delays
671  DF  .~ Gray scale transformation
672  DF  .~.~ Using histogram
673  DF  .~.~ Combined contrast control and brightness or DC level control
674  DF  .~.~ Nonlinear amplitude modification (e.g., gamma)
675  DF  .~.~.~ Color television
676  DF  .~.~.~ By adding outputs from parallel channels
677  DF  .~.~.~ With specified DC level control
678  DF  .~.~ Automatic range control (e.g., AGC, automatic contrast control)
679  DF  .~.~.~ Color television
680  DF  .~.~.~ At transmitter
681  DF  .~.~.~ Carrier envelope
682  DF  .~.~.~ Sync or blanking
683  DF  .~.~.~.~ Noise reduction or elimination
684  DF  .~.~.~.~ Keyed
685  DF  .~.~.~ Delayed AGC
686  DF  .~.~ Manual contrast control (e.g., linear)
687  DF  .~ Brightness control
688  DF  .~.~ By subtracting averaged active video portion (e.g., flare)
689  DF  .~.~ With DC clamping
690  DF  .~ White limiter
691  DF  .~ DC insertion
692  DF  .~.~ Color television
693  DF  .~.~ At transmitter
694  DF  .~.~ For plural signals or signal components
695  DF  .~.~ Level inserted during keying signals (e.g., keyed clamp)
696  DF  .~.~ Insertion level derived by key signals
697  DF  .~.~.~ Level derived within feedback path
698  DF  .~.~ Diode
699  DF  .~ Motion vector generation
700  DF  .~ Motion dependent key signal generation or scene change detection
701  DF  .~.~ Specified processing of frame or field difference signal (e.g., noise reduction, key signal spreading)
702  DF  .~.~ Composite color signal
703  DF  .~ Hue or saturation detector
704  DF  .~ Sweep expansion or reduction
705  DF  .~ Switching
706  DF  .~.~ receiver type
707  DF  .~ Amplifiers
708  DF  .~ Color television signal processing
709  DF  .~.~ Signal modification for one gun color tube (e.g., dot sequential)
710  DF  .~.~ Differential phase or amplitude responsive
711  DF  .~.~ Frequency response modification
712  DF  .~.~ Luminance channel circuitry
713  DF  .~.~ Chrominance channel circuitry
714  DF  .~ With details of static storage device
715  DF  .~.~ For storing a sequence of frames or fields
716  DF  .~.~ Specified data formatting (e.g., memory mapping)
717  DF  .~.~.~ Of color signal
718  DF  .~.~ Accessing circuitry
719  DF  .~.~.~ Including processor interface (e.g., CPU)
720  DF  .~ Digital
721  DF  .~.~ Plural processing units
722  DF  STUDIO EQUIPMENT
723  DF  TELEVISION TRANSMITTER CIRCUITRY
724  DF  .~ Modulator
725  DF  RECEIVER CIRCUITRY
726  DF  .~ Demodulator
727  DF  .~.~ Color television
728  DF  .~ Color television
729  DF  .~ Television receiver adapted to receive radio broadcast or in combination with radio receiver
730  DF  .~ Power supply
731  DF  .~ Tuning
732  DF  .~.~ Search tuning
733  DF  .~.~ Tuning voltage
734  DF  .~ Remote control
735  DF  .~ Automatic frequency control
736  DF  .~ Sound traps
737  DF  .~ Intercarrier circuits
738  DF  .~ Sound circuit
739  DF  VIDEO DISPLAY
740  DF  .~ Array of shutters
741  DF  .~ Red-white phenomena
742  DF  .~ Color sequential
743  DF  .~.~ With moving color filters
744  DF  .~ Projection device
745  DF  .~.~ With alignment, registration or focus
746  DF  .~.~.~ Raster shape distortion
747  DF  .~.~.~ Raster size or position compensation
748  DF  .~.~ With cooling device
749  DF  .~.~.~ Liquid
750  DF  .~.~ Plural parallel light modulators
751  DF  .~.~.~ Liquid crystal
752  DF  .~.~.~ Using birefringent or polarizing medium (e.g., Kerr cell, Pockel's cell, etc.)
753  DF  .~.~.~.~ Electron beam addressed
754  DF  .~.~.~ Acousto-optic (e.g., Bragg cell, etc.)
755  DF  .~.~.~ Deformable medium
756  DF  .~.~.~ With optical element
757  DF  .~.~.~.~ Beam combining
758  DF  .~.~ Plural serial light modulators
759  DF  .~.~ Single light modulator
760  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
761  DF  .~.~.~.~ Liquid crystal
762  DF  .~.~.~.~ Using birefringent or polarizing medium (e.g., Kerr cell, Pockel's cell, etc.)
763  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Electron beam addressed
764  DF  .~.~.~.~ Deformable medium
765  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Fluid
766  DF  .~.~.~ Liquid crystal
767  DF  .~.~.~ Using birefringent or polarizing medium (e.g., Kerr cell, Pockel's cell, etc.)
768  DF  .~.~.~.~ Electron beam addressed
769  DF  .~.~.~ Acousto-optic
770  DF  .~.~.~ Deformable medium
771  DF  .~.~.~.~ Including solid-state deflection elements (e.g., deformable mirror device (DMD))
772  DF  .~.~.~.~ Medium in tape, ribbon, or membrane form
773  DF  .~.~.~.~ Fluid medium
774  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Deformed into diffraction grating (e.g., using electron beam)
775  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having significant chemical composition
776  DF  .~.~ Cathode-ray tube image source
777  DF  .~.~.~ With intensifier
778  DF  .~.~.~ Plural CRTs
779  DF  .~.~.~.~ With optical element
780  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Beam combining
781  DF  .~.~.~ With optical element
782  DF  .~.~.~.~ Mirror arrangement
783  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Concave mirror
784  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ With correcting plate
785  DF  .~.~.~.~ Adjustable
786  DF  .~.~.~.~ With screen or absorption filter
787  DF  .~.~.~ Cabinet or chassis
788  DF  .~.~.~.~ Folding
789  DF  .~.~ Cabinet or chassis
790  DF  .~ Liquid crystal
791  DF  .~.~ Color TV
792  DF  .~.~ Scanning circuit
793  DF  .~.~.~ Interlacing
794  DF  .~.~ With cabinet or housing structure
795  DF  .~ Direct viewed light valve
796  DF  .~ Vacuum panel
797  DF  .~ Gas discharge
798  DF  .~ Array of lamps
799  DF  .~.~ Color TV
800  DF  .~ Electroluminescent (e.g., scanned matrix, etc.)
801  DF  .~.~ Light emitting diode
802  DF  .~.~.~ Color TV
803  DF  .~.~ Color TV
804  DF  .~ With optical fiber device
805  DF  .~ Cathode-ray tube
806  DF  .~.~ With distortion, alignment or focus
807  DF  .~.~.~ Color convergence correction
808  DF  .~.~ Color TV
809  DF  .~.~.~ Separate electron beams in single tube
810  DF  .~.~.~ One electron beam supplying more than one color
811  DF  .~.~.~.~ Beam position indicating
812  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Horizontal stripes
813  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Photoelectric sensor
814  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Secondary emission sensor
815  DF  .~.~.~.~ With electron-optical color selection
816  DF  .~.~.~ With color specific optical device
817  DF  .~.~.~.~ Electrochromic device
818  DF  .~.~ Protective device
819  DF  .~.~.~ Radiation protection for user
820  DF  .~.~.~ External electric or magnetic effect
821  DF  .~.~.~ Implosion protection
822  DF  .~.~.~.~ Tensioned band
823  DF  .~.~.~.~ Protective glass or panel
824  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bonded to CRT faceplate
825  DF  .~.~ Support
826  DF  .~.~.~ CRT having only support at front portion
827  DF  .~.~.~ CRT position adjustable by user
828  DF  .~.~.~ Deflection element support
829  DF  .~.~.~.~ Yoke
830  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Supported by CRT neck
831  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Adjustable
832  DF  .~.~ With optical element
833  DF  .~.~.~ For line elimination
834  DF  .~.~.~ Glare reduction
835  DF  .~.~.~ Filters
836  DF  .~ Cabinet or chassis
837  DF  .~.~ With vehicle
838  DF  .~.~ Portable
839  DF  .~.~ Modular
840  DF  .~.~ Multiple screens
841  DF  .~.~ Masking
842  DF  .~.~ Light shielding
843  DF  .~.~ Cabinet back
844  DF  MISCELLANEOUS
*****************************
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
******************************
901  DF  HIGH SPEED TELEVISION SYSTEM
902  DF  PHOTOCHROMIC
903  DF  INCLUDING SIDE PANEL INFORMATION IN SINGLE CHANNEL
904  DF  SEPARATION OR JOINING OF SIDE AND CENTER PANELS
905  DF  REPRODUCTION OF A COLOR FIELD OR FRAME
906  DF  TELEVISION SCHEDULE
907  DF  COMMERCIAL VERIFICATION
908  DF  CONVERTIBLE CIRCUITS (E.G., Y/C SEPARATION OR NOISE REDUCTION)
909  DF  NOISE RESPONSIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING
910  DF  FLICKER REDUCTION
911  DF  LINE DOUBLER ADAPTED FOR REPRODUCING PROGRAM ORIGINALLY FROM FILM (E.G., 24 FRAME PER SECOND)
912  DF  DIFFERENTIAL AMPLITUDE CONSIDERATION (E.G., AMPLITUDE VS. FREQUENCY)
913  DF  LETTERBOX (E.G., DISPLAY 16:9 ASPECT RATIO IMAGE ON 4:3 SCREEN)
914  DF  DELAY FOR EQUALIZATION