US PATENT SUBCLASS 162 / 1
PROCESSES OF CHEMICAL LIBERATION, RECOVERY OR PURIFICATION OF NATURAL CELLULOSE OR FIBROUS MATERIAL

Current as of: June, 1999
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162 /   HD   PAPER MAKING AND FIBER LIBERATION

1PROCESSES OF CHEMICAL LIBERATION, RECOVERY OR PURIFICATION OF NATURAL CELLULOSE OR FIBROUS MATERIAL {33}
2  DF  .~> Animal fibers
3  DF  .~> Mineral fibers
4  DF  .~> Waste paper or textile waste {4}
9  DF  .~> With chemical or physical modification of liberated fiber
10  DF  .~> With non-fiber material added to product {2}
13  DF  .~> With formation of web or article
14  DF  .~> Including recovery of organic by-product {2}
17  DF  .~> Continuous chemical treatment or continuous charging or discharging {2}
20  DF  .~> With decortication or mechanical preparation of textile fibers
21  DF  .~> Defibration by projection or explosion {1}
23  DF  .~> Mechanical defibration in the presence of heated gas or gas under pressure
24  DF  .~> Chemical treatment after start or completion of mechanical defibration {1}
26  DF  .~> Simultaneous mechanical defibration and chemical treatment
27  DF  .~> Mechanical defibration of logs or blocks after chemical treatment
28  DF  .~> With plural or specified mechanical defibering step
29  DF  .~> With regeneration, reclamation, reuse, recycling or destruction of digestion fluid {3}
47  DF  .~> With heat recovery
48  DF  .~> With cleaning, preserving or conditioning of apparatus
49  DF  .~> With testing, sampling or analyzing
50  DF  .~> Utilizing electrical or radiant energy
51  DF  .~> Digestion odor control
52  DF  .~> Charging and/or discharging fibrous material
53  DF  .~> Vacuum treatment
54  DF  .~> Freezing
55  DF  .~> With classifying, separating or screening of pulp (solids from solids)
56  DF  .~> With squeezing, compression, rubbing, kneading
57  DF  .~> With agitation or forced circulation {2}
60  DF  .~> With washing
61  DF  .~> Regulatory {1}
63  DF  .~> Gas, vapor or mist contact {4}
69  DF  .~> Non-continuous liquid phase
70  DF  .~> Treatment with particular chemical {9}
91  DF  .~> Particular raw cellulosic materials {8}

DEFINITION

Classification: 162/1

(under the class definition) Processes for the liberation, recovery or purification of cellulose or of fibers as individual fibers or fibrous pulp occurring in a fibrous material by the use of a reagent which exerts some solvent or chemical action upon the fibrous material and the reagent compositions employed in such processes.

(1) Note. Processes classifiable in this or indented subclasses include those involving the use of a material which exerts some solvent action or reacts with some constituent of the fibrous material, without destroying the fibrous characteristics of the material. Included are treatments with steam and water heated above atmospheric temperature. Processes involving hydration, mercerizing or parchmentizing of the resultant liberated fiber or of an undried web of fibers freshly deposited from liquid suspension are also included, however other treatments of chemically modifying of fibers are classified in Class 8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, particularly subclasses 115.5+.

(2) Note. Chemical reagent compositions employed in processes of liberating (digesting) fibers are classified with the corresponding process of liberating, note particularly subclasses 70+. Processes involving recovering or regenerating such compositions in condition for reuse in digestion (liberation) are classified in subclasses 29+.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

29+, for processes including the recovery, reuse or recycling of the digestion agent or liquor (see (2) Note).

70+, for processes of liberating cellulosic fiber employing a particular digesting composition and for the compositions employed (see (2) Note).

100+, for liberated fiber compositions and fiber pulps resulting from processes classifiable herein (subclasses 1+) not otherwise provided for. 232+, for apparatus employed in processes of digestion of fibrous material classified herein (subclasses 1+).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, appropriate subclass for chemical modification and fluid treatment of fibers and textiles, not otherwise provided for. Processes of bleaching and purifying individual fibers or fiber pulp, as distinguished from filaments, yarns, textiles, etc., is classifiable in this class (162). Similarly, hydration, mercerization or parchmentizing such fibers or undried web thereof are also in this class (162). Other chemical modification or fluid treatment of textiles and fibers, (e.g., dyeing) are found in Class 8. Bleaching or purifying processes which, as claimed, may be applied either to a fiber or fibrous pulp as well as to a filament yarn or textile are classified in Class 8.

19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, appropriate subclasses, for the purification, recovery or liberation of fibers by mechanical action only.

106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic,

123.1, for coating or plastic compositions having as one ingredient thereof a cellulose liberation liquor.

205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,

689+, for electrolytic treatment of organic fibrous material.

241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,

28, and other appropriate subclasses, for processes of fiber liberation involving mechanical comminution only, or such comminution in the presence of water at ambient or lower temperatures. The combination of mechanical comminution and chemical treatment or treatment of fibrous material with water at higher than ambient temperature, is classified in Class 162. See especially subclasses 20 through 28.

252, Compositions, 182+, particularly subclasses 186.1+, 187.1 and 188.1+ for mere bleaching agents, even though they may be used for bleaching fibers as provided for herein (in Class 162).

423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, appropriate subclasses, for the recovery of chemical elements or inorganic compounds, per se, and for the line between the classes, see line note to Class 162 in the definition of class 423, Search Notes.

435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,

277, and 278 for processes of liberating, recovering and/or purifying of fibers, involving fermentation.

536, Organic Compounds, particularly

30, and 56 for processes of modifying cellulose in which its fibrous nature is destroyed, e.g., in the production of cellulose esters.