US PATENT SUBCLASS 516 / 9
CONTINUOUS LIQUID OR SUPERCRITICAL PHASE: COLLOID SYSTEMS; COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN AGENT FOR MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS (E.G., THICKENING AGENT; PROTECTIVE COLLOID AGENT; COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN EMULSIFYING AGENT WITH NO DISPERSANT* DISCLOSED; ORGANIC LIQUID EMULSIFIED IN ANHYDROUS HF)

Current as of: June, 1999
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516 /   HD   COLLOID SYSTEMS AND WETTING AGENTS; SUBCOMBINATIONS THEREOF; PROCESSES OF

9CONTINUOUS LIQUID OR SUPERCRITICAL PHASE: COLLOID SYSTEMS; COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN AGENT FOR MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS (E.G., THICKENING AGENT; PROTECTIVE COLLOID AGENT; COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN EMULSIFYING AGENT WITH NO DISPERSANT* DISCLOSED; ORGANIC LIQUID EMULSIFIED IN ANHYDROUS HF) {5}
10  DF  .~> Having discontinuous gas or vapor phase, i.e., foam {6}
20  DF  .~> Primarily organic continuous liquid phase (e.g., organic liquid emulsified in an organic liquid) {2}
38  DF  .~> Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily bituminous (e.g., asphalt, pitch, tar, montan wax, paraffin wax), or coal, or elemental Carbon {6}
53  DF  .~> Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily organic liquid (e.g., organosilicon* oil- or mineral-oil*-in-water, o/w emulsion) {6}
77  DF  .~> Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily solid (e.g., water based suspensions, dispersions, or certain sols*, of natural or synthetic ester-wax, beeswax, carnauba wax; or latex dispersion) {1}

DEFINITION

Classification: 516/9

CONTINUOUS LIQUID OR SUPERCRITICAL PHASE: COLLOID SYSTEMS;

COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN AGENT FOR MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS (E.G., THICKENING AGENT; PROTECTIVE COLLOID AGENT; COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN EMULSIFYING AGENT WITH NO DISPERSANT* DISCLOSED; ORGANIC LIQUID EMULSIFIED IN ANHYDROUS HF):

(under the class definition) Subject matter which is a (1) colloid system having a continuous liquid or supercritical phase, (2) composition containing an agent* for making or stabilizing such a system, such as thickening agent* or other adjuvants, (3) process of making or stabilizing such a system, or (4) process of preparing a composition containing an agent* for making or stabilizing such a system; such as, compositions containing an emulsifying agent* or colloid system stabilizing agent* with no dispersant* disclosed, organic* liquid emulsified in anhydrous HF; with the proviso that no continuous or semicontinuous solid phase is present (i.e. excludes paste, gel, floc, gelled emulsion, etc.).

(1) Note. When the disclosure does not specify the continuous and the discontinuous phases sufficiently to place in an indented subclass, then the patent is placed in this subclass. However, some colloid systems have generic or subgeneric placements, such as a foam colloid system, which has a proper generic placement (i.e., all foam systems are provided for), or a primarily organic continuous liquid phase colloid system. When multiple genera are disclosed, each should be cross-referenced.

(2) Note. Certain subject matter is proper for placement in this subclass, there being no indented subclass providing for such subject matter. An example is an organic* liquid emulsified in anhydrous-HF (which is nonaqueous and nonorganic*). Another example is thickening agents for aqueous continuous phase systems in which the discontinuous phase has not been disclosed (therefor it could be organic liquid, solid, or bituminous). Continuous supercritical phase colloid systems are placed in this subclass.

(3) Note. See this class definition, in Section II, LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection C., Guidelines for OR (Original Reference) and XR (Cross Reference) Placement, hereinabove, for explanation of placement requirements for references. A generically claimed colloid system or making composition which is not provided for in the USPCS, requires an XR herein. Further, the placement of any generic claim must be premised on that generic disclosure rather than upon a specific use for which a classification is already made elsewhere (such as those classes which provide for solely disclosed subject matter). For example, a surfactant mixture solely disclosed as an aqueous phase laundry cleaning agent (which is inferred to define an oil-in-water system) and generically described as useful for surfactant uses or other such broad language which does not afford determination of or limitation to a specific continuous phase is placed in this subclass because no

continuous phase is specified. If the broad language does specify the continuous and/or discontinuous phase so as to satisfy an indented subclass area, then and only then placement is made therein; multiple placements made be required in the case of generic and subgeneric type disclosures. In summation, users of this class schedule should locate all broadly defined liquid phase surfactants in this subclass if the continuous phase is generic.

(4) Note. As set forth in the class definition, included in this and indented subclasses are subcombination compositions, which includes those compositions which are substantially completely formulated except for performing a step thereon to form the colloid system, such as a chemical reaction, or a physical step. Examples of such step include depressurizing, heating, agitating, dissolving. Thus, a mixture intended to be agitated into an emulsion or a foam is proper for placement in this and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 10+, for colloid systems of continuous liquid phase and a discontinuous gas or vapor phase, i.e., foam.

20, for oil-in-oil emulsions, and other discontinuous organic* liquid phase dispersed in continuous organic* liquid phase.

21+, for emulsions in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily inorganic* liquid, such as water-in-oil emulsions.

31+, for colloid systems in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily solid or semisolid material* (e.g., suspensions or dispersions).

32, for colloid systems in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily solid or semisolid material* which is primarily elemental carbon, such as graphite or diamond dispersed or suspended in oil or other primarily organic* continuous liquid phase.

38+, for colloid systems (e.g., emulsions, suspensions, or dispersions) in which the continuous liquid phase is aqueous and the discontinuous phase is primarily bituminous, coal, or carbon.

53+, for colloid systems (e.g., emulsions) in which the continuous liquid phase is aqueous and the discontinuous phase is primarily organic* liquid.

77+, for colloid systems (e.g., suspensions, or dispersions) in which the continuous liquid phase is aqueous and the discontinuous phase is primarily nonbituminous solid.

98+, for gel or gelled emulsions (e.g., paste, gel, floc, gelled emulsion).

901, for a collection of art related to colloid systems of substantially pure carbon, such as graphite, diamond, carbon black, lamp black, Fullerenes.

902, for an art collection under the class definition which discloses gelled emulsions. 905+, for a collection of art under the Class definition which discloses a per se composition containing a colloid system making or stabilizing agent* (e.g., foaming, emulsifying, dispersing, gelling), i.e., a composition containing said agent* and lacking both dispersant* and dispersand*.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

60, Power Plants,

39.464, for a reaction motor having means to produce combustion products wherein the fuel may be a solid, slurry, emulsion, dispersion, or suspension.

62, Refrigeration,

54.1, for a process or apparatus for storing a cryogen as a mixture of diverse phases, such as, a gel or colloid suspension.

71, Chemistry: Fertilizers,

64.08, for processes directed to the preparation of fertilizers in form of slurry or suspension, and the produced plant fertilizing compositions.

106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate subclasses for coating or plastic compositions, and materials or ingredients used in the making of coating or plastic compositions, which are not elsewhere classified. See

162.1+, for coating or plastic composition containing a carbohydrate* or carbohydrate-derivative* which may be an emulsion (e.g., cellulose ether or ester), subclass 271 for dispersions of paraffin wax in water which contain more than just the material necessary to produce or stabilize the dispersion, subclass 277 for bituminous emulsions which contain more than just those components necessary to form or stabilize the emulsion, subclass 278 for bituminous dispersions which contain more than just those components necessary to form or stabilize the emulsion, and subclass 646 for inorganic settable composition containing protein which sets or hardens when mixed with water or aqueous solutions, usually forming a hard, stone-like product, and forming foam, cellular, hollow, or porous material.

134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for an apparatus for or processes of cleaning, which may include use of detergents, or for contacting solids with liquids for any purpose not provided for in another class. 137, Fluid Handling,

13, for processes in which flow of fluent material is facilitated by the addition of material which affects the flow characteristics of the fluent material (e.g., suspending agent, viscosity reducing agent), or by the application of heat or other forms of energy.

138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits,

40+, for some devices disclosed for the purpose of forming a mixture or emulsion of a plurality of fluids but in which the claims are limited to the structure of the conduit and the flow restrictor.

205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,

334+, for processes or compositions for the preparation of chemical compounds or of elements by means of electrolytic action (especially subclass 352 for processes wherein an emulsion, dispersion, or suspension is utilized as the electrolyte or bath, subclass 353 for processes wherein an electrolyte system having two or more separate, immiscible layers are utilized), and subclass 699 for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece for shape or surface change (e.g., etching, polishing, etc.) (process and electrolyte composition) wherein the electrolyte is held into contact with a portion of the workpiece surface by surface tension or capillary action.

209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,

5, for methods or apparatus for treatment of materials or items prior to their separation to facilitate the latter in which certain components of a mixture may be deflocculated or dispersed relatively to others or by which certain components may be flocculated (this subclass receives only methods and apparatus in which the deflocculation or coagulation is contributory to a subsequent separation of some components from others).

210, Liquid Purification or Separation,

634+, for liquid/liquid solvent or colloid dispersion extraction.

252, Compositions, for all those compositions for which there is no provision elsewhere in the USPCS; including those compositions (or appropriate methods) which are claimed as specifically intended for a special use or function, but which, if only generically claimed, would be proper for Class

516, provided that subject matter is hierarchically superior within Class 252. See 71+, for compositions for thickening liquids for use as hydraulic fluids.

366, Agitating,

108+, for apparatus wherein the agitation is effected by vibratory device, subclasses 176.1+ for apparatus for forming suspensions or emulsions by agitation, cross-reference art collection 605 for mixing apparatus for stirring of paint. Processes which form colloid systems, such as emulsifying or foaming, are proper for compositions Classes for the claimed specified use compositions, and for Class 516 for nonspecified use compositions (generic).

422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,

41+, for processes of storage of liquid which may involve use of a colloid system such as an emulsion or foam spread on the surface of the liquid.

426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,

531+, for per se products or processes of preparing or treating compositions involving chemical reaction by addition, combining diverse food material, or permanent additive (particularly subclasses 602+ for an aqueous emulsion in a composition having fat or oil basic ingredient other than butter in emulsion form, subclass 654 for stabilizing or preserving agent or emulsifier other than organophosphatide), and subclass 519 for processes including mixing or agitating, e.g., homogenizing.

430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,

113, for image developing composition or product which is a multiple phase liquid carrier medium, such as an emulsion, for electric or magnetic imagery, subclasses 377+ for emulsifier in a coupling compound with silver compound sensitizer in a process of color imaging using a radiation sensitive composition, and subclass 493 for surfactant or emulsifier processing additive in a developer for nonradiation sensitive image processing compositions or process of making.

507, Earth Boring, Well Treating, and Oil Field Chemistry,

90, for compositions for addition to petroleum oils during transportation through conduits to prevent fouling or clogging of the conduits due to components of the petroleum oils precipitating out during the transportation (e.g., suspending agents, antiflocculants), subclasses 100+ for

earth boring compositions which may contain colloid systems (e.g., dispersions, suspensions, emulsions) or wetting agents (especially subclass 102 for compositions which may contain foam), and subclasses 200+ for well treating compositions which may contain colloid systems (e.g., dispersions, suspensions, emulsions) or wetting agents (especially subclass 202 for compositions which may contain foam). 508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Material Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, appropriate subclasses for claimed or solely disclosed lubricants which may be colloid systems. This class is organized based upon the chemical constituents or chemical reactants of the composition or device; no subclass specifically provides for colloid systems or wetting agents, therefore such subject matter would be placed based upon its constituents as though it were a solution or mixture having no colloid system characteristic.

514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,

772+, for compositions which contain a designated nonbioactive organic compound (e.g., emulsifying polymers, gelatin), cross-reference art collections 936-975 which pertain to specifically disclosed carrier systems, physical form, or specified nonbioactive ingredient (particularly cross-reference art collections 937+ for subject matter involving a composition in the form of a dispersion or emulsion, cross-reference art collection 945 for subject matter involving a foam and containing specified ingredients to form said foam).

520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses for (1) synthetic resins, per se, or (2) resin containing compositions, the use or utility of which is not specifically provided for elsewhere. The subject matter of the Class 520 series is hierarchically superior to Class 516 for placement of ORs (original reference).

1, of Class 520 is the residual subclass for solid resin containing subject matter. See various subclasses in the 520 series of classes for aqueous or organic dispersions, latexes, or gels, of a polymer or natural or synthetic rubber, and methods of making or treating same.

523, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers--Part of the Class 520 Series,

171, for nonporous synthetic polymeric compositions having opalescent, pearlescent, or variegated color.

524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers--Part of the Class 520 Series,

457+, for polymerizing an ethylenic monomer in the presence of a preformed SICP or solid polymer and in the presence of a

nonreactive material so as to form an aqueous dispersion, latex, suspension, or emulsion therewith, or product thereof.