US PATENT SUBCLASS 516 / 53
.~ Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily organic liquid (e.g., organosilicon* oil- or mineral-oil*-in-water, o/w emulsion)

Current as of: June, 1999
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516 /   HD   COLLOID SYSTEMS AND WETTING AGENTS; SUBCOMBINATIONS THEREOF; PROCESSES OF

9  DF  CONTINUOUS LIQUID OR SUPERCRITICAL PHASE: COLLOID SYSTEMS; COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN AGENT FOR MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF MAKING OR STABILIZING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS (E.G., THICKENING AGENT; PROTECTIVE COLLOID AGENT; COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN EMULSIFYING AGENT WITH NO DISPERSANT* DISCLOSED; ORGANIC LIQUID EMULSIFIED IN ANHYDROUS HF) {5}
53.~ Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily organic liquid (e.g., organosilicon* oil- or mineral-oil*-in-water, o/w emulsion) {6}
54  DF  .~.~> Three or more liquid phases (e.g., water-in-oil-in-water, w/o/w emulsion)
55  DF  .~.~> The agent contains organic compound containing silicon
56  DF  .~.~> The agent contains organic compound containing phosphorus (e.g., lecithin) {1}
58  DF  .~.~> The agent contains organic compound containing sulfoxy* (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate) {5}
67  DF  .~.~> The agent contains organic compound containing nitrogen, except if present solely as NH4+ {3}
72  DF  .~.~> The agent contains organic compound containing oxygen {3}

DEFINITION

Classification: 516/53

Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase primarily organic liquid (e.g., organosilicon* oil- or mineral-oil*-in-water, o/w emulsion):

(under subclass 9) Subject matter in which the colloid system contains a aqueous continuous liquid phase with a discontinuous phase which is primarily organic* liquid, such as organosilicon* oil- or mineral-oil*-in-water, o/w emulsion.

(1) Note. Primarily organic* means that 50% or more of that liquid phase is organic* material*, by weight, volume, or molecule.

(2) Note. Materials* used as agents* which are impurely or crudely derived from plant or animal sources, are assumed to contain nitrogen-containing organic* compounds (i.e., the DNA and proteins), unless clearly separated out, such as cellulose, carbohydrate fractions, etc.

(3) Note. See this class definition, in Section II, LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection C., Guidelines for OR (Original Reference) and XR (Cross Reference) Placement, hereinabove, for explanation of placement requirements for references. A generically claimed colloid system or making composition which is not provided for in the USPCS, requires an XR herein. Further, the placement of any generic claim must be premised on that generic disclosure rather than upon a specific use for which a classification is already made elsewhere (such as those

classes which provide for solely disclosed subject matter). For example, a surfactant mixture solely disclosed as an aqueous phase laundry cleaning agent (which is inferred to define an oil-in-water system) and generically described as useful for surfactant uses or other such broad language which does not afford determination of or limitation to a specific continuous phase is placed in this subclass because no continuous phase is specified. If the broad language does specify the continuous and/or discontinuous phase so as to satisfy an indented subclass area, then and only then placement is made therein; multiple placements made be required in the case of generic and subgeneric type disclosures. In summation, users of this class schedule should locate all broadly defined liquid phase surfactants in this subclass if the continuous phase is generic.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

9, for colloid systems based on continuous liquid phase (e.g., emulsions, suspensions, or dispersions) in which it is unknown whether the continuous liquid phase is aqueous or organic*.

10+, for colloid systems of continuous liquid phase and a discontinuous gas or vapor phase, i.e., foam. 20, for oil-in-oil emulsions, and other discontinuous organic* liquid phase dispersed in continuous organic* liquid phase.

21+, for emulsions in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily inorganic* liquid, such as water-in-oil emulsions.

31+, for colloid systems in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily solid or semisolid material* (e.g., suspensions or dispersions).

32, for colloid systems in which the continuous liquid phase is primarily organic* and the discontinuous phase is primarily solid or semisolid material* which is primarily elemental carbon, such as graphite or diamond dispersed or suspended in oil or other primarily organic* continuous liquid phase.

38+, for colloid systems (e.g., emulsions, suspensions, or dispersions) in which the continuous liquid phase is aqueous and the discontinuous phase is primarily bituminous, coal, or carbon.

77+, for colloid systems (e.g., suspensions, or dispersions) in which the continuous liquid phase is aqueous and the discontinuous phase is primarily nonbituminous solid.

901, for a collection of art related to colloid systems of substantially pure carbon, such as graphite, diamond, carbon

black, lamp black, fullerenes.

905+, for a collection of art under the class definition which discloses a per se composition containing a colloid system making or stabilizing agent* (e.g., foaming, emulsifying, dispersing, gelling), i.e., a composition containing said agent* and lacking both dispersant* and dispersand*.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

44, Fuel and Related Compositions,

301+, for liquid fuels comprising an emulsion, such as water-gasoline emulsions or microemulsions. 60, Power Plants,

39.464, for reaction motor having means to produce combustion products wherein the fuel may be a solid, slurry, emulsion, dispersion, or suspension.

73, Measuring and Testing,

53.01+, for liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a liquid (particularly subclasses 61.44+ for determining content or effect of a constituent of a mixture of plural liquids (e.g., multiphase liquid)).

106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, appropriate subclasses for coating or plastic compositions, and materials or ingredients used in the making of coating or plastic compositions, which may be emulsions, dispersions, suspensions, which are not elsewhere classified.

137, Fluid Handling,

13, for processes in which flow of fluent material is facilitated by the addition of material which affects the flow characteristics of the fluent material (e.g., suspending agent, viscosity reducing agent), or by the application of heat or other forms of energy.

138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits. See

40+, for some devices disclosed for the purpose of forming a mixture or emulsion of a plurality of fluids but in which the claims are limited to the structure of the conduit and the flow restrictor.

205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,

334+, for processes or compositions for the preparation of chemical compounds or of elements by means of electrolytic action (especially subclass 352 for processes wherein an emulsion, dispersion, or suspension is utilized as the

electrolyte or bath, subclass 353 for processes wherein an electrolyte system having two or more separate, immiscible layers are utilized), subclass 699 for processes in which the material is organic which contains (a) a natural or synthetic elastic polymer commonly known as rubber (e.g., caoutchouc, neoprene, etc.) or (b) a dispersion or emulsion of a natural or synthetic elastic polymer in water commonly known as latex. 210, Liquid Purification or Separation,

634+, for liquid/liquid solvent or colloid dispersion extraction.

252, Compositions, for all those compositions for which there is no provision elsewhere in the USPCS; including those compositions (or appropriate methods) which are claimed as specifically intended for a special use or function, but which, if only generically claimed, would be proper for Class 516, provided that subject matter is hierarchically superior within Class 252.

366, Agitating,

108+, for apparatus wherein the agitation is effected by vibratory device, and subclasses 176.1+ for apparatus for forming suspensions or emulsions by agitation, cross-reference art collection 605 for mixing apparatus for stirring of paint. Processes which form colloid systems, such as emulsifying or foaming, are proper for compositions classes for the claimed specified use compositions, and for Class 516 for non-specified use compositions (generic).

422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,

41+, for processes of storage of liquid which may involve use of a colloid system such as an emulsion or foam spread on the surface of the liquid.

424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,

455, for a capsule which contains an emulsion, dispersion, or solution, subclass 70.19 for compositions which have topical nontherapeutic utility for treating the hair or scalp of the living body (e.g. grooming or adorning aids, tonics, rinses) which contain two or more surfactants (i.e. compounds that lower the surface or interfacial tension, including detergents, foaming or wetting agents, emulsifiers, solubilizers, or dispersants) which are either designated in the claims or are art recognized as such, and subclasses 278.1+ for a claimed particular emulsifier for a nonspecific immunoeffector.

426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,

531+, for per se products or processes of preparing or treating compositions involving chemical reaction by addition, combining diverse food material, or permanent additive (particularly subclasses 602+ for an aqueous emulsion in a composition having fat or oil basic ingredient other than butter in emulsion form, subclass 654 for stabilizing or preserving agent or emulsifier other than organophosphatide), and subclass 519 for processes including mixing or agitating, e.g., homogenizing. 430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,

113, for image developing composition or product which is a multiple phase liquid carrier medium, such as an emulsion, for electric or magnetic imagery, subclasses 377+ for emulsifier in a coupling compound with silver compound sensitizer in a process of color imaging using a radiation sensitive composition, and subclass 493 for surfactant or emulsifier processing additive in a developer for nonradiation sensitive image processing compositions or process of making.

435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,

262+, for processes in which preexisting material or compound, which may include a hazardous or toxic waste, present in a composition or material containing a preexisting material, is contacted with an enzyme or immobilized enzyme micro-organism or plant or animal cells to isolate or recover the preexisting material which is chemically unchanged by the process and the hazardous or toxic waste is destroyed (especially subclass 262.5 for processes wherein hazardous or toxic waste such as oil spill is destroyed or converted into an environmentally safe substance, subclass 266 for processes of using enzyme or microorganism to liberate, separate, or purify by treating gas, emulsion, or foam, subclasses 281+ for processes of recovering petroleum or shale oil), foreign art collection FOR 184 for method of using gentically engineered cells other than hybrid or fused cells for oil spill cleanup.

504, Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a plant stimulating or eradicating composition; including colloid systems, wetting agents, subcombination compositions therefor, or appropriate methods which are claimed as specifically intended for such use.

507, Earth Boring, Well Treating, and Oil Field Chemistry,

90, for compositions for addition to petroleum oils during transportation through conduits to prevent fouling or clogging of the conduits due to components of the petroleum oils precipitating out during the transportation (e.g., suspending agents, antiflocculants), subclasses 100+ for earth boring compositions which may contain colloid systems (e.g., dispersions, suspensions, emulsions) or wetting

agents, and subclasses 200+ for well treating compositions which may contain colloid systems (e.g., dispersions, suspensions, emulsions) or wetting agents.

508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Material Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions, appropriate subclasses for claimed or solely disclosed lubricants composed of oil-in-water emulsions. This Class is organized based upon the chemical constituents or chemical reactants of the composition or device; no subclass specifically provides for colloid systems or wetting agents, therefore such subject matter would be placed based upon its constituents as though it were a solution or mixture having no colloid system characteristic.

510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses for claimed or solely disclosed cleaning compositions for cleaning or removing foreign matter from solid surfaces which may be oil-in-water emulsion. Although various subclasses specifically provide for colloid systems or wetting agents, such subject matter may be placed based upon another criterion, such as its chemical constitution (i.e., as though it has no colloid system characteristic). Areas known to have documents related to oil-in-water emulsion colloid systems include:

133+, for composition for cleaning human skin (especially subclass 158 for cream, paste, or gel), subclasses 221+ for liquid, paste, or gel composition used in automatic dishwasher, subclass 242 for liquid composition (e.g., emulsion) for removing foreign matter from surface carrying a protective or ornamental coating, finish, or adhesively attached covering (e.g., from painted or papered wall, automobile body), subclasses 276+ for cleaning compositions for textile material (e.g., laundry detergent) (particularly subclass 280 for gel or liquid composition for cleaning pile fabric or upholstery (e.g., carpet, rug), subclass 336 for gel, cream, or paste, subclasses 337+ for liquid compositions), subclasses 367+ for cleaning compositions with oxygen or halogen containing chemical bleach or oxidant component (particularly subclass 370 for liquid, paste, foam, or gel (e.g., slurry, aerosol composition or package)), subclasses 383+ for liquid, paste, or gel cleaning composition with halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, or phosphorus containing antiseptic or biocidal component, subclasses 395+ for cleaning composition with a scrubbing or scouring component (e.g., containing an abrasive, cream, paste, gel, gas-propelled, slurry), subclass 404 for cream or paste cleaning composition, subclasses 405+ for liquid cleaning compositions, especially for chemically specified surfactants (particularly subclass 417 for plural immiscible liquid phases (e.g., emulsion, oily and aqueous layers)), subclasses 535 for surfactant compositions (other that raw soap) which are specialized for use in cleaning compositions together with other auxiliary components (particularly subclass 537

for liquid or paste). 514, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,

772+, for compositions which contain a designated nonbioactive organic compound (e.g., emulsifying polymers, gelatin), cross-reference art collections 936-975 which pertain to specifically disclosed carrier systems, physical form, or specified nonbioactive ingredient (particularly cross-reference art collections 937+ for subject matter involving a composition in the form of a dispersion or emulsion).

520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses for (1) synthetic resins, per se, or (2) resin containing compositions, the use or utility of which is not specifically provided for elsewhere. The subject matter of the Class 520 series is hierarchically superior to Class 516 for placement of ORs (original reference).

1, of Class 520 is the residual subclass for solid resin containing subject matter. See various subclasses in the 520 series of classes for aqueous or organic dispersions, latexes, or gels, of a polymer or natural or synthetic rubber, and methods of making or treating same.

524, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers--Part of the Class 520 Series,

457+, for polymerizing an ethylenic monomer in the presence of a preformed SICP or solid polymer and in the presence of a nonreactive material so as to form an aqueous dispersion, latex, suspension, or emulsion therewith, or product thereof.

528, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers--Part of the Class 520 Series, cross-reference art collections 934+ for subject matter relating to recovery and physical processing of natural rubber latex (particularly cross-reference art collection 936 for coagulating).