US PATENT SUBCLASS 558 / 308
.~.~ Processes for forming the cyano group


Current as of: June, 1999
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558 /   HD   ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES

*  DD  ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Class 532, Subclass 1) {21}
303  DF  .~ Nitriles (i.e., compounds having cyano bonded directly to carbon, which carbon may be single bonded to any atom but may be multiple bonded only to carbon) {21}
308.~.~ Processes for forming the cyano group {7}
309  DF  .~.~.~> Hetero ring containing reactant {1}
311  DF  .~.~.~> Reactant is a carboxylic acid, or an amide, anhydride, ester, halide, or salt thereof {2}
314  DF  .~.~.~> Utilizing nitryl halide, nitrosyl halide, HCH=NO- or HHNO- (wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only; e.g., oximes, oxime esters, hydroxylamine salts, olefin-nitrosyl chloride adducts, etc.)
315  DF  .~.~.~> Reactant is an aldehyde or ketone, or a compound having carbon double bonded to nitrogen (e.g., ammoxidation of acrolein, etc.)
316  DF  .~.~.~> Reactant contains -OH bonded directly to acyclic or alicyclic carbon (wherein H of -OH may be replaced by substituted or unsubstituted ammonium, or by a Group IA or IIA light metal)
317  DF  .~.~.~> Utilizing a nitrogen oxide or an azide
318  DF  .~.~.~> Ammonia utilized {3}


DEFINITION

Classification: 558/308

(under subclass 303) Processes which involve formation of the cyano (-C=N) group.

(1) Note. Examples of processes provided for herein are: (a) conversion of methylaine to acetonitrile by heating with a transition metal catalyst in the presence of hydrogen, and (b) preparation of acetonitrile by contacting nitropropane with platinum under vapor phase conditions.

(2) Note. For processes wherein nitriles are formed by introducing a cyano group into an organic compound via reaction with, inter alia, inorganic cyanides, search this class, subclasses 332+.