US PATENT SUBCLASS 435 / 7.7
.~.~ Assay in which a label present is an apoenzyme, prosthetic group, or enzyme cofactor

Current as of: June, 1999
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435 /   HD   CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY

4  DF  MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESS INVOLVING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS; COMPOSITION OR TEST STRIP THEREFORE; PROCESSES OF FORMING SUCH COMPOSITION OR TEST STRIP {15}
7.1  DF  .~ Involving antigen-antibody binding, specific binding protein assay or specific ligand-receptor binding assay {9}
7.7.~.~ Assay in which a label present is an apoenzyme, prosthetic group, or enzyme cofactor

DEFINITION

Classification: 435/7.7

Assay in which a label present is an apoenzyme, prosthetic group, or enzyme cofactor:

(under subclass 7.1) Subject matter in which a label is present in the assay and is an apoenzyme, prosthetic group or enzyme cofactor.

(1) Note. See subclass 7.1 for the definition of label.

(2) Note. An enzyme cofactor is a nonprotein substance whose presence is required for an enzyme to exhibit its catalytic activity and which undergoes a chemical change during the catalytic cycle of the enzyme involved. A coenzyme is a type of enzyme cofactor which is chemically modified in the course of the reaction catalyzed by the parent enzyme. Regeneration of the original form of the cofactor requires its participation in a separate reaction that is catalyzed by an enzyme other than the parent enzyme. A prosthetic group is an enzyme cofactor which is chemically modified in the course of the reaction catalyzed by the parent enzyme and is regenerated by a second reaction catalyzed by the parent

enzyme. Prosthetic groups are bound to the protein portion of the parent enzyme, such protein portion being known as the apoenzyme and the catalytically active parent enzyme being known as the holoenzyme.

(3) Note. Prosthetic groups and Holoenzymes. In the list below, the prosthetic group (underlined) is first, follwed by the conjugated enzyme.

(a) flavine adenine, glutathione;

(b) dinucleotide (FAD), reductase (human erythrocytes);

(c) flavin mononucleotide (FMN), cytochrome reductase (yeast); (d) FMN, NADPH: oxidoreductase ("old yellow enzyme");

(e) FAD, glucose oxidase (Aspergillus niger);

(f) FAD, lipoamide dehydrogenase;

(g) FMN, pyridoxine phosphate oxidase;

(h) heme, peroxidase (horseradish);

(i) heme, cytochrome C.