US PATENT SUBCLASS 516 / 136
.~.~ Breaking (resolving) or inhibiting occurs on the surface of a solid agent (e.g., adsorbent, absorbent, differential adherence surface, filter, sharp edged particles)

Current as of: June, 1999
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516 /   HD   COLLOID SYSTEMS AND WETTING AGENTS; SUBCOMBINATIONS THEREOF; PROCESSES OF

113  DF  COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING AN AGENT FOR BREAKING (RESOLVING) OR INHIBITING COLLOID SYSTEMS; PROCESSES OF BREAKING (RESOLVING) OR INHIBITING COLLOID SYSTEMS (E.G., GEL BREAKING OR INHIBITING, COAGULATING, FLOCCULATING); PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS {3}
135  DF  .~ Continuous liquid phase colloid system and discontinuous liquid phase (e.g., breaking an emulsion) {4}
136.~.~ Breaking (resolving) or inhibiting occurs on the surface of a solid agent (e.g., adsorbent, absorbent, differential adherence surface, filter, sharp edged particles) {2}
137  DF  .~.~.~> The agent contains both organic and inorganic (except water) material
138  DF  .~.~.~> The agent contains inorganic (except water) material (e.g., metal screen, CaCO3, glass, clay, diatomaceous earth, sand, gravel, alum)

DEFINITION

Classification: 516/136

Breaking (resolving) or inhibiting occurs on the surface of a solid agent (e.g., adsorbent, absorbent, differential adherence surface, filter, sharp edged particles):

(under subclass 113) Subject matter in which the breaking (resolving) or inhibiting agent* occurs on the surface of a solid material*, such as, solid adsorbent, absorbent, differential adherence surface, filter media, sharp edged particles, for example processes which describe the phenomenon of coalescence occurring on the surface of the solid agent.

(1) Note. Included here are documents disclosing solids comprising filter beds, screens, particulates (such as sand), adsorbents, and absorbents, whether they are described as acting physically or chemically (bonding), such as by differential wetting, hydrogen bonding, etc.

(2) Note. Not included here are documents merely disclosing typical apparatus such as vessel, container, pipe walls, agitator vanes, etc., without a description of coalescence

upon the apparatus surfaces.

(3) Note. Not included here are documents merely disclosing centrifuging, mechanical shocking, or specified agitating, without a description of coalescence upon the apparatus surfaces. Such processes typically disclose coalescence among the dispersed phase droplets themselves.

(4) Note. Solid material* which is entirely organic* material* or the nature of which is indeterminable is proper for placement in this subclass since no indented subclass provides for that subject matter.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

135, for dilution performed only with a material* which is the same as the primary component of one of the two liquid phase in order to effect breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of a colloid system, and not combined with a step of vaporizing, heating, or cooling (as provided for subclasses 194+, below) and not combined with a step of centrifuging, mechanical shocking, or specified agitating (as provided for in subclass 197, below), there being no indented subclass providing for this subject matter. 139+, for similar subject matter related to breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of emulsions using an agent* which contains material* different from the primary components of both liquid phases of the colloid system, other than as provided for in subclasses 136+ (using an agent* which is solid surface functioning), and other than as provided for in subclass 140 (physically or chemically dissolving binding, or destroying or at least part of one liquid phase (other than the colloid system making or stabilizing agent*)); particularly subclass 141 for breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of aqueous-petroleum*, petroleum*-aqueous, aqueous-hydrocarbon, or hydrocarbon-aqueous emulsions using an agent* which contains a material* which is only inorganic*, and subclass 142 for breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of aqueous-petroleum*, petroleum*-aqueous, aqueous-hydrocarbon, or hydrocarbon-aqueous emulsions using an agent* which contains a material* which contains both organic* material* and inorganic* material*.

194+, for subject matter related to breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of emulsions using vaporizing, heating, or cooling, and without using an added material* dissimilar from the primary component of both liquid phases.

197, for subject matter related to breaking (resolving) or inhibiting of emulsions using centrifuging, mechanical shocking, or specified agitating, and without using an added material* dissimilar from the primary component of both liquid phases.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS

210, Liquid Purification or Separation,

708, for processes in which an emulsion is treated by a chemical or physical agent to cause the discontinuous phase to coalesce, and cross-reference art collections 922+ for oil spill cleanup (e.g., cross-reference art collection 925 for using chemical agent).