US PATENT SUBCLASS 428 / 615
.~ Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components (e.g., layers, joint, etc.)

Current as of: June, 1999
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428 /   HD   STOCK MATERIAL OR MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES

544  DF  ALL METAL OR WITH ADJACENT METALS {31}
615.~ Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components (e.g., layers, joint, etc.) {15}
616  DF  .~.~> Deflectable by temperature change (e.g., thermostat element) {3}
620  DF  .~.~> Semiconductor component
621  DF  .~.~> With additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component {7}
635  DF  .~.~> Four or more distinct components with alternate recurrence of each type component
636  DF  .~.~> Adjacent, identical composition, components {1}
639  DF  .~.~> O, S, or organic compound in metal component {1}
641  DF  .~.~> Ge- or Si-base component
642  DF  .~.~> Ga-, In-, Tl- or Group VA metal-base component
643  DF  .~.~> Pb- and Sn-base components: alternative to or next to each other* {1}
645  DF  .~.~> Pb-base component
646  DF  .~.~> Sn-base component {2}
649  DF  .~.~> Group IIA metal-base component
650  DF  .~.~> Al-base component {3}
655  DF  .~.~> Transition metal-base component {4}
686  DF  .~.~> Adjacent functionally defined components

DEFINITION

Classification: 428/615

(under subclass 544) Subject matter which comprises at least two different, contiguous* layers or portions, each having a matrix or continuous phase of free metal.

(1) Note. Neither a disclosure of, nor a product claim containing a lamination to a particular process for producing or uniting two or more metallic layers or portions will exclude an invention from this subclass; however, see the search notes to Classes 148 and 427, below.

(2) Note. This and the indented subclasses provide for wire and filaments, greater than 6 mils in diameter, or of unspecified diameter, made by joining two or more different metals. Metal wire coated with a different metal is also classified in this and the indented subclasses.

(3) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are soldered, brazed or welded joints, claimed as joints, which are characterized only by the composition of the metal parts joined and/or of the filler metal. Where merely a "weld deposit" is claimed, the claimed subject matter is considered to be merely a composition for a composition class, e.g., Class 420, subclasses 122.1+.

(4) Note. The term "base-metal", as used in the subclass

titles indented hereunder, means a content of a particular metal or group of metals of more than 40 percent.

(5) Note. The term "alternative", as used in the subclass titles indented hereunder, means that the base metal of a component may be either one of the metals or metal groups of the title, or may be a combination of such metals. Further, the alternativeness need not be expressed in a single claim or "Markush" group, but may be based upon different claims; thus, a patent having one claim to a lead-coated iron composite and another claim to a tin-coated iron composite is proper for classification in subclass 644 and need not be cross-referenced elsewhere on the basis of these two claims. (6) Note. Where a "diffusion" layer or portion is claimed, made by interdiffusion during heat treatment of materials from two adjacent metal layers or portions, the diffusion layer or portion is ignored in classifying the patent.

(7) Note. Placing of original and cross-reference patents.

I. It is necessary to provide an original or cross-reference copy of a patent in this or the subclasses indented hereunder, for, at most, only each interface of the composite material; thus, a two-layer composite is provided for completely in the first-appearing subclass which provides for either layer.Where a three-layer material is claimed (e.g., two pieces of aluminum alloy soldered together with a tin-lead solder) and the composition of the central layer is provided for in the schedule ahead of the subclasses provided for the composition of either outer layer, placement of the patent original or cross-reference in the first-appearing subclass (e.g., 643) will suffice.

II. Where a composite not suitable for placement in subclasses 616+, 620 or 621+ is described in the claims only on the basis of the functional characteristics of the components, e.g., "solder", "hard metal", etc., it is placed as an original in subclass 686 and may be cross-referenced elsewhere, when desired, on the basis of the disclosed composition of its components.

III. Where the entire composite is claimed as being deflectable by a temperature change, it is classified as an original in subclasses 616+ and cross-referenced below only when the subclasses indented under subclass 616 do not specifically provide for the interfaces claimed or otherwise of interest.

IV. Where the metal composite, in addition, has a layer or portion composed of a nonmetal composition, that is, a composition having a continuous nonmetal phase, it is placed as an original in subclasses 621+ and cross-referenced below on the basis of the metal-to-metal interface(s).

V. Where only one component of a composite is claimed in terms of its composition, or a name which is equivalent to a

composition, e.g., "stainless steel", the patent is placed as an original in the first-appearing subclass which provides for that composition and may be cross-referenced elsewhere on the basis of the disclosed composition of the other components.

(8) Note. This subclass (615) is the locus for composite* stock-material* in which one of the components* has an alkali-metal base, that is, lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium or francium, or in which only a minor ingredient of a component is identified.

(9) Note. For guidance purposes only, the Search This Class Subclass below contains a list of elements, along with an identification for each nonmetal, and/or the principal subclass locations which concern locations which concern that element. [The following elements are not included in this subclass list - Helium (He), nonmetal; Hydrogen (H), nonmetal; Krypton (Kr), nonmetal; Fluorine (F), nonmetal; Argon, nonmetal; Astatine (At) nonmetal; Bromine (Br) nonmetal; Chlorine (Cl), nonmetal; Iodine (I), nonmetal]

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

411+, for analogous nonmetallic* stock-material*. 548, and 553, for composite* metallic* stock-material* having a portion derived from metal powder.

570, for metallic* composites* in form of powder.

590, for a metallic* composite* in the form of a workpiece of parallel nonfastened components*.

607, for a composite* metallic* foil of filament smaller than 6 mils.

615, for Cesium (Cs)

615, Francium (Fr)

615, for Lithium (Li)

615, for Potassium (K)

615, for Rubidium (Rb)

615, for Sodium (Na)

618, 637, 647, 652, 656, 669, 671, 674+, for Copper (Cu)

619, 638, 644, 648, 653, 656, 659, 667, 676+, 679+, 681+, for Iron (Fe) 620, 641, for Germanium (Ge)

627, 634, for Carbon (C) nonmetal,

627, for Boron (B) nonmetal,

627, for Nitrogen (N), nonmetal,

637, 648, 652, 656, 667, 668, 675, 678, 679, for Cobalt (Co), also see Niobium

637, 647, 652, 656, 669, 671, 672, for Gold (Au)

637, 648, 652, 656, 667, 671, 675, 678, 679, 680, for Nickel (Ni)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670 for Osmium (Os)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670 for Palladium (Pd)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670 for Platinum (Pt)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670, for Iridium (Ir) 642, for Antimony (Sb)

642, for Arsenic (As)

642, for Bismuth (Bi)

642, for Gallium (Ga)

642, for Indium (In)

643+, 645, for Lead (Pb)

649, for Barium (Ba)

649, for Beryllium (Be)

649, Calcium (Ca)

649, for Magnesium (Mg)

650+, for Aluminum (Al)

651, 656, 660, 661, for Hafnium (Hf) 651, 656, 663, 664, for Molybdenum (Mo)

651, 656, 661, 662, for Niobium (Nb) [also Columbium (Cb)]

651, 656, 661, 664, 666+, for Chromium (Cr)

655, 656, for Actinium (Ac)

655, 656, for Americium (Am)

655, 656 for Berkelium (Bk)

655, 656, for Californium (Cf)

655, 656, for Cerium (Ce)

655, 656, for Curium (Cm)

655, 656, for Dysprosium (Dy)

655, 656, for Einsteinium (Es) 655, 656, for Erbium (Er)

655, 656, for Europium (Eu)

655, 656, for Fermium (Fm)

655, 656, for Gadolinium (Gd)

655, 656, for Holmium (Ho)

655, 656 for Lanthanum (La)

655, 656, for Lawrencium (Lw)

655, 656, for Mendelium (Md)

657, for Mercury (Hg)

655, 656, for Neptunium (Np)

655, 656, for Nobelium (No)

655, 656 for Plutonium (Pu) 655, 656 for Lutetium (Lu)

655, 656, for Manganese (Mn)

655, 656, for Neodymium (Nd)

655, 656 for Polonium (Po)

655, 656 for Prseodymium (Pr)

655, 656 for Protactinium (Pa)

655, 656, for Promethium (Pm)

655, 656, for Rhenium (Re)

655, 656, for Samarium (Sm)

655, 656, for Scandium (Sc)

655, 656, for Technitium (Tc)

655, 656, for Terbium (Tb)

655, 656, for Thorium (Th)

655, 656, for Thulium (Tm)

655, 656, for Ytterbium (Yb)

655, 656, for Yttrium (Y)

656, 657, for Cadmium (Cd)

629, 632+, 639+ for Oxygen (O), nonmetal,

649, for Radium (Ra)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670, for Rhodium (Rh)

637, 648, 652, 656, 669, 670, for Ruthenium (Ru)

620, 641, for Silicon (Si)

637, 647, 652, 656, 669, 671, 673 for Silver (Ag) 649, for Strontium (Sr)

639, for Sulfur (S) nonmetal,

651, 656, 661, 662, for Tantalum (Ta)

642, for Thallium (Tl)

643+, 646+, for Tin (Sn)

651, 656, 660, 661, for Titanium (Ti)

651, 656, 664, 665, for Tungsten (W)

665, 656, for Uranium (U)

658+, for Zinc (Zn)

651, 656, 660, 661, for Zirconium (Zr)

924+, for collections of patents which define composite* metallic* stock-materials* in terms of physical dimension.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS 52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),

782.1+, for a composite building panel having a disparate edging.

109, Safes, Bank Protection, or a Related Device,

85, for composite metallic walls and panels.

136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric,

236+, for thermocouples identified by the composition of at least one member of the junction.

138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits,

140, for material of that class having more than one layer in the wall make-up.

148, Metal Treatment,

400+, for single-layer metal stock-material* having a surface into which another material has been diffused, e.g., "case-hardened", and subclasses 33+ for essentially homogeneous electrically semiconductive stock having at least two contiguous layers differing in the number of unbound electrons (P-N-type materials).

164, Metal Founding, 91, for processes of that class directed to formation of multilayered articles by forming a metal into a preform or casting two or more metals in contact with one another, and subclass 94 for forming a composite article by sequentially casting molten metal.

174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators,

196, for conductively contacting components or a composite conductive armor or sheath.

204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,

290+, for laminated or coated electrodes.

219, Electric Heating,

85.1, for pressure bonding methods directed to brazing or soldering, subclasses 104+ for brazing or soldering by arc, and subclasses 136+ for other welding.

220, Receptacles,

62.11+, and 660+ for such devices comprising the construction of a receptacle wall.

228, Metal Fusion Bonding,

56.3, for an article* to be used as a filler in joining juxtaposed or otherwise engaged metal work portions.

285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, 329, for devices of that class wherein the free ends which constitute the joint interface are of different metals cooperating to produce a desired result, e.g., corrosion

prevention.

313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,

405, for a resilient support for a cathode-ray tube, which is bimetallic.

405, Hydraulic and Earth Engineering,

276+, for metallic sheet piling.

427, Coating Processes,

58+, in which an electrical product is formed, especially subclasses 89+, 103, 118, and 123, subclasses 404+ for applying superposed diverse coating involving metal coatings and/or bases, and subclasses 436+ for applying a metal coating to a metal base by immersion.