A. Systems or devices which provide safety and protection for other systems and devices.
B. Control circuits for electromagnetic devices.
C. Control circuits for nonelectromagnetic-type relays.
D. Systems or devices which discharge, or prevent the accumulation of electrical charge on or in an object or material.
E. Circuits for charging objects or materials.
F. Systems for generating or conducting an electric charge. G. Systems which process electrical speed signals.
H. Circuits for reversing the polarity of an electric circuit.
I. Systems which cause the ignition of a fuel or an explosive charge.
J. Systems and processes for demagnetizing a magnetic field.
K. Transformers and inductors with integral switch, capacitor or lock.
L. Electrostatic capacitors, per se.
M. Housings and mounting assemblies with plural diverse electrical components.
N. Electrolytic systems and devices.
O. Miscellaneous electrical systems and devices, which are not generic to any other class and are not provided for in any other subclass of this class.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES
Many other electrical and mechanical classes provide for systems or machines which include the electrical systems and devices provided for in this class (361). The combination of the subject matter of this class (361) and an art environment is generally classified with the art environment where that environment is significant, either by virtue of a significant disclosed relationship or by virtue of a claimed relationship. Where the art environment is recited by name only (e.g., motor protective circuit), the combination may be classified, in some instances, with the art environment, and in others, in this class (361).
Whereas housings for electronic devices and components are also provided for elsewhere, Class 361 provides for housings and mounting assemblies having more than one different type of electrical component, the electrical components normally do not recite significant art limitations. (See Subclass References to the Current Class and References to Other Classes, below.) Housings wherein (1) the housing is for an active solid state device, details of which are positively recited in the claims, or (2) where the recited housing is necessary to make a usable active solid state device whether or not the active solid state device is recited nominally or in detail are provided for elsewhere. (See References to Other Classes, below.)
However, if a housing with nominally recited active solid state devices recites different types of (active or passive) devices, then original (OR) classification is in Class 361.
Claims that recite housings with only nominal recitation of active solid state devices of only one type should be classified as originals (ORs) in neither Class 257 or Class 361, but rather in Class 174.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
331+, for housings and mounting assemblies having more than one different type of electrical component; the electrical components normally do not recite significant art limitations. These subclasses also provide for combinations of housings and mounting assembles with different types of art wherein the combination is not provided for where the different art is classified.
335+, for housings and switch gear.
364+, for housings and meter structure.
381+, for housings with cooling means.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous methods of manufacturing or mounting electrical or magnetic devices. 36, Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, for necessary shoe structure.
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,
98+, for electrocuting-type animal traps, and subclasses 112 for devices for electrocuting insects.
47, Plant Husbandry,
1.3, for the growing of plants as affected by electricity, as, for example, to stimulate the growth or to kill the plants.
70, Locks, for locking means, per se. Note, especially
174+, for locking means for control and machine elements; subclasses 237+ for locking means for automobile vehicles.
73, Measuring and Testing,
304+, for capacitive liquid level gauges; subclasses 718 and 724 for capacitive fluid pressure gauge; subclasses 488+ for speed or accelerating measuring.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism,
10+, for the combination of a capacitor and a dial shaft operator; subclasses 395+ for systems for synchronizing the rotary motion of a plurality of shafts where adjustable gearing is utilized to control the rotation of at least one of the shafts. 84, Music,
723+, for electrical musical instruments, such as electric organs and conventional musical instruments with electrical pick-up, amplifying and reproducing means.
89, Ordnance, appropriate subclasses for explosive device projecting or dropping means having igniting means as a part thereof.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses and especially
171, for synchronizing plural expansible chamber motors.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus,
15+, for electrostatic-type precipitators.
102, Ammunition and Explosives, appropriate subclasses for explosive devices having igniting means as a portion thereof.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic,
1.05+, for metalizing compositions, per se.
114, Ships,
240, for degaussing of ships. 116, Signals and Indicators,
38, for vehicular governors indicating speed and direction; subclasses 241+ and 284+ for miscellaneous indicators for indicating the position of a variable capacitor.
118, Coating Apparatus,
621+, for electrostatic spray devices.
119, Animal Husbandry,
145, for electrified station shields.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines,
143+, for igniting systems utilized with internal combustion
engines; subclasses 319+ for speed regulators.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for solid fuel burners having igniting means.
136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric, for electrochemical and electrothermal sources of electricity.
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for a heat exchange structure of a general nature. 174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, for electric conductor and insulator structure, including conduits, boxes and housings.
177, Weighing Scales,
210+, for capacitor gauges.
178, Telegraphy, for the reproduction of pictures by a scanning procedure, as in television, facsimile and photomechanical engraving and for telegraphy, as in telautograph and teletypewriting.
180, Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclasses and see Class 361,
51, search notes.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, for switches and circuit breakers.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, for the producing of chemical change by means of electricity, as in electrosputtering.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for the producing of chemical change by means of electricity, as in electrolytic coating.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, for electrical classifying, separating and assorting of materials and objects.
211, Supports: Racks,
41.1+, for frame structure designed to support plates or plate-like articles. 219, Electric Heating, for miscellaneous electrical heating, including welding. Note,
384, for perforating sheet material by means of an electric spark.
221, Article Dispensing,
143+, for article dispensers having electrical igniting means.
222, Dispensing, for dispensing devices utilizing electromagnetic actuators.
231, Whips and Whip Apparatus,
7, for a device consisting of a handle and an electrified goad for causing an electric shock to be produced in an animal to control the movement or behavior of the animal.
235, Registers,
61+, for calculators having relay-type counting chains.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, appropriate subclasses for automatic temperature control systems; appropriate subclasses for complete heating systems having igniters as a portion thereof.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, 2.1, 3, and 690+ respectively, for methods and apparatus for projecting a liquid into the air and including a provision for imparting an electrostatic charge to the projected liquid. See the notes to these subclasses for a statement of the line.
244, Aeronautics,
1, for aircraft lightning arresters and static eliminators.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, appropriate subclasses for electrical control of railway switches and signals.
250, Radiant Energy, for radio and microwave absorption meters, the detection of the nuclear or electromagnetic energy, the testing of materials by nuclear or electromagnetic energy, mass spectroscopy, fluorescent and phosphorescent applications, electron or ion beam deflection or focusing ion generation, supports for fluent material or objects, the irradiation of material or objects, nuclear and electromagnetic radiation detectors, radiant energy generators and sources, radiation controlling means, and radiation source and detector supports.
252, Compositions,
512+, for electrically conductive metal-containing compositions; subclass 567 for a web or sheet impregnated with a defined dielectric liquid; and subclasses 570+ for a fluent dielectric, per se.
256, Fences,
10, for electric fences.
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes), appropriate subclasses for active solid-state semiconductor devices, per se. Class 257 provides for housings wherein (1) the housing is for an active solid state device, details of which are positively recited in the claims, or (2) where the recited housing is necessary to make a usable active solid state device whether or not the active solid state device is recited nominally or in detail. (Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, above.)
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, for electric generating plants. 303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System,
113.1+, for antiskid systems where brakes are operated.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, for systems of distributing electricity or interconnection. The line between Class 307 and this class (361) can be determined only by consulting the art to be found in these two classes.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
90.5, for magnetic supports.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure,
294+, for supports and cabinets with movable components.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, for electric lamps, vacuum tubes, gas discharge tubes and spark gaps.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, for arc lamps.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, for cathode-ray tube circuits, gas tube circuits, electric lamp circuits, and circuits which are integral with a discharge device or lamp.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, for electric motor systems, including servo-motor systems.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or Discharging, for a method or apparatus for charging or discharging a battery or capacitor. 322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, for systems for controlling a single generator and its prime mover.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, for systems for controlling the voltage of electricity and the phase of alternating currents.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, for electrical measuring, testing and sensing, such as, for example, the determination of moisture in material by measuring its resistivity and the measuring of power in an electric circuit.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous active device circuits.
329, Demodulators,
311+, for pulse demodulators which may include radiation reduction.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifier systems.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses for self-sustaining electric wave generators of the nondynamoelectric type.
332, Modulators, for systems for modulating an intelligence upon a repetitious wave.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, appropriate subclasses for the subject matter of that class.
334, Tuners, appropriate subclasses for tuned networks used in wave energy apparatus, tuners with shielding means, and switch operated tuners. 335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets, for electromagnets with armatures, switches or magnetic chuck structure.
336, Inductor Devices, for transformers and inductances.
337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for thermal-type circuit breakers, per se.
338, Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors both of the linear and nonlinear types.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous electrical signalling.
343, Communications: Radio Wave, for radar and directive radio systems and antennas.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for motion picture apparatus combined with sound recording or reproducing apparatus, including means for synchronizing the two.
362, Illumination, for electric lights and photos:graphic illumination devices including ignition means.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, in which electricity is converted from one form to another as from direct current to alternating.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,
293, for antimagnetic devices used in horology. 369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,
72+, for storage medium electrostatic charge neutralization; and subclass 126 for information storage by dynamic electrostatic charge.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for pulse communication equipment.
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements,
100+, for processes and devices for electrically and/or magnetically confining and controlling a plasma to yield nuclear fusion reactions.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices.
379, Telephonic Communications, for telephone systems and subcombinations.
396, Photography,
155+, for photoflash devices combined with camera structure which may include ignition means.
399, Electrophotography,
37, for diagnostics of power supplied to an electrophotos:graphic device, subclasses 88+ for machine operations with power supply, and subclasses 168+ for charging a photoconductive member.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), appropriate subclasses for centrifugal or impeller rotation speed responsive systems. 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, for alloys, per se.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,
21, 22+, and 186 for process and apparatus provided by the class using electrical energy.
427, Coating Processes,
458+, for processes of coating, per se, utilizing an electrostatic charge; subclasses 79+ for processes of coating
utilized in making capacitors.
431, Combustion,
128, for hand manipulatable electric igniters for igniting fuel.
439, Electrical Connectors, for electrical connectors.
454, Ventilation, appropriate subclasses for ventilating devices.
455, Telecommunications, for receivers, transmitters and miscellaneous apparatus.
463, Amusement Devices: Games, 47.3, for a striking type of weapon for use on a human being which includes an electric shock feature (e.g., an electric prod used by police, etc.).
150+, for high temperature (Tc 30 K) superconducting systems or devices, and subclasses 800+ for cross-reference art collections on superconductive systems or devices.
600, Surgery,
9+, for application of a magnetic field to a body for therapy.
602, Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,
2, for a bandage including electrical application to a body.
606, Surgery, especially
32+, for electrical application to a body for surgical purposes.
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,
1+, for devices for applying electricity to the human body.