Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material:
(under subclass 592) Process, including the combination of (1) depositing a flowable material upon or into a base material (e.g., coating, impregnating, casting or other molding on a base) or (2) configuring a flowable material (e.g., casting or other molding without a base) with additional manufacturing, which combination is not elsewhere classified.
(1) Note. The additional manufacturing may occur before, after, or during the fluent material applying or shaping operation.
(2) Note. The term "casting" includes the operation known as "molding". The terms "casting" and "coating" as used in these definitions coincide with those concepts comprehended in Class 427, Coating Processes; Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 240+; Class 164, Metal Founding, Class 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy; and Class 264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes.
(3) Note. A process comprising casting a metal workpiece and then deforming it by plastic shaping is classified in this and the indented subclasses, e.g., Class 29, subclasses 527.1+, except for the casting of metal in situ in an extrusion apparatus ("charging" it) and subsequent die expression therefrom, which is specifically included in Class 72, Metal Deforming, subclass 270.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
424, for a process utilizing a temporary protective coating or casting.
428+, and, especially, subclasses 458+ or 460 for a process of assembling or joining combined with a step of coating or casting. 526.2+, for a process of casting plus the step of separating, removing, or eliminating a defect which has been cast in the ingot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS
72, Metal Deforming,
46+, for a process of coating or casting liquid material upon a metal base (but not casting the workpiece, per se) and then deforming the base, regardless of whether or not the applied material is also deformed. See the definition and notes thereof. Search subclass 270 for casting combined with subsequent die expression, i.e., for extruding after solidification of material. (This is an exception to the general line expressed in (3) Note, above).
148, Metal Treatment, particularly
538+, for casting or subclasses 516+ for coating operations combined with significant heat treatment of metal to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical properties of metal. See Class 148 definition to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment. The metal working classes take: (1) Metal working plus an unspecified heat treatment. (2) Metal working plus annealing broadly wherein the annealing is for the purpose of relieving working stress or to facilitate working. Class 148 takes: (1) Metal working plus specific heat treatment, other than annealing, where the heat treatment is other than conditioning to a working temperature or subsequently returning to ambient or handling temperature. (2) Metal working plus a specific annealing step.
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
47+, for making an electrical conductor of indefinite length, generally, which may include metal deforming. Note that this is an exception to the general rule that combined operations
including plastically deforming metal combined with nonmetallic bonding is to be found in Class 29.
164, Metal Founding, as the generic place for metal casting processes. A process of preparing a workpiece for casting (e.g., by coating, cutting, shaping by deformation, etc.) combined with casting is to be found in Class 164. Similarly, a process of forming a product by casting combined with a treatment to perfect the casting operation (e.g., removal of an unneeded portion of the cast product) is to be found in Class 164. The combination of casting with a distinct metal shaping is to be found in Class 29,
527.1+, if not provided for elsewhere.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, 205+, for electrolytic coating process including an additional step of treating the base before coating step.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, the generic place for processes of plastic or nonmetallic article shaping or treating. The general line between Class 264 and the metal working or shaping classes, e.g., Class 29 is as follows;
A process of deforming material broadly, the disclosure reciting deformation of a metal or of a nonmetal, is to be found in the appropriate metal working class.
(2) A process limited to deforming metal is to be found in the appropriate metal working class.
(3) A process limited to permanently deforming or other molding of a nonmetal will be found in Class 264.
(4) A patent including a claim directed to a process of deforming a metal and including an equally comprehensive and mutually exclusive claim drawn to deforming a nonmetal will be found in the appropriate metal working class.
(5) A process of deforming both a metal and a nonmetal (included in the same claim) will be found in the appropriate metal working class, e.g., Class 29, Metal Working, depending on the claim as set out.
(6) An claimed process of working broadly or nondefinitively recited material is to be found in the appropriate metal working class, as stated above, and this will include disclosures of deforming: (a) A laminate of a metal with a nonmetal (b) A "composite material" such as a metal laminated to a nonmetal article or workpiece except where by disclosure only the nonmetal component is deformed or shaped.
(7) A process including plural diverse operations will be found in Class 29 unless provided for in a superior class.
(8) A process of making a mold (which may be of cast metal) combined with use of that mold in molding nonmetallic material is to be found in Class 264, especially subclasses 219+.
427, Coating Processes, for a process of coating a metal base generally.
