US PATENT CLASS 250
Class Notes
Current as of: June, 1999
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DEFINITION
Classification: 250/
This is the residual class for methods and apparatus involving radiant energy.
SCOPE OF THE CLASS
This class provides for all methods and apparatus for using, generating, controlling or detecting radiant energy, combinations including such methods or apparatus, subcombinations of same and accessories therefore not classifiable elsewhere.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES
Many other classes provide for methods and apparatus involving radiant energy, per se, or in combination when such methods or apparatus are also the subject matter of the class in question.
In general, subject matter involving radiant energy is provided for in other classes on the basis of either a specific use of the radiant energy or a specific type of radiant energy. Classes explicitly providing for subject matter involving radiant energy are listed below and arranged according to the above described basis of classification followed by some miscellaneous classes.
CLASSES PROVIDING FOR SPECIFIC USES OF RADIANT ENERGY
See References to Other Classes for the following art areas:
Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating
Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control
Uses of Radiant Energy For Testing
Uses of Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication
CLASSES PROVIDING FOR SPECIFIC TYPES OF RADIANT ENERGY
Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy
Visible Light Type
Other Wave Type
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, 103, and 444 for wave energy (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating).
15, Brushing, Scrubbing and General Cleaning,
1.51, for electrostatic cleaning (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating).
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
0.21, for photoresponsive control of stopping (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
33, Geometrical Instruments,
227+, for light-ray type; subclasses 272+ for magnetic compasses; subclass 360, magnetic field responsive indicator of the direction of force traversing a natural media, using a CRT or photoelectric cell; and subclass 363, electrical telemetering with a photoelectric pickoff (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
33, Geometrical Instruments,
363, electrical telemetering with a photoelectric pickoff (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,
245+, for processes and apparatus for drying or gas or vapor contact with solids in which the material or object treated is subjected to electromagnetic or electrostatic energy, including radiant electromagnetic energy; subclasses 266+, treating feathers with radiant energy; and subclasses 524+, with automatic control (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating).
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, 542+, for luminous signs; subclasses 465+, display with
special effects having photoelectric switching control of electric circuit
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,
17.1, for electric current type and subclass 17.5 for luminous type; subclass 59, condition responsive burglar traps
49, Movable or Removable Closures,
25, for radiant energy control, and subclasses 197+ for photocell control of an up-and-over, e.g., garage door, opener (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
60, Power Plants,
202, for ion motors.
62, Refrigeration,
3.1, for electrical or magnetic effect type; subclasses 139 and 140, automatic control by accumulation of ice or frost.
73, Measuring and Testing,
23, for the analysis of gases; particularly; subclass 23.1 for the combination of a gas chromatography test and a radiation (invisible and visible) test, of the effluent from the test, subclasses 53.01+ for the examination of liquids or a liquid suspension of solids; particularly, subclass 61.4 for the visible light examination of the settling rate of a liquid suspension of solids, subclasses 73+ for moisture content or absorption characteristics generally, subclass 104 for surface or cutlery edge testing generally, and subclasses 151+ for bore hole and drilling study tests generally, subclasses 861+ for volume or rate of flow meters generally, and subclasses 290+ for liquid level or depth gauges including those using visible light (Using Radiant Energy For Testing). 84, Music,
639, and 724 for photocell controlled tone generators.
89, Ordnance,
41.06, for operation of mount training mechanism motors by light reception (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
95, Gas Separation: Processes,
27, and 28 for processes of gas separation using magnetism and subclasses 57+ for processes of gas separation using an electric or electrostatic field (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting).
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus,
1+, for magnetic separating means for gas separation and subclasses 15+ for electric or electrostatic field separation apparatus for gas separation (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting)..
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus,
342, with signal, indicator or tester; subclasses 358 and 451 for apparatus for subjecting foods and beverages to wave, radiant and electrical energy (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)).
101, Printing, 470, for copying for plate making using radiant energy
112, Sewing,
80.23+, for embroidery with optical pattern program means (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
118, Coating Apparatus,
691, for photoelectric sensors responsive to condition of coating material (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
118, Coating Apparatus,
620+, for coating apparatus combined with means to apply radiant energy to the work (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
131, Tobacco,
294, and 299 for radiant energy; and subclass 333 for smoke separating or treating (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,
1,
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, 1, for processes of cleaning or contacting of solids with liquids which includes the application of radiant energy, including radiant electric energy, to the work; and subclass 113, with alarm, signal, indicating, testing, inspecting, illuminating or display means (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
137, Fluid Handing,
78.1, for condition responsive photocells; and subclass 93, for maintaining or sensing mixture condition by optical or chemical property in self-proportioning or correlating
systems (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
141, Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means,
192+, for automatic control of flow cutoff or diversion (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
67, for methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor utilizing phosphorescent or fluorescent materials; subclass 244.17, surface bonding with lamina formation or coating by electric, magnetic or wave energy; subclasses 350+, automatic and/or material-triggered control, especially subclass 378, including testing, measuring or indicating means; and subclass 379.6 for apparatus with means applying wave energy to work (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
5, for weather and/or light initiated automatic control (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation,
49, and 192 for processes using radiant energy; and subclass 263, measuring, testing, inspecting, indicating or illumination (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating) 164, Metal Founding,
147.1+, for electromagnetic means to apply force to work and subclasses 250.1+ for means to apply electrical or wave energy to work (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
166, Wells,
336, with measuring, testing, inspection or condition determination; and subclass 247 for processes using nuclear energy or radioactivity for treating (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
166, Wells,
250+, for means to indicate, measure, test, or locate wells (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth,
41, for such subject matter combined with ray energy detection or measuring (see For Testing).
178, Telegraphy,
70, photocell repeaters (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of
Communication).
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, 129, for an electrical stop mechanism with photocell control; and subclass 142, radio tuner type limit stops (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,
155+, for the production of a compound or element by chemical reaction brought about by electrical or wave energy in a magnetic field, subclasses 157.15+ for processes of treating materials involving a chemical reaction brought about by wave energy, subclasses 164+ for production of an element or compound by chemical reaction in an electrostatic field or involving an electrical discharge, subclasses 450+ for electrophoresis or electro-osmosis, subclasses 554+ for electrical or simultaneous electrical and magnetic separation or purification of a liquid or magnetic treatment of a liquid (other than separation), subclasses 194+ for electrolytic apparatus, subclasses 600+ for electrophoretic or electro-osmotic apparatus, and subclasses 660+ for apparatus for electrical or simultaneous electrical and magnetic separation or purification of a liquid or magnetic treatment of a liquid (other than separation (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting).
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,
155+, 157.15+ and 164+ for processes for preparing elements or compounds through chemical reactions brought about by the agency of wave energy, see this class (250) subclasses 492.1+ for corresponding apparatus (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolysis, in general (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting).
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,
12, for coloring treatments including fluorescence (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, appropriate subclasses, especially 212 and 213+ for magnetic types and
511, 524, 536, and 576 for radiant energy type automatic assorting, subclasses 127.1+ for electrostatic type (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting).
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, for methods and apparatus for the separation of a liquid from a liquid on a solid generally, particularly 222, for the magnetic separation of particles from a liquid; and subclass 745, process control by optical sensing of condition (Uses of Radiant Energy For Separating and Assorting).
219, Electric Heating,
6.5+, for induction; electrostatic or electromagnetic heating, subclasses 121.11 for electric arc metal heating; and subclasses 383+ for other electric arc type heating devices
235, Registers,
454, 473 for coded record sensors involving optical testing; and subclasses 400+, ordnance or weapons system computer (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,
.5, for processes of shaping or treating radioactive material, subclasses 405+ for direct application of electrical or wave energy to work; and subclasses 408+, for processes of measuring, testing, or inspecting with sensing by utilizing light or passage of electric field current through material (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
219, Electric Heating,
121.6+, using laser with beam position control. (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
219, Electric Heating, various subclasses for infrared generators (Class Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
235, Registers,
400+, for ordnance or weapons systems computer, e.g., subclass 411, with target tracking means (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control) 242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
324+, especially subclass 331.4 for a photoelectric control for regulating winding or unwinding of magnetic tape or photos:graphic film; subclasses 410+ for a photoelectric control for regulating tension in a running length of material; subclasses 534+ for a photoelectric control in a winding machine, and subclasses 563+ for a photoelectric control in an unwinding machine (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
244, Aeronautics,
3.1+, for missile stabilization or trajectory control utilizing radiant energy, especially subclasses 3.16+ (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
246, Railway Switches and Signals,
29+, for automatic block-signal systems utilizing radiant energy (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
252, Compositions,
478, for X-ray neutron shield compositions; subclasses 625+ for radioactive compositions; and subclasses 301.16, 301.36, and 301.4, respectively, for luminescent compositions.
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes),
10, 11, 21, 53-56, 113-118, 184-189, 225-234, 257, 258, 290-294, and 414-466 for invisible radiation-sensitive active semiconductor devices. Class 257 limits itself to active solid state electronic device structures whereas Class 250, subclasses 370.01+ through 371 are limited to active semiconductor radiant energy detection systems. Some potential conflicts occur when an optical element is claimed. Where an optical element is recited as being integral with a semiconductive photodetector element, encapsulant housing or package, it will be classified in Class 257. Separate elements not part of the radiant energy detecting element or package and claimed therewith will be classified in Class 250, subclasses 370.01+ (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 117, for radiant energy responsive switching systems (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
301, for nuclear reaction types; and subclass 306 for thermal or pyromagnetic types
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
116+, for systems involving nonmagnetic motors
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems,
2, for generating systems of the nonmagnetic type; subclass 26, automatic control with light or photoresponsive control circuits
330, Amplifiers, especially
4+, for maser type amplifiers; subclass 42 for secondary electron emissive types; subclasses 44+ for electron beam
types; subclasses 47+ for magnetically influenced discharge device types; and subclass 59, having light controlled or activated device
331, Oscillators, especially
94+, for molecular or particle resonant types; and subclass 66, light responsive ambient condition sensor. 332, Modulators,
131+, 153+, 165+, 169+, 179+, employing electron discharge tube, especially subclass 132 for magnetron types, subclass 133 for klystron types.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,
175+, for resonant, discrete frequency selective type wave filters; and subclasses 219+ for resonators of the distributed parameter type.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses, for electric space discharge devices, per se, including X-ray tubes, cathode-ray tubes, electric discharge lamps, liquid electrode discharge devices, gas or vapor filled discharge devices and vacuum tubes, and for the electrodes, filaments fluorescent targets and shields for electric space discharge devices;
523+, photosensitive discharge tubes; and subclasses 365+, image pickup cathode ray tubes (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes,
22, for consumable electrode discharge devices which have means to feed a fluent, material, (e.g., solid particles) to the discharge space (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, especially
111.01, for systems wherein a fluent material is supplied to the discharge area between the discharge electrodes of the discharge device; subclass 134, readout energy responsive control of signal, indicator or alarm; and subclasses 149+, with radiant energy sensitive control means (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, for measuring or testing of electrical properties by the use of radiant energy; for measuring or testing of nonelectric properties (e.g., magnetic fields,
244+, ) by electrical means; and subclass 344, measuring and testing a geophysical surface or subsurface in situ with a radiant energy receiver (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems,
509+, for miscellaneous circuits responsive to external effects such as radiant energy (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
329, Demodulators,
144, with light or heat beam deflection or modulation as a significant part of the detecting operation (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
332, Modulators,
3, a modulator combined with a photoelectric intelligence signal source (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks (Class Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets, especially
210+, for electron or ion beam deflecting magnets, per se (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
338, Electrical Resistors, 13+, for such devices responsive to radiant energy (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
338, Electrical Resistors,
15, light sensitive resistance (Class Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy)
340, Communications: Electrical,
825.69, and 825.72 for radio control of an art device (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
340, Communications: Electrical, especially
825.97, for electron beam selective types, subclasses 870.01+ for telemetering, especially subclass 870.29, with photoelectric pickup; subclass 942, photoelectric vehicle detectors; subclasses 555+, specific condition responsive indicating systems, especially subclasses 578, detecting
flame by radiant energy, subclass 583, detecting ice formation by radiant energy [and] subclass 600, [for alarms] responsive to radiant energy, subclass 619, liquid level detection by radiant energy, and subclass 630, photoelectric smoke and other particle detectors (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion,
1+, digital pattern reading converter, especially subclasses 13, optical, and 14, optical waveguide, and subclass 31, photoelectric actuated keyboard code generator (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation),
52+, combined with diverse type radiant energy systems, laser, TV, etc. (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication). 345, Computer Graphics Processing, Operator Interface Processing, and Selective Visual Display Systems,
180+, for light pen input to selective visual display communication systems (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
346, Recorders,
107.1+, for light or beam recording of phenomenon information. See, also, subclass 33, combined with external optical system recorder operating means.
347, Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information,
129+, for electrostatic marking by photoscanning, subclasses 224+ for light or beam marking
348, Television,
207+, for television camera using a photocell, including subclasses 294+ for solid-state image sensor and subclass 332 for array of photocells (see As A Medium of Communication)..
351, Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting,
210, using a photodetector to detect eye movement in an eye examining or test instrument (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
352, Optics: Motion Pictures,
140, for focus control; and subclass 141, automatic diaphragm control (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control) 352, Optics: Motion Pictures (Class Providing for Visible
Light Type of Radiant Energy).
353, Optics: Image Projectors (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
355, Photocopying (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
355, Photocopying,
68, for illumination systems including photocells; subclasses 55+, for photodetector use with focus or magnification control; subclass 41, for identifying, composing or selecting using photocell; and subclass 38, for color film exposure or light intensity control (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, for photocell methods and apparatus,
71, for document pattern analysis or verification; subclasses 364+ for examination of materials using polarized light; subclass 371 for flatness tests; subclasses 372+ for measurement of material dimensions; subclasses 399+ for determining lateral alignment; subclasses 402+ for shade or color tests; subclasses 429+ for monitoring of webs or threads; and subclasses 237.1+ for the inspection for flaws or imperfections (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
358, Facsimile,
400+, for facsimile (phototelegraphy). (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, 109+, for light wave communications (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
142+, for light wave remote control and subclasses 507+ for moisture or foreign particle control of optical elements or systems using photoelectric sensors (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,
31, monitoring or testing the progress of recording, and
subclass 74.6, photoelectric stopping or reversing control of a recorder (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
225+, for particle charging, and subclasses 230+ for ionizing (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
173+, for photosensitive devices included in electromagnetic or relay control circuit (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 806+, analog computer simulation of physical phenomena.
365, Static Information Storage and Retrieval,
106+, radiant energy; subclasses 215+, optical read/write circuits; and subclasses 234+, optical address (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
367, Communication, Electrical: Acoustic Wave System and Devices,
64, optical processing of land reflection type seismic prospecting (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,
44+, for optical transducers used in dynamic information storage and retrieval; and subclasses 100+, for radiation beam modification of, or by, storage medium (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,
11, for combinations with ambient condition detector (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
370, Multiplex Communications,
1+, optical multiplex communications(Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
372, Coherent Light Generators, 9+, for particular beam control devices (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing,
32, for measuring the total thermal energy or power emitted
from a radiating source; subclasses 121+ for determining temperature by measuring thermally emitted radiation; and subclass 162 for measuring temperature by a color change indicator (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
375, Pulse or Digital Communications (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements,
248, testing, sensing, measuring, or detecting a fission reactor condition using optics (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements, appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus for carrying out nuclear reactions particularly of the sustained or controlled type.
377, Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,
53, systems with photoelectric detector; and subclass 6, counting of inanimate entities (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices (Class Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, appropriate subclasses for testing and analyzing using X-ray or gamma rays; and 20, 68+, 177+, 195+, and 205+ for X-ray devices with object alignment or positioning means (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,
64+, for X-ray or gamma ray irradiation devices (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
382, Image Analysis, all subclasses (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
382, Image Analysis (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
396, Photography,
549+, for phototype composing, subclasses 89+ for automatic camera focussing with photoelectric control; subclasses 213+ for automatic exposure control; and subclass 570 for photocell controlled fluid-treating means (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
399, Electrophotography,
38+, for control of electrophotography processes (e.g., charging, exposure, developing, transfer, fixing, and cleaning (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
399, Electrophotography,
9+, for diagnostics of electrophotos:graphic device and functions (Using Radiant Energy For Testing). 362, Illumination,
84, for a light source and luminescent material; subclasses 260 and 266 for luminescent light sources with light modifiers; and subclass 4, light responsive photos:graphic lighting
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for arc and induction furnaces.
396, Photography, for apparatus for photochemically recording visible light.
399, Electrophotography (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
409, Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing,
128, for a tracer adapted to trigger a photocell (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,
1+, for processes of disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing nonfoods by subjecting the same to electric or electromagnetic energy; subclasses 50+, analyzer, indicator or manipulative laboratory device; subclass 162, automatic analytical monitor and control of industrial products; subclass 85, with color change; subclass 91, gas analysis with adsorption with photometric detector; and subclass 106, control element responsive to sensed liquid level (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,
1.11+, for methods of using a radionuclide containing compound or compositions, and for compositions comprising a radionuclide; and subclass subclasses 9.1+, for in vivo diagnosis and testing compositions and subclasses 10.1+, for Class 424 compositions with an identification or warning feature (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Product,
234, 236 and 237+ for processes involving the use of electrical, wave or radiant energy in food treatments (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
427, Coating Processes,
10, optical measuring, testing and indicating; subclass 157, coating processes using a fluorescent or phosphorescent coating, and subclasses 457+ for processes of coating using electrical, magnetic, wave, or particulate energy (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
427, Coating Processes,
457+, for utilizing electrical or radiant energy and subclass 157 for phosphorescent coating.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof (Class Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, for processes of forming an image using all forms of radiation.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof (Class Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy).
434, Education and Demonstration,
112+, communication aids for the handicapped (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication). 434, Education and Demonstration,
1+, electromagnetic energy sensor to detect or determine range of an object; subclasses 112+, communication aids for the handicapped; subclass 187, measurement of length or volume; subclass 240, radio navigation with light sensor in simulator; subclass 303, science, physics, optics; subclass 325, image projector, and light detector used in question or problem eliciting a response; subclass 337, correctness of response by means including light detector; subclasses 355 and 358, grading response involving light sensor (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,
35, for test methods involving an enzyme (including reaction with a living cell, such as a bacterium) and a radioactive material; subclass 288.7, optical sensing apparatus (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,
164+, for optical results of optical tests involving a reaction (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, particularly
473+, for gettering of a semiconductor substrate via irradiation, subclasses 514+ for ion implantation of electrically active dopants into semiconductive regions, and subclasses 795+ for thermal treatment of a semiconductor substrate via irradiation to modify some property thereof.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,
175, for such devices having light or sound responsive switch or control (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
455, Telecommunications, 603, for light wave remote control (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
455, Telecommunications (Using Radiant Energy As A Medium of Communication).
463, Amusement Devices: Games,
51+, for a game in which an electromagnetic ray (e.g., a light ray, etc.) is used to simulate a projectile fired from a gun, torpedo launcher, etc. (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web,
3+, for condition responsive control means, especially, subclass 10, which uses a photocell condition sensor (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
505, Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process,
150+, for high temperature (Tc greater than 30 K) superconducting devices, subclasses 300+ for processes of producing high temperature superconductor or superconductive devices, particularly subclasses 320, 325, and 480+ for use of radiant energy or particle bombardment; and cross-reference art collections 842+ for superconductor measuring and testing, or 848+ for radiant energy application on superconducting material (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523,
136, for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber which is resistant to, yet does not absorb, radioactive materials or cathode rays or to processes of preparing said composition (Class Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
600, Surgery, 300+, for diagnostic testing (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
600, Surgery,
1+, for radioactive and substances (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
602, Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,
2, for bandaging and orthopedics with light applications (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
604, Surgery,
20+, for infrared, visible, light, ultraviolet, X-ray or electrical energy applied to a body (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,
1+, for light, thermal, thermal and electrical applications (Uses of Radiant Energy For Treating)
702, Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing, appropriate subclasses.
708, Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and Calculating,
816, for optical correlation or convolution. 901, Robots,
47, for optical sensing devices (Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control)
902, Electronic Funds Transfer,
41+, with means to read data stored on identifier (Using Radiant Energy For Testing).
976, Nuclear Technology, an alternative search, search based on a modification of the European Patent Office Classification.
GLOSSARY:
CIRCUIT
A closed or closable conducting path through which, or along which, electric current can travel.
DETECTOR
A material or device whose response to radiant energy is used to indicate the presence or amount of incident radiation. Also, called "Signalling Means".
FLUENT MATERIAL A liquid, gas or mass of granular solid material that does not of itself maintain its own spatial form but flows. Whether or not a granular material should be considered fluent or not is determined in each case by how it is handled. Generally if the handling means has walls to hold up the material, the material is fluent. Thus, for example, coal is necessarily fluent in a pail or bin but not necessarily fluent in a pile.
ION
An atom or molecule with at least one more or less electrons than protons. Electrons, per se, are not considered ions.
IONIZATION
The process of adding to or removing from an electrically neutral atom or molecule one or more of its electrons. Note: Ionization, as sometimes used to denote the process of increasing the energy level of an atom or molecule to some state short of the above, is not encompassed by this definition. Such processes in this class are considered partial or incomplete ionization.
INSPECTION
A term implying a source of radiant energy, and/or means to irradiate an object by said source and a detector responsive to radiation from the object to provide a signal representing some characteristic of the object.
OBJECT
A material subjected to radiation for treatment or whose response to or effect on the radiation is used to indicate something about the material.
PHOTOCELL
A detector used to sense light incident thereon and generate a signal representative of some aspect of the light such as intensity, phase, coherence, mode distribution, interference pattern characteristics, etc.
PHOTODETECTOR
See Photocell
PHOTOELECTRIC CELL
See Photocell
PHOTOSENSOR
See Photocell
RADIANT ENERGY
Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves, or traveling subatomic, atomic or molecular particles.
RADIOACTIVE ACTIVE
Exhibiting spontaneous nuclear disintegration with emission of particulate or electromagnetic radiations.
SIGNALING MEANS, ELECTRIC AND NONELECTRIC
Detectors that produce in response to incident radiant energy either an increase or decrease in electric potential or current flow (Electric) or some other perceivable change (Nonelectric). The nonelectric change may be immediately perceived or may require development to be perceived, e.g., photos:graphic changes.