In the class definition and in the subclass definitions, terms which are followed by an asterisk (*) will be found to be defined in the Glossary.
SUBJECT MATTER AND SCOPE OF THE CLASS
This is the residual class of inventions directed to a process or apparatus for handling indeterminate-length* material in one of the following ways: (1) moving such material in a direction generally along said length dimension, (2) sensing such material (which material is disclosed as moving as in (1) above) and imparting additional movement to, or otherwise controlling movement of, said material responsive to said sensing, (3) threading a new portion of such material into or through material moving apparatus of the type defined in (1) above, or (4) constraining such material through a certain path of movement relative to a disclosed material moving apparatus of the type defined in part (1) above, including insuring contact of the material with said apparatus.
Patents placed as originals in this class (226) usually disclose means to advance material to a material modifying machine or from such machine to a destination. The mere naming of the material modifying machine or of the destination, in a claim, will not serve to exclude a patent including such a claim from this class. See Lines With Other Classes, "Relationship to Specific Classes", for further notes to work treating classes which include feeding means.
This class (226) is intended as the repository for patents disclosing the feeding material to a station where an operation* is performed on the material. It is not intended as the locus for original placement of disclosures wherein
the material being advanced is part of a machine, and that material will itself operate or help to operate on work.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES
With certain exceptions, stated in subclasses 11, 91+, and 125+, there are no means recited in the claims contacting the leading end nor the trailing end of the material, nor is the leading or trailing end of material utilized to effect movement thereof.
A. RELATIONSHIP TO SPECIFIC CLASSES (1) The following classes (or subclasses within a class, where noted) have been screened for patents classifiable in this class (226) on the basis of the lines set out in applicable class references, in References to Other Classes, below: Class 83, Cutting; Class 140, Wireworking; Class 225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking; Class 254, Implements of Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force); Class 312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclasses 34.1+; Class 400, Typewriting Machines, subclasses 611+.
Except as amplified below in this section the line between this class (226) and the above classes is as stated in the general relationships set forth in the following sections below:
Material-modifying Classes Which Include Feeding Of Indeterminate-length* Work; Other Classes Including Advancing Of Indeterminate-length* Material; Other Material Handling Classes; and Classes Which Include Subcombinations Utilizable In Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.
Other classes listed in these sections may contain patents claiming feeder subcombinations in subclasses not investigated as of the date of this publication. Such feeder subcombination patents will remain as presently classified until screening of these subclasses has been accomplished. The lines formerly existing between this class (226) and the "other" classes referred to above have not been changed, except as noted in applicable class references under References to Other Classes, below.
(2) The relationship of Class 226 to classes that warrant specific mention are: See References To Other Classes below. Specifically see: Class 33; Class 198; Class 225; Class 242; Class 270; Class 271; Class 281; Class 312; Class 352; Class 414; Class 462; Class 474. See References to Other Classes, below.
(3) The relationship between this class (226) and other classes set out under the headings below (and their associated class references in References to Other Classes) have been arranged so that a relationship set out under the first appearing heading (Relationship to Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work)
shall govern over a relationship set out in any of the later appearing headings in the event of any apparent discrepancy.
B. RELATIONSHIP TO MATERIAL-MODIFYING CLASSES WHICH INCLUDEFEEDING OF INDETERMINATE-LENGTH* WORK
The following considerations will govern the decision as to original placement of a patent in this class (226) or in one of the subject classes:
(1) This class (226) takes original patents directed to apparatus for feeding material in combination with means to modify, treat or operate on such material only if said means is recited as a named means or element, and only if said means is not claimed as moving or operating in timed or synchronous relationship to the operation of the feeding apparatus. For example, any one of the following recitations in a claim will not (in and of itself,) bar original placement in this class: "press", "cutter", "dryer", (or "drying chamber"), "recorder", "impression cylinder" "wrapping machine", or "transducer head". Claim language directed to a nominal combination expressed as an operation station (e.g., cutter, press, printer, etc.), spatially located with respect to a feeder also will not bar original placement in this class (226). However, the following recitations in a claim will be considered as details which will bar original placement in this class, and will be reason for placing a patent claiming such details in the appropriate treating class; "a rotary printing press", "a reciprocating cutter", "a heated drying chamber"; or operative structure such as "means to synchronize the operation of a cutter and a feed means", "means to stop tape feed as the recorder head is moved out of recording position". (It should be understood that the above words and phrases are exemplary, and that equivalent terms will be given the same effect where appropriate).
(2) This class does not take original patents claiming processes for feeding material in combination with any process for modifying material even though such modifying step is broadly recited (e.g., "and treating the material"). Patents reciting such combinations will be placed as originals in the appropriate class or subclass pertaining to the treating process on the basis of the material modifying step or steps.
The locus of patents disclosing web or strand feeding combinations classified in the subject classes is as follows: (These references are to be considered merely indicative of the art in the class, and should not be considered as exhaustive.) Textile Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 8, Class 19, Class 26, Class 28, Class 38, Class 57, Class 66; Class 68; Class 87; Class 139; for specific class
references related to this subject class.
Printing Communications and Analogous Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 101; Class 118; Class 178; Class 235; Class 281; Class 346; Class 360; Class 369; Class 400; Class 462.
Article Manufacturing Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 29, Class 53; Class 59; Class 72; Class 76; Class 131; Class 227; Class 413; Class 470; Class 493
Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 19; Class 34; Class 65; Class 72; Class 83; Class 100; Class 112; Class 134; Class 140; Class 142; Class 144; Class 225; Class 261; Class 264; Class 266; Class 270; Class 408; Class 425; Class 432; Class 446; Class 451.
C. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER CLASSES WHICH INCLUDE ADVANCING OFINDETERMINATE-LENGTH* MATERIAL
The subject classes referred to in this section include patents directed to the combination of advancing such material plus an operation other than a treatment of, or a working on, such material (i.e., the material is not changed during its movement). This class (226) will not take original patents disclosing the combination referred to above, if such material is disclosed as being an intimate part of the apparatus (or method of using the apparatus), or is claimed in combination with elements not performing a material advancing function. For example, a patent disclosing a cable, one or more sheaves, cable-moving means, and a load on the cable to be moved thereby, will be placed in an appropriate "pulling" class, listed in References to Other Classes on the basis that the cable and its mover are intimate parts of the pulling apparatus. Similarly, moving picture projecting apparatus (or method involving use of such apparatus) will be placed in one of the "viewing" classes listed in References to Other Classes on the basis of claimed projection lens plus film gate (comprising an optical system). The class lines between this class (226) and the subject classes (especially those classes listed in References to Other Classes are more fully discussed in the section, Relationship to Specific Classes, in Lines With Other Classes.
The locus of patents disclosing combinations classified in the subject classes is as follows: Pulling or Hoisting Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 15; Class 37; Class 43; Class 104; Class 166; Class
187; Class 212; Class 221; Class 254; Class 294; Class 474.
Viewing or Exhibiting or Analogous Arts -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 40; Class 84; Class 178; Class 352; Class 355; Class 360; Class 369; Class 399.
Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material -
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 219; Class 242; Class 270; Class 312; Class 314.
D. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER MATERIAL HANDLING CLASSES
The subject classes referred to in this section include original patents directed to a moving means capable, as disclosed, of moving various types of material. This class (226) is the locus of inventions whose sole disclosed use is the advancing of indeterminate-length* material. Other appropriate classes referred to in this section will take patents wherein the disclosure is vague, or is specific to handling of various types of material. It should be noted that specific exceptions to this last-mentioned line are provided for in Relationship to Specific Causes.
For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations, see References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 193; Class 198; Class 221; Class 222; Class 271; Class 406; Class 414; Class 453.
E. RELATIONSHIP TO CLASSES WHICH INCLUDE SUBCOMBINATIONSUTILIZABLE IN ADVANCING INDETERMINATE LENGTH* MATERIAL
This class does not take original patents directed only to subcombinations of general utility in either this class (226) or other classes, which subcombinations are specifically provided for in other classes. Specific exceptions to this line may appear in Relationship to Specific Causes above. A patent, to be placed originally in this class, should claim more than the subcombination, that is, it should recite the means for, or a step of, advancing of material as the end result, and/or the cooperation of the subcombination with the material-advancer. The locus of patents disclosing subcombinations which are utilizable in advancing indeterminate length* material, listed below in groups pertaining to common subject matter, is as follows:
Detection of Material Breaking or Exhaustion:
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 19; Class 34; Class 200; Class 242.
Other Detection of Material:
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 26; Class 28; Class 33; Class 57; Class 66; Class 72; Class73; Class 83; Class 118; Class 139; Class 192; Class 200; Class 242; Class250; Class 318; Class 340.
Driven Feed-Roll:
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 19; Class 72; Class 492.
Active, but Nondriven Means (e.g., a Roll, or a Pulley) for Guiding Material:
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 16; Class 68; Class 72; Class 100; Class 193.
Passive Means for Guiding Material:
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 16; Class 34; Class 43; Class 57; Class 72; Class 83; Class 112; Class 225; Class242; Class254; Class 289; Class 396; Class 400. Material-Movement Retarding Element (e.g., a "Tensioner"):
See References to Other Classes, below. Specifically see: Class 28; Class Class 66; Class 72; Class 87; Class 112; Class 139; 188; Class 225; Class 242.
In general, the classes listed above fall into one of two categories; (a) those combination classes having therein subclasses pertaining specifically to subcombinations which are also subcombinations for this class (or pertaining to combinations found in this class (226) excluded herefrom because of the combinational aspect of the class wherein the subclass is located), or (b) those classes which are of themselves subcombination classes, the devices of which are of general utility.
The classes referred to as falling within (a) above may be identified by their having been discussed or listed in the following sections:
Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-length* Work;
Classes Which Include Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material; or
Other Material Handling Classes.
Thus the classes referred to as falling within (b) above may be identified by their being listed only in this section (i.e., Classes Which Include Subcombinations Utilizable in Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material).
LINE BETWEEN CLASS 26 AND CLASS 226
See Class 26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 71+ for structure for feeding a cloth web while simultaneously stretching or otherwise expanding the cloth. See, for example: subclass 71 (the principal subclass) for web feed means in series, each successively accelerated whereby stretchingly to tension the web (and compare this with Class 226, subclass 195); 74+ for web condition- responsive means to control the simultaneous feed and stretch operation (and compare with Class 226, subclasses 10+; particularly Class 226 subclasses 15+, since edge detection and registration control is frequently involved); and subclasses 97 and 99+ for means simultaneously to stretch and feed the cloth web by contact with orbitally traveling surface means.
LINE BETWEEN CLASS 242 AND CLASS 226 Class 226 currently provides for an "orbitally traveling material*-engaging surface(s)" in subclasses 168+ and "with means to retard material* movement (e.g., "tensioner")" in subclass 195 which conflict with Class 242 subclasses 147+, 157+, 410+, and subclasses 615+. Plans are underway to resolve this conflict by making Class 242 subclasses 147+, 157+, 410+ and 615+ the residual location for their respective features, with Class 226 subclasses 168+ and 195 being limited to their respective features combined with a material* feeder*. This has already been resolved for Class 226 subclass 196.1.)
LINE BETWEEN CLASSES 312, 226, AND 242
Class 226 will take an original patent claiming means for positively moving such indeterminate-length* strip provided that the supply roll and its mounting is not specifically recited. See the line between Class 242 and Class 226, above. A patent claiming a device wherein the strip is directly grasped to pull the strip out of the cabinet, will be placed as an original in Class 312.
LINE BETWEEN CLASS 462 AND CLASS 282
Class 462 includes patents directed to a casing having supported therein a manifold set (which is the name applied to a plurality of strips alternately interleaved with carbon strip) and a writing platen over which such material is trained. Placement of a patent in Class 282 will be on the basis of the environment, including the writing platen, or on the basis of claims directed to the manifold set.
LINE BETWEEN CLASS 474 AND CLASS 226
See particularly Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class in Class 474 for the line between Class 226 and Class 474.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,
151+,. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above) 15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,
104.31+,. (See above, "Pulling/Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
16, Miscellaneous Hardware,
210+, includes sash cord guide means. (See above, "Active, but Nondriven Means," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
16, Miscellaneous Hardware,
2.1+, for a brushing or lining thimble for an opening or socket, or subclasses 108+ for a ferrule, ring, or thimble applied to the exterior opening of a rod, pipe, conduit, strand*, or other device. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
.2+, .48 and 204+. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
236+,. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
19, Textiles: Fiber preparation,
.25+,. (See above, "Detection of Material Breaking, Exhaustion," Relationship to Classes With Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.) 19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
143,. (See above, "Driven Feed-Roll," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing,
71+, for structure for feeding a cloth web while simultaneously stretching or otherwise expanding the cloth. See Lines With Other Classes, "Line Between Class 26 and
Class 226" above. (Also, see Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing,
51.4+, includes controlled weft-adjusting, subclass 51.5 includes a photo-electric scanner, and subclasses 74+ for apparatus for expanding; e.g., stretching (or spreading in subclasses 75+, thereunder) running length webs of cloth which include cloth-condition-responsive operation control. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
28, Textiles: Manufacturing,
185+, and 191. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
28, Textiles: Manufacturing,
185, and 194 include tension control, subclass 189 includes a pivoted detector to control stopping of a fabric weaving machine. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
28, Textiles: Manufacturing, 185, and 194. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses, for which see schedule. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
33, Geometrical Instruments, includes in
732+, the feeding fabric or cord through a distance measuring device. Subclasses 740+ specifically provides for a stopping of the fabric or cord in response to predetermined rotation of a roll which is in contact with the fabric or cord. Thus, this class (226) will only take, as an original patent, one claiming a device in which a measuring element is moved by contact with another part of the device and not by contact with the material. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, above, A, (2))
33, Geometrical Instruments,
133, includes work-driven means for measuring a length of material and stopping the movement of the material responsive to such measurement. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for
Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,
611+, and other appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,
525, includes control of heater by material tension and/or breaking. (See above, "Detection of Material Breaking, Exhaustion," Relationship to Classes With Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 242, includes a chamber seal. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
37, Excavating,
302, 303, 394+, and 398. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing,
44+,. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts, " Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,
27.4,. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,
24, for a line guide or tip for a fishing rod. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
53, Package Making,
64+, and 389. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing) 57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining,
90, 91 and 326. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining,
80+,. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining,
352+, includes strand guarding or guiding structure. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making,
24+,. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
65, Glass Manufacturing,
90+, for process of forming sheet glass including advancing material of indeterminate length, and subclasses 193+ for glass sheet drawing apparatus including sheet advancing means. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
66, Textiles: Knitting, 125+, and 128+. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
66, Textiles: Knitting,
158+,. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
66, Textiles: Knitting,
146,. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus,
97+, 159+ and 244+. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus,
126, includes a roll squeezer mounting. (See above, "Active,
but Nondriven Means," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing; and Material-Working or -Treating)
72, Metal Deforming, 10+,. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
72, Metal Deforming, in appropriate subclasses involving the treatment of indeterminate length material, includes work feeding or guiding or tool adjusting means. (See above, "Driven Feed-Roll, " Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
72, Metal Deforming, as indicated in the reference to this class (72) in the reference in Class 226 "Driven Feed Roll" above. (See above, "Active, but Nondriven Means, " Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
72, Metal Deforming, as indicated in the reference to this class (72) in reference in Class 226 to "Driven Feed Roll" above.
250+, include means to handle or guide work in the type of rolling there provided for. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
72, Metal Deforming,
151, 183 and 205 include a method of or means for tensioning running length work in connection with a deflecting or rolling operation thereon. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
72, Metal Deforming,
5,. (See above, "Detection of Material Breaking, Exhaustion," Relationship to Classes With Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
73, Measuring and Testing,
37+, includes subjecting a specimen directly to fluid pressure (positive or negative), to determine properties of the specimen, and see especially subclass 37.7 where the specimen is sheet or filament material. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length*
Material.) 76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making,
22+, 35+ and 75+. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
83, Cutting, Appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
83, Cutting, includes material sensing to control work feed to a cutting operation, see appropriate subclasses therein. (See above, "Other Detection of Material, " Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
83, Cutting,
373, and 438+ include means to guide moving work. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
84, Music,
128+, 132 and 136+. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making,
18+, and 20+. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making,
61,. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.) 100, Presses,
155+,. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
100, Presses, includes roll adjustment means in
168+, and roll pairs in subclass 176. (See above, "Active, but Nondriven Means," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
101, Printing, appropriate subclasses (see Class 101 schedule). (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc.)
104, Railways,
173+, and 202+. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
112, Sewing,
47+, and 303+. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
112, Sewing,
136+, for a work manipulating guide combined with a specified sewing process or apparatus, or subclass 302 for a thread guiding or handling means combined with a specified sewing process or apparatus. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.) 112, Sewing,
59, 97 and 254+. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
118, Coating Apparatus,
672+, and other appropriate subclasses. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc.)
118, Coating Apparatus,
672+, includes "automatic control", hence inherently provides a detector. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
131, Tobacco,
60+,. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,
9, 15, 64, and 122. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Material-Working or -Treating)
139, Textiles: Weaving,
97+,. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Textile Arts, above)
139, Textiles: Weaving, includes weft-thread feeling mechanism in
269+, and 370.1+, warp-thread detecting in subclasses 354, 355+ and 368, and tension sensing to regulate speed of takeup in subclass 311. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
139, Textiles: Weaving,
212+, and 256+. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
140, Wireworking,
59+,. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
142, Wood Turning,
54,. (See above, Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
144, Woodworking,
245,. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
166, Wells, 77.1+,. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
178, Telegraphy,
42,. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc.)
178, Telegraphy,
42,. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for Vehicle,
235, 251+, and 404+. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts",
Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
188, Brakes, includes a strand brake in
65.1+, a rod brake in subclass 67, and a strand-engaging, speed-responsive brake operator in subclass 188. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control,
125+, includes stop mechanism under control of material (e.g., indeterminate-length web). (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.) 193, Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
193, Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways,
35+, includes a roller way. (See above, "Active, but Nondriven Means," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, includes some structures similar to those found in this class (226). The previous line between Class 198 and the web feeding class remains unchanged. Patents disclosing the feeding of material (i.e., to an operating station), will be placed in this class (226). Patents disclosing movement of material for the purpose of transporting such material will remain in Class 198. (See Lines With Other Classes above, A, (2).
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
61.18,. (See above, "Detection of Material Breaking, Exhaustion," Relationship to Classes With Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,
61.13+, includes electrical switch detector means actuated by running length material. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
212, Traversing Hoists,
76+,. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to
Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.) 219, Electric Heating,
155, and 156. (See above, "Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material," Relationship to Other Classes with Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
221, Article Dispensing,
71+,. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
221, Article Dispensing,
71+, and other appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
222, Dispensing, appropriate subclasses, for the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, includes the combination of material-moving or material-guiding means in combination with a tearing edge. Any recitation in a claim of such an edge is sufficient to cause placement of a patent including such a recitation originally in Class 225 and will bar placement of the patent in this class (226). (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, above, A, (2))
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts, " in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking,
88, includes a guide for running length work. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, includes a brake or tensioner in 51+, 73+, 79, 82+, and 106. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus,
80, and 82+. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
235, Registers,
60.51,. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and
Communications, etc.)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, for more than a nominal supply or take-up coil structure (e.g., a support for such a coil, a cooperative relationship between a tension or exhaust detector and reel driving or reel stopping means, etc.),
147+, a residual locus for a strand* tensioning device, subclasses 157+ a residual locus for a strand* guide, subclasses 377 for a reeling device with a spring motor having a particular guide structure, subclasses 410+ a residual locus for a tension control or brake, or 615+, a residual locus for a material* guide or guard. ((See Lines With Other Classes above, A, (2). Also see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, "Line Between Class 226 and Class 242" above)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding. (See above, "Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material, " Relationship to Other Classes with Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
473+, 480, 485.2+, 534+, and 563+. (See above, "Detection of Material Breaking, Exhaustion," Relationship to Classes With Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
242, Winding, Tension, or Guiding, includes detector or stop means for a helical winding machine in 472.9+, 479.9+, 484.8, and 484.9+ for a convolute winding machine in subclasses 534+, and in an unwinding machine in subclasses 563+. The tensioning means of subclasses 410+ tend to inherently include tension detecting means to enable the tension to be controlled. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, includes a guide or guard: in
326.4, 346+, and 348 combined with a film or tape cartridge; in subclasses 332+ with a tape or film threading arrangement leading to or from a coil; in subclasses 273+, 377, and 397+ combined with reel structure; in subclasses 548+ combined with a convolute winding machine; in subclass 566 combined with an unwinding machine, subclasses 615+ for running material, and subclasses 157+ for a strand guide, per se. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,
410+, and 147+. (See above, "Material-Movement Retarding
Element," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
250, Radiant Energy,
548, includes means for detecting and controlling a web, strand, strip, or sheet, subclasses 555+ and 559.01+ include a coded record, web, strand, strip, or sheet in the optical system and photocell circuitry, subclasses 566+ include the detection of a coded record, web, strand, strip, or sheet. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,
47+, 199+, and 264+. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,
389+, for devices or members for guiding load-pulling cable. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.) 261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus,
80,. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts, " in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
266, Metallurgical Apparatus,
102+,. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
270, Sheet-Material Associating includes movement of web material to a claimed web associating operation, in
52,. The mere naming of "an associating station", (or equivalent term) will not bar placement of an original patent in this class (226). However, claimed recitation of such station plus inherent associating structure (e.g., "turning bars", "guide bars", etc.,) wherein it is clear that plural webs are directed to a common line of travel, will be reason for placing an original patent so claimed in Class 270. A
patent claiming the movement of plural webs out of a common line of travel into plural lines of travel, or claiming a subcombination of plural guide bars disclosed as for the above-stated purpose, will be placed as an original in Class 270. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, above, A, (2).
270, Sheet-Material Associating,
5, 10+, 41+, 43+, and other appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
270, Sheet-Material Associating, appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material, " Relationship to Other Classes with Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, includes movement of sheets to an operation or from an operation. The line between Class 226 and Class 271 is based on disclosure of the material acted upon. Patents which clearly disclose feed or delivery of sheet-like articles only, will be placed in Class 271, even though such structure is capable of feeding web material. Original patents which clearly disclose movement of web material as well as sheets and claim means which is capable of moving either, will be placed in this class (226). (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A (2) above.) 271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, appropriate subclasses, for the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.
281, Books, Strips, and Leaves, includes patents directed to a casing having supported therein a roll of web material, and a writing platen over which such material is trained. Movement of such material may be as a result of direct contact of the operative's hand with the material or as a result of a roller manipulated by the operative; but the environment, especially the provision of a casing and a writing platen, will be reason for placing a patent claiming such features in Class 281. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A (2) above.)
281, Books, Strips, and Leaves,
8, and 11. (See Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc. )
289, Knots and Knot Tying,
15, includes a cord guide. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements,
74+, and 82.1+. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, includes continuous strip towel dispensers in
34.1+,. See above, Lines With Other Classes, "Line Between Class 312, 226, and 242." (Also see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A (2) above.)
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, 34.1+,. (See above, "Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material," Relationship to Other Classes with Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes,
59, 68, and other appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Other Advancing of Indeterminate Length* Material," Relationship to Other Classes with Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems,
6+, include means to control an electric motor system in response to the tension in a run of material driven by such system. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
340, Communications: Electrical,
675+, include electric automatic web, film, or strip responsive indicating systems. (See above, "Other Detection of Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Indeterminate Length* Material.)
346, Recorders,
136,. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc. )
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, includes the combination of material moving means and an optical system. This class (226) will take an original patent claiming a device for moving material (e.g., a film) past a named "lens", "shutter", "gate", or equivalent motion picture means. However; the recitation in a claim of mechanism for operating such named element, or a plurality of such elements recited as to establish optical or mechanical cooperation between
such elements as to make an optical system, will bar original placement in this class (226). For example a patent claiming "a gate and means for moving the gate" or " a gate and a lens" will be placed originally in Class 352. (Also see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A (2) above.)
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, 166+,. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
355, Photocopying,
97+, and 104+. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,
88+, and other appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc. )
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,
88+, and other appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,
258+, particularly subclass 259. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc.)
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,
258+, particularly subclass 259. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
396, Photography, 646, for photos:graphic fluid treating apparatus which includes a film guide. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
399, Electrophotography,
16+, and 361+ for document handling. (See above, "Viewing or Exhibiting Arts," Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing of Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
400, Typewriting Machines,
223+, and 611+. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc. )
400, Typewriting Machines,
248, includes an ink ribbon guide. (See above, "Passive Means for Guiding Material," Relationship to Classes with Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current, appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, especially
67+, and 69+ for material advancing means combined with a tool of that class type. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
413, Sheet Metal Container Making, 42, 45+ and 56+. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
414, Material or Article Handling,
14+, includes stock lead end pullers and stock-end face pushers. Patents disclosing lead end pulling of material have been placed in this class (226) when the purpose disclosed is for threading into a material moving means within a class definition. Where the lead end pulling is for feeding (to a work station), patents claiming such devices have been placed in Class 414. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A, (2), above.)
414, Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,
66, 71, 83.1, 113, 224, and 377. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
432, Heating,
59, for a structure heating sheet, web or strand material by
advancing it through a heating zone. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,
182, for means to feed a sheet through a toy film burster. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
451, Abrading, 188+, 207, and 139 for an abrading machine with a roller work feed; subclasses 331+ for a work feeder, generally, for an abrading device. (See above, "Material-Working or Material-Treating Arts," in Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work.)
453, Coin Handling, appropriate subclasses. (For the locus of patents disclosing material handling combinations.)
462, Books, Strips, and Leaves, for manifolding includes patents directed to a casing having supported therein a manifold set (which is the name applied to a plurality of strips alternately interleaved with carbon strip) and a writing platen over which such material is trained. Also see Lines To Other Classes, above, "Line Between Class 462 and Class 282." (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, section A, (2), above.)
462, Books, Strips, and Leaves, for manifolding appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Printing and Communications, etc. )
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus, appropriate subclasses. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, includes power transmission systems using an endless belt, and structure for driving, guiding, tensioning, or shifting a belt. (See Lines With Other Classes for the line between Class 474 and Class 226. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, above, A, (2)).
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components, appropriate subclasses. (See above, "Pulling or Hoisting Arts", Relationship to Other Classes for Advancing Indeterminate-Length* Material.)
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for, and see the notes thereunder. (See above, "Driven Feed-Roll, " Relationship to Classes with
Subcombinations for Advancing Material.)
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, appropriate subclass. (See above, Material-Modifying Classes Which Include Feeding of Indeterminate-Length* Work, Article Manufacturing)
GLOSSARY:
CARRIER (n) As used in this class, a member on which a material engaging part is slidingly or rotatably (including pivotally) mounted, which member entirely supports the part against gravity while allowing relative movement between the member and the part. This term is applied only to that member of a device which is immediately connected to the material-engaging part. A member can be a complex of parts which move integrally together.
DISPENSER
(n) A device which moves material to an operative (e.g., a person who operates such device and who will use the material). (Compare with Feeder).
FEED
(v) To move material to an operation*.
(n) The act of moving material to an operation*.
FEEDER
(n) A device which moves material to an operation*. (Compare with Dispenser).
FEED-ROLL
A roll* which is disclosed as driven so as to impart motion to the material whereby the material is moved to an operation.
GRIPPER
(n) As used in this class, a movable device comprising a plurality of substantially opposed surface elements (commonly termed jaws) relatively movable toward and away from a common line or plane (to engage corresponding opposed areas on material) and hold such material frictionally to the elements, whereby additional movement imparted to the elements in a material advancing direction will also be imparted to the material. INDETERMINATE LENGTH
An extent of material having the characteristic that the
longitudinal dimension of the material is effectively infinite insofar as can be determined from the claimed structure for advancing such material. The term applies to an extent of material in which the distance between the ends is irrelevant to the manner of, or structure for, handling and/or moving such material. Thus, except for the lead-end threaders of subclass 91, the leading or trailing end of the material is not utilized by the claimed means for moving the material, nor recognized in a claimed method of moving. The term as used in this class also applies to material which is formed in a closed loop, (i.e., the leading end and the trailing end of definite length material have been joined together). However, the lead end may be used in stopping the material to effect intermittent advance as in subclasses 125+, and a trailing end (effected by a break or depletion of material) may be sensed to stop operation of the advancer.
LATERAL
As used in this class, the term refers to that direction simultaneously perpendicular to the longitudinal* direction of movement of a web* and parallel to the surface of the web.
LONGITUDINAL
As used in this class, the term refers to the direction along the length of the indeterminate-length* material.
MATERIAL
The work, stock, web, strand or other interconnected stuff which is being advanced.
OPERATION
(n) A performing of work or a doing of an act. Exemplary operations are: cutting, recording, viewing, dyeing.
RECESSED-ROLL A roll* having a radially stepped periphery, the radially outward portion engaging material and the radially inward portion(s) not engaging the material.
ROLL
A shaft-mounted rotatable body, usually cylindrical, a portion of the periphery of which engages material. Although a roll is usually cylindrical, the term is used in this class to include a conical, truncated conical, or spherical body, a portion of the periphery of which engages the material to be moved.
ROLL-COUPLE
A group of at least two rolls*, material being disposed
therebetween in simultaneous tangential and/or peripheral engagement with all rolls, the roll(s) on one side of the material counter-rotating relative to the roll(s) on the other side of such material. An example of a roll-couple comprising more than two elements, is a plurality of equal-diameter rolls co-axially mounted, all of which rolls are opposed by a single, parallel roll.
STRAND
Material having a cross-section (transverse of the longitudinal* dimension) of substantially similar width and depth dimensions (compare with Web). Exemplary strand materials are: rod, tube, cordage (i.e., rope, cable, etc.) chain, filaments, yarn, wire.
WEB
Material having a cross-section (transverse of the longitudinal* dimension) of relatively thin dimension perpendicular to a relatively wide dimension (compare with Strand). Thus, the material has two side edges defining its lateral* boundaries, and two surfaces defining its other cross-sectional boundaries. Exemplary web materials are: fabric, screening, strip.