US PATENT CLASS 219
Class Notes
Current as of: June, 1999
Click HD for Main Headings
Click for All Classes
DEFINITION
Classification: 219/
This class includes all those devices commonly known as electric heaters, electric-heating metal working apparatus, electrically-heated tools and instruments. Processes are classified with the apparatus unless otherwise indicated by the subclass title.
This is the generic class for electric heating devices, per se. Devices and systems equipped with electric heating means in which the electric heating means is combined with or includes specific other art structure whereby the heated material is withdrawn, stored or otherwise utilized will be classified in the appropriate other art class to which it pertains and cross referenced back to Class 219.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES
An example of other classes as mentioned above in the Class Definition is Class 122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers in which such terms as steam dome, super heaters, steam separators, condensers, traps, etc., are considered to be art structure over and beyond the mere heating of a liquid and comprising specific means for further storing or utilizing the liquid or vapor resulting from a heating step and sufficient to exclude the claimed subject matter from this class.
The liquid heaters to be found in this class, subclasses 281+ are very similar to those classified in Class 122 and in Class 126, subclasses 344+. The general line to be followed in distinguishing between this and those classes is as follows: Where the claims recite specific electrical means for heating a liquid only and the end result recited is a heated liquid only and no further means is claimed for withdrawing the liquid for further use the device will be considered a liquid heater for this class. For an understanding of the lines between Classes 122 and 126 consult the class definitions and the notes thereunder.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS
5, Beds, 284, for bed structures with devices for heating or cooling of, and subclass 421 for devices for supporting bed clothing with heating means.
12, Boot and Shoe Making,
1, for miscellaneous shoe machinery with heaters, subclasses 32.1, 33.2 and 41.5 for sole machines with electric heaters, subclasses 53.1, 53.3 and 69.7 for heel machines with electric heaters, subclass 78.5 for sole and/or heel burnishing machines with heating means, and subclasses 114.2, 114.6, 116.2, 117.4, and 129.4 for tools or forms used in shoe manufacturing with heating means.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning,
1.5, for electrostatic cleaning, subclasses 300.1+ for cleaning by air blast or suction wherein the fluid may be heated and subclasses 104.001+ for implements which may be heated.
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,
.27, for drying apparatus.
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing,
3+, for singeing devices which may utilize electric heating means.
30, Cutlery,
32, for wire razor devices, subclasses 34.05+ for razors combined with heated blade, and subclass 42 for the combination where the blade is movable.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 519+, for processes which may utilize electric heaters particularly subclass 283 for drying the hair on the head and the subclasses under the title "Apparatus" for particular drying apparatus which may utilize electric heating means.
36, Boots, Shoes, and Leggings,
2.6, for boots and shoes with heating means.
38, Textiles: Ironing, or Smoothing,
74+, for flat irons which may include electrical heating devices by name only.
44, Fuel and Related Compositions.
48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating,
65, for cupola gas generators wherein electric current is used for heating purposes, and subclass 103 for retorts in which is located an electric heater for gasifying the oil.
60, Power Plants,
523, for a motor operated by the expansion and contraction of a unit mass where the expansion is caused by an electrical heating means.
62, Refrigeration, particularly 148, 159+, 167, 238, 275+, 324+, and 351 for heating means associated with refrigeration apparatus.
65, Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclasses for glass working apparatus utilizing electrical heating means particularly
40, for means employing dielectric or joule effects and subclasses 152+ for fusion bonding devices.
70, Locks, appropriate subclasses for heater lock combinations according to the particular lock structure.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for heating metal by a means other than electricity and deforming it.
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for measuring or testing devices with electrical heating means for testing purposes or for maintaining constant temperature.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, for patents claiming a metal composition, e.g., an alloy or a composition having a continuous phase of free metal made by consolidating metal particles.
81, Tools, appropriate subclasses for particular tool structure which may be combined with heating means.
83, Cutting,
170+, for cutting apparatus combined with means to modify or control the temperature of the apparatus or work.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for gas separation apparatus having heating or cooling means.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus takes food support means, peculiar to a food, shape, or condition, (e.g., can, jar, bottle, or slice holders, spits, griddles, waffle irons, sandwich grills, article confining or conforming supports), including a mechanism for manipulating food during cooking, other than mere agitation or stirring (e.g., conveying or bodily moving), or including a mechanism for treating food (e.g., basting, compressing, molding, drip, or gravy segregating), and, in any case, irrespective of whether or not a heat, steam, or vapor generator or enclosure is claimed;
324+, for cooking apparatus.
100, Presses,
92+, for a press having an additional heating, cooling, or drying means to treat material or subclass 102 for a press that may be combined with an electrical heating means.
101, Printing, see
3.1+, especially subclasses 8, 9+, 21, 25, 27, and 31 for embossing or penetrating devices utilizing heated dies.
104, Railways,
15, for electric welders for track joints and subclass 279 for track clearing devices comprising rail heaters.
105, Railway Rolling Stock, especially
451, for heating devices which may be electrical.
110, Furnaces,
194, for cremation apparatus that may utilize electric heating means; and subclass 250 for a refuse incinerator provided with an electric heater. 118, Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, especially
47, for coating burning apparatus, and subclasses 50.1, 58+, 620+, 663+, and 723+ for coating devices with means for applying electrical or radiant energy to work and or coating material, particularly subclasses 641+ for radiant heating devices.
119, Animal Husbandry,
308+, for a brooder warmed by an electrical component, or subclasses 318+ for an incubator warmed by an electrical component.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, appropriate subclasses for steam generating devices which may utilize electric heating means.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, particularly
543+, for means for heating the carburetor, subclass 142.5 for the combination of an internal combustion engine combined with external heating means for heating the engine or some adjunct thereof and subclass 145 for incandescent igniters.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, appropriate subclasses for structural features peculiar to stoves and furnaces, see particularly
273.5, for domestic ovens with heat accumulators and subclass 400 for heat accumulators, per se.
128, Surgery, appropriate subclasses for various instruments combined with heating means or designed for the utilization of heat energy for therapeutic treatment of the human body.
131, Tobacco, 185, for tobacco users' appliances with igniter means.
132, Toilets,
7, for methods of hair treating comprising permanent waving with heat and subclass 118 for hair combs with heaters and subclass 148 for combs combined with other features; see also subclasses 31+ for hair crimpers or curlers which may include heaters.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,
105+, for apparatus with heating, cooling or heat exchange means.
136, Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric for batteries in that class having heating means.
137, Fluid Handling,
341, for electric heating means for the system.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits,
33, for electric thawing or freeze protection means therefor.
140, Wireworking,
112, for processes for joining of wires by electric welding. 141, Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means,
82, for the treatment of material by heating or cooling.
148, Metal Treatment, particularly
520, 525, and 565 for processes of significant heat treatment of metal to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of metal wherein electrical heating is utilized. See Lines With Other Classes, "Metal Casing, Metal Fusion Bonding, Machining, or Working Classes" to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment.
164, Metal Founding, appropriate subclasses for metal casting apparatus which may employ an electric heater.
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for systems comprising both heating and cooling means or heat transfer, particularly
200+, for automatic control; subclass 42 for vehicle heating and cooling and subclasses 47+ for structural installations such as radiant building panels.
166, Wells,
60, for well structure with an electric heater in the well.
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, appropriate subclasses for insulator devices and structural details of electrical conductors, per se.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, 16, for an electrical heating process or device for forming a hole in the earth by directly applying heat to fluidize or comminute the material forming the earth. (See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in the class definition of Class 175 for the line between Class 175 and Class 219).
178, Telegraphy,
94, for pyros:graphic code recorders.
184, Lubrication,
104, for heating and cooling devices for lubricators.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles,
62, for trolley heads with heated ice clearers or preventers.
196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus,
121, for vaporizing devices with electric heating means.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, for generic circuit maker and breaker structure, or
308+, for an electrical switch having indicator means. 201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic,
19, for a thermolytic distillation in which electrical energy is applied.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, particularly
210, 236, 239, 241, 262, and 274 for electrolytic apparatus utilizing heating or cooling means.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation,
175+, for devices with heating or heat exchange means.
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, with the use of a plasma, note
67+,. The use of a cold plasma, which is a chemical reaction involving reactive ions and an article or substrate is not proper for Class 219, Electric Heating. However, cold plasma is proper for Class 216, Etching a Substrate: Processes. The use of a high temperature thermal plasma which removes or alters material by thermal means is proper for Class 219, Electric Heating.
221, Article Dispensing,
143, for dispensing devices with electrical ignition means and subclass 150 for such devices with article treatment involving heating or cooling.
222, Dispensing,
146, for dispensers with heating or cooling. 223, Apparel Apparatus,
26, for heated hat forms, subclasses 51, 70, 73, and 76 for apparatus including heating and steaming means and subclass 79 for heated glove forms.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, appropriate subclass for heating systems beyond the scope of Class 219 and involving automatic temperature control devices.
237, Heating Systems, appropriate subclasses for complete heating systems in which the heat source may be electrical.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,
128+, for heating or cooling means for the fluid or system.
244, Aeronautics,
134, for ice prevention devices utilizing electric heating
means.
250, Radiant Energy,
316+, for infrared or thermal pattern recorders or document copiers, subclass 337 for a radiant energy electric signalling device responsive to luminous energy emitted from a heated luminophor irradiated by invisible radiation subclass 352 but conduction to or from some part of an infrared responsive electric signalling means, subclass 429 for temperature control of contained supported transferred fluent material, subclass 443.1 for a support for an object to be irradiated with charged particles with heat transfer to or from the object, and subclass 495.1 for plural invisible radiation sources including an infrared source, subclass 504 for an infraradiation source with a radiation modifying member and subclass 238 for photocells with temperature control.
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, 139, and 142 for such apparatus with an electrical external heat supply.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for such apparatus with electrical heating devices.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings,
41, for such devices with heating or cooling means.
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants for prime mover dynamo plants for producing heat.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
112+, for a residual switching system.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
341+, for piezoelectric crystals with temperature control means in which electrical circuit connections and the crystal are claimed.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure,
236, for such structures with heating, cooling or heat exchange means.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices, appropriate subclasses for electric lamp, filament or cathode heaters, particularly 11+, including indented subclass 14 for pyroelectric devices and subclasses 15+ for such devices with electric heater temperature modifier means.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes, particularly
26+, for such devices with temperature modifying means.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, particularly
46+, 49, 50, 94+, and 112+ for systems with heated filaments, cathodes or device temperature modifiers.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, for a generic class of electrical systems wherein a single electrical source is coupled to a single electrical load circuit and means are provided which control the magnitude or level of the current or voltage of either or both of said circuits, especially
236, for other than an electrical zero switching output level condition responsive (e.g., heat, etc.) circuit.
331, Oscillators,
70, for oscillator with temperature modifier.
336, Inductor Devices,
55+, for inductors with temperature modifiers. 337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for specific switch structure with thermal actuating means.
338, Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for electrical resistors, per se. The mere claiming of a resistor having a heat insulating or heat conducting casing or housing does not exclude Class 338. However, as between Classes 219 and 338 the combination of a resistor used for heating purposes surrounded or incased by the structure to be heated or a resistor with structure or configuration for distributing, directing or concentrating the heat produced by the resistance is classified in this class (219), especially
200+,. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, "Electrical Resistance Heaters," in the class definition of Class 338 for a more detailed treatment of the line between the two classes.
340, Communications: Electrical,
309.15, for a timer controlled system, subclasses 384.1+ for an audible signaling device, especially subclass 387.1 for weatherproofing (e.g., means to melt sleet off of a signal device, etc.), subclasses 577+ for a flame condition responsive system, subclasses 584+ for a thermal condition responsive system, subclass 600 for radiant energy condition responsive system, subclasses 635+ for electrical apparatus
condition responsive system, especially subclass 640 for a heater element condition responsive system, subclass 655 for a condition responsive system indicating heating circuit energization, subclasses 815.4+ for visual indication systems or subclasses 825+ for miscellaneous remote control systems.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas,
704, for antennas with ice clearer or preventers which may utilize electric heaters.
346, Recorders,
76.1, for thermal recording of phenomenon.
347, Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information,
171.1+, for thermal marking processes or apparatus. 355, Photocopying,
3+, for electrophotography devices utilizing heating means.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,
1+, for safety and protection of systems and devices; indented subclasses 24, 25+, 32, 34, 37, and 103+ provide thermal sensing devices in various circuits or systems; subclasses 99 and 211 for combinations including thermal relays and control circuits for thermal relays; subclass 158 for thermal indicating instrument; subclasses 161+ for control circuits including a thermal device and subclasses 247+ for igniting systems.
362, Illumination,
92+, for the combination of illuminating means and a heating device.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, for furnaces which are especially adapted to metallurgical and related work. Such furnaces are generally characterized by electrical heating means within the chamber containing the material to be heated, the heating means being either an arc, a resistance, the material itself or a combination of such means and are further characterized by adaptation for operation on a granular material, such as crushed ore or for handling molten material fusing at a very high temperature, the material in both cases being received immediately within the body of the furnace.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, including electric heating arrangements to perfect a measurement or test or to maintain a constant temperature.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply,
1+, for a hand-manipulated coating implement with means to heat the material supply contained therein.
405, Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, 56, and 131 for devices for heating the earth which may use electrical heating means; and subclass 234 for a heating means employed in the installation of piling.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,
21, and 22+ for processes of sterilizing with electric energy subclasses 186.19 and 186.2 for radiant energy chemical reactors with heating or cooling means; and subclasses 242 and 295+ for autoclaves.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for a molding machine for shaping or reshaping nonmetals combined with means to heat or cool, see
407, and the search notes thereunder.
427, Coating Processes,
457+, for coating processes utilizing direct application of electrical magnetic, wave, or particulate energy.
429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product and Process,
62, for battery having a temperature control and subclass 120 for battery having heat exchange feature.
431, Combustion,
258+, for a burner having an electrical heater or igniter.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass for a residual heating apparatus that may include a broadly recited electrical heater as a source of heat. 452, Butchering,
73, for hot wire singers for fowl.
454, Ventilation, especially
83, 93, 121+, and 198 for condensation prevention devices which may use hot or heated air blown on a window or windshield.
606, Surgery,
2.5, for subject matter relating to removal of a calculus (e.g., stone) from the body wherein the calculus is fractured
or disintegrated by use of light energy.
901, Robots, subcollection 10 for a robot arm in which a sensor physically contacts and follows the work contour to control the arm movement and subcollection 42 for an art collection of welding robots.
D23, Environmental Heating and Cooling, Fluid Handling and Sanitary Equipment,
314+, for heating equipment.