US Patent Class 549
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES




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  DF  CLASS NOTES
*  DD  ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Class 532, Subclass 1)
*  DD  .~ HETEROCYCLIC CARBON COMPOUNDS CONTAINING A HETERO RING HAVING CHALCOGEN (I.E., OXYGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM, OR TELLURIUM) OR NITROGEN AS THE ONLY RING HETERO ATOMS (Class 540, subclass 1)
1  DF  .~.~ Sulfur containing hetero ring (e.g., thiiranes, etc.)
2  DF  .~.~.~ With preservative or stabilizer
3  DF  .~.~.~ Heavy metal or aluminum containing
4  DF  .~.~.~ Boron or silicon containing
5  DF  .~.~.~ Phosphorus attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
6  DF  .~.~.~.~ The hetero ring is five-membered
7  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
8  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Four chalcogens bonded directly to the same phosphorus
9  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring has at least seven members
10  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
11  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
12  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having at least three cyclos and having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
13  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is six-membered
14  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
15  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
16  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
17  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
18  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
19  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
20  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Two ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
21  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
22  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
23  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
24  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The polycyclo ring system has at least four cyclos
25  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
26  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
27  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
28  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
29  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is five-membered
30  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
31  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
32  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
33  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
34  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
35  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Two ring sulfurs in the hetero ring
36  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring
37  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
38  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
39  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
40  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
41  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
42  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
43  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
44  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
45  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
46  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
47  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
48  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
49  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
50  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the bicyclo ring system
51  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
52  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
53  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
54  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
55  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
56  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
57  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
58  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
59  DF  .~.~.~.~ Additional hetero ring containing
60  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Ring oxygen in the additional hetero ring
61  DF  .~.~.~.~ Cyano bonded directly to the hetero ring
62  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to ring carbon of the hetero ring
63  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
64  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
65  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
66  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
67  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
68  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
69  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the nitrogen
70  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
71  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
72  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
73  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
74  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
75  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
76  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
77  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing
78  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
79  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
80  DF  .~.~.~.~ Unsaturated carbocyclic ring or acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing
81  DF  .~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
82  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more halogens attached directly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
83  DF  .~.~.~.~ The compound consists of the ring sulfur, carbon, and hydrogen
84  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Process of forming the hetero ring from acyclic reactants only
85  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Metal containing catalyst utilized
86  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Process of alkylating the hetero ring
87  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens double bonded directly to ring sulfur of the hetero ring
88  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is four-membered
89  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring hetero atoms in the hetero ring
90  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is three-membered and has chalcogen or nitrogen attached directly or indirectly thereto by nonionic bonding
200  DF  .~.~ Oxygen containing hetero ring (e.g., dioxirane, etc.)
201  DF  .~.~.~ With preservative or stabilizer
202  DF  .~.~.~.~ Oxirane containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
203  DF  .~.~.~.~ Cyclic anhydride containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
204  DF  .~.~.~.~ Lactone containing compound with preservative or stabilizer
205  DF  .~.~.~.~ Compound in which the hetero ring is five-membered with preservative or stabilizer
206  DF  .~.~.~ Heavy metal or aluminum containing
207  DF  .~.~.~.~ Arsenic containing
208  DF  .~.~.~.~ The hetero ring has three members or at least seven members
209  DF  .~.~.~.~ The metal is bonded directly to carbon, which carbon is a ring carbon of the hetero ring or which carbon is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
210  DF  .~.~.~.~ The metal is bonded directly to chalcogen, which chalcogen is attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
211  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
212  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
213  DF  .~.~.~ Boron containing
214  DF  .~.~.~ Silicon containing
215  DF  .~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring containing
216  DF  .~.~.~ Phosphorus bonded directly to the hetero ring
217  DF  .~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring containing
218  DF  .~.~.~ Phosphorus attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
219  DF  .~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring containing
220  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
221  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
222  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
223  DF  .~.~.~ Xanthene ring system having a benzene ring bonded directly thereto para to the xanthene ring oxygen, wherein the carbon of a -COO- group is bonded directly to the benzene ring ortho to its position of attachment to the xanthene ring system, and spirolactone derivatives thereof (e.g., fluoresceins, chlorofluorans, etc.)
224  DF  .~.~.~.~ The xanthene ring system is three cyclos of a polycyclo ring system having at least four rings (e.g., benz(c)fluorans, etc.)
225  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the xanthene ring system (e.g., rhodols, aminofluorans, etc.)
226  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural nitrogens bonded directly to the xanthene ring system (e.g., 2,6 diaminofluorans, etc.)
227  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Rhodamines
228  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring contains -O-C(=X)-O- as part of its structure, wherein X is chalcogen (e.g., cyclic carbonates, etc.)
229  DF  .~.~.~.~ The hetero ring is five-membered
230  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The five-membered hetero ring, except for the =X to the ring, is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
231  DF  .~.~.~ Cyclic anhydrides (i.e., -C(=X)OC(=X)-, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, is part of the hetero ring)
232  DF  .~.~.~.~ The cyclic anhydride has at least six members and is a cyclo in a polycyclo ring system
233  DF  .~.~.~.~ The cyclic anhydride is five-membered (e.g., succinic anhydride, etc.)
234  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
235  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
236  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
237  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
238  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
239  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
240  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
241  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural bicyclo ring systems each having the cyclic anhydride as one of the cyclos
242  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to at least one of the bicyclo ring systems
243  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or additional chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
244  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
245  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)XH group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, or salt thereof (e.g., trimellitic anhydride, etc.)
246  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
247  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Phthalic anhydride per se
248  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Preparing by oxidation
249  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Fluidized catalyst
250  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Purification or recovery
251  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ By chemical reaction of impurity in presence of added chemical substance
252  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
253  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or additional chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding
254  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the cyclic anhydride by nonionic bonding
255  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic carbon chain containing carbon to carbon unsaturation bonded directly to the cyclic anhydride
256  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparing by oxidation
257  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Of benzene or hydrocarbyl substituted benzene
258  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Of acyclic or alicyclic hydrocarbon
259  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Vanadium and phosphorus, in compound or elemental form, utilized
260  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional heavy metal, other than titanium, utilized
261  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Double bond between ring members of the cyclic anhydride
262  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Maleic anhydride per se
263  DF  .~.~.~ Lactones (i.e., -C(=X)O-, wherein X is chalcogen, is part of the hetero ring)
264  DF  .~.~.~.~ Spiro
265  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The spiro includes the lactone ring
266  DF  .~.~.~.~ The lactone ring has at least seven members
267  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
268  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
269  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
270  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring (e.g., zearalanone, etc.)
271  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
272  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparing from a cyclic ketone (i.e., a ketone where the carbonyl is part of a ring)
273  DF  .~.~.~.~ The lactone ring is six-membered
274  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
275  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
276  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
277  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The tetracyclo ring system consists of four six-membered cyclos
278  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ At least two additional chalcogens bonded directly to the tetracyclo ring system
279  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Ring oxygen bonded directly to ring carbon which is a member of two cyclos in the tetracyclo ring system
280  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
281  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
282  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
283  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
284  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural bicyclo ring systems each having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
285  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
286  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Benzene ring and the lactone ring bonded directly to the same acyclic carbon
287  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
288  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
289  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The other cyclo of the bicyclo ring system is a six-membered carbocyclic ring to which chalcogen is directly attached
290  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The bicyclo lactone consists of two six-membered rings and is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
291  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
292  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
293  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
294  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Double bond between ring members of the lactone ring
295  DF  .~.~.~.~ The lactone ring is five-membered
296  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the lactone ring
297  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
298  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
299  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
300  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
301  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The tricyclo ring system consists of the lactone ring, a five-membered carbocyclic ring, and a three-membered carbocyclic ring
302  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the lactone ring as one of the cyclos
303  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
304  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
305  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
306  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
307  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The other cyclo of the bicyclo ring system is benzene (e.g., phthalides, etc.)
308  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two carbocyclic rings bonded directly to the same ring atom of the lactone ring
309  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to each of the carbocyclic rings
310  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
311  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The bicyclo ring system consists of two five-membered rings
312  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic carbon chain containing carbon to carbon unsaturation attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
313  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen bonded directly to the lactone ring
314  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ At least two additional chalcogens bonded directly to the lactone ring
315  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Double bond between ring members of the lactone ring or chalcogen double bonded directly at the 3- or 4-position of the lactone ring (e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.)
316  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Amine addition salts
317  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Sulfur or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to acyclic chalcogen
318  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
319  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural alkyl groups bonded directly to the same ring carbon of the lactone ring (e.g., pantolactone, etc.)
320  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
321  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
322  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X), wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the lactone ring
323  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
324  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the lactone ring by nonionic bonding
325  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparing by hydrogenation of cyclic anhydrides
326  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparing from compound containing -COO- group
327  DF  .~.~.~.~ Acyclic carbon double bonded directly to a ring carbon of a four-membered lactone ring
328  DF  .~.~.~.~ Four-membered lactone ring formed
329  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ From a ketene (HCH=C=O, wherein H may be substituted)
330  DF  .~.~.~ Spiro
331  DF  .~.~.~.~ The spiro includes a hetero ring
332  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The spiro includes a three- or four-membered hetero ring
333  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in a spiro hetero ring
334  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Both rings which form the spiro are hetero rings
335  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two six-membered hetero rings, which each contain plural ring oxygens, form the spiro (e.g., spirobi-(meta-dioxane), etc.)
336  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having one of the two rings which form the spiro as one of the cyclos
337  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional hetero ring containing
338  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural five-membered hetero rings
339  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Spiro ring is a cyclo in a tricyclo-carbocyclic ring system
340  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, containing
341  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The spiro hetero ring is five-membered
342  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, containing
343  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Both rings which form the spiro are hetero rings
344  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having one of the two hetero rings which form the spiro as one of the cyclos
345  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the spiro hetero ring as one of the cyclos (e.g., griseofulvin, etc.)
346  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring has at least seven members
347  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
348  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
349  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
350  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
351  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
352  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring
353  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Exactly four oxygens in the hetero ring
354  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
355  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
356  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is six-membered
357  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring (e.g., 1,2-dioxin, etc.)
358  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
359  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
360  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
361  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system (e.g., actinospectacin, etc.)
362  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
363  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
364  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
365  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The ring oxygens are in the 1,2- or 1,3-positions of the hetero ring
366  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
367  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring
368  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Trioxane per se
369  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The ring oxygens are in the 1,3-positions of the hetero ring (e.g., 1,3 dioxane, etc.)
370  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
371  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
372  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen or -C(=X), wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
373  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
374  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
375  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
376  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Preparing by reacting an aldehyde with a compound containing acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation
377  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The ring oxygens are in the 1,4-positions of the hetero ring (e.g., 1,4 dioxane, etc.)
378  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
379  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
380  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
381  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
382  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Pentacyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
383  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
384  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The tetracyclo ring system consists of four six-membered cyclos
385  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
386  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members or ring carbon is shared by the three cyclos (e.g., bridged or peri compounds, etc.)
387  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the tricyclo ring system
388  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The tricyclo ring system consists of three six-membered cyclos (e.g., xanthene, etc.)
389  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Naphtho-pyrans (including hydrogenated)
390  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Dibenzo(b,d)pyrans (including hydrogenated)
391  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
392  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
393  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
394  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the tricyclo ring system
395  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
396  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
397  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
398  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The bicyclo ring system consists of the hetero ring and a six-membered carbocyclic ring
399  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
400  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
401  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the ring carbon para to the ring oxygen (e.g., chromones, etc.)
402  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
403  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Benzene ring bonded directly to the hetero ring (e.g., flavones, etc.)
404  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
405  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
406  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Carbocyclic ring bonded directly to the hetero ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., flavanes, etc.)
407  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen or nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
408  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., tocopherols, etc.)
409  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen double bonded or plural chalcogens bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring (e.g., coenzyme Q, etc.)
410  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., tocopherol esters, etc.)
411  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Preparing from 1,4-di-oxygen substituted carbocyclic ring (e.g., of p benzoquinones, p-hydroquinones, etc.)
412  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Processes for chemical modification of substituents on the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system (e.g., alkylation of tocopherols, etc.)
413  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Purification or recovery
414  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
415  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural six-membered hetero rings
416  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
417  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
418  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Hydroxy bonded directly at the 3-position and oxygen double bonded directly at the 4-position of the hetero ring (H of -OH may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal)
419  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
420  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
421  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Alicyclic ring bonded directly to the chalcogen
422  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Five-membered carbocyclic ring having the hetero ring as part of one substituent and -COO- as part of another substituent (e.g., prostaglandin intermediates, etc.)
423  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Hydroxy or halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding (H of -OH may be replaced by a substituted or unsubstituted ammonium ion or a Group IA or IIA light metal)
424  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
425  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
426  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
427  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
428  DF  .~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
429  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is five-membered
430  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the hetero ring
431  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Three or more ring oxygens in the hetero ring (e.g., ozonides, etc.)
432  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
433  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
434  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
435  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
436  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
437  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
438  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
439  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the bicyclo ring system
440  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
441  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
442  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The nitrogen is attached directly to carbon by a double or triple bond
443  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the bicyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
444  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
445  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the ring system by nonionic bonding
446  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
447  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
448  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
449  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen or chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
450  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
451  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
452  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
453  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
454  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
455  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
456  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
457  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
458  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
459  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Two of the cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
460  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Dibenzofurans (including hydrogenated)
461  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the tricyclo ring system by nonionic bonding
462  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
463  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The two cyclos share at least three ring members (i.e., bridged)
464  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural ring oxygens in the bicyclo ring system
465  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The bicyclo ring system consists of two five-membered cyclos
466  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
467  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
468  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
469  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Benzene ring bonded directly to the hetero ring
470  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen of -C(=X)X-, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens, bonded directly to the carbocyclic ring of the bicyclo ring system
471  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring
472  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural hetero rings
473  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Acyclic -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
474  DF  .~.~.~.~ Cyano bonded directly to the hetero ring
475  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
476  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens bonded directly to the hetero ring
477  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen double bonded directly to the hetero ring
478  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
479  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Double bond between ring members of the hetero ring
480  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
481  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitro bonded directly to the hetero ring
482  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The hetero ring and an additional nitrogen are bonded directly to the same carbon
483  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
484  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
485  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural -C(=X)X- groups bonded directly to the hetero ring
486  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The carbon of the -C(=X)X- group is bonded directly at the 3-position of the hetero ring
487  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen bonded directly to the -C(=X)- group
488  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
489  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparation of furfural (i.e., furan-2-aldehyde)
490  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Purification or recovery of furfural
491  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
492  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Nitrogen and the hetero ring are single bonded directly to the same acyclic saturated hydrocarbon group
493  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
494  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
495  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by acyclic nonionic bonding
496  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
497  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
498  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is in a -C(=X)- group
499  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
500  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural -C(=X)X- groups attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
501  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
502  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Plural chalcogens attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
503  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Preparing by hydrogenation of furfural
504  DF  .~.~.~.~ Halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
505  DF  .~.~.~.~ Plural double bonds between ring members of the hetero ring
506  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Hydrocarbyl substituted
507  DF  .~.~.~.~ One double bond between ring members of the hetero ring
508  DF  .~.~.~.~ Preparing from compound containing -COO- group
509  DF  .~.~.~.~ Preparing from a hydroxy containing compound
510  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is four-membered
511  DF  .~.~.~.~ Sulfur or halogen attached directly or indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
512  DF  .~.~.~ The hetero ring is three-membered consisting of one oxygen and two carbons
513  DF  .~.~.~.~ Processes
514  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Epihalohydrin, glycerol monohalohydrin or glycerol dihalohydrin reactant
515  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Glycidyl ester formed by bonding the oxy of a -COO- group directly to an acyclic carbon which is bonded directly to an oxirane ring
516  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Glycidyl ether formed by bonding oxygen directly to an acyclic carbon which is bonded directly to an oxirane ring
517  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Phenolic ether formed
518  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring formed
519  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Carbonyl of aldehyde or ketone reacted to form oxirane ring
520  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ By dehydrohalogenation of a halohydrin or by reacting a hypohalite or hypohalous acid with an ethylenically unsaturated compound at the site of unsaturation
521  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring and chalcogen, cyano, nitrogen, or halogen are bonded directly to the same carbon (e.g., glycidyl ester formed, etc.)
522  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Oxirane ring is unsubstituted or hydrocarbyl substituted only
523  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Epoxidation at site of ethylenic unsaturation
524  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Liquid phase epoxidation
525  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Organic peracid utilized
526  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ In situ formation of the organic peracid from carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide
527  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Epoxidizing unsaturated fat or fatty oil, or unsaturated derivative thereof
528  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Epoxidizing unsaturated fat or fatty oil, or unsaturated derivative thereof
529  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Organic hydroperoxide reactant
530  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Boron containing catalyst utilized
531  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Hydrogen peroxide utilized
532  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Air or molecular oxygen utilized
533  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Heavy metal containing catalyst utilized
534  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Silver containing catalyst utilized
535  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Fluidized catalyst
536  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional heavy metal containing material utilized (e.g., promoter which contains heavy metal utilized, etc.)
537  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Group IIA light metal containing material utilized
538  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Purification or recovery
539  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Ether or -COO- group formed
540  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Isomerization, halogenation, hydrogenation, or dehydrohalogenation to form compound
541  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Purification or recovery
542  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ By adsorption or by chemical reaction with impurity
543  DF  .~.~.~.~ Polycyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
544  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tetracyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
545  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Tricyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
546  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Bicyclo ring system having the hetero ring as one of the cyclos
547  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Plural bicyclo ring systems each having a hetero ring as one of the cyclos
548  DF  .~.~.~.~ Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, bonded directly to the hetero ring
549  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The -C(=X)- is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
550  DF  .~.~.~.~ Cyano, nitrogen, or halogen bonded directly to the hetero ring
551  DF  .~.~.~.~ Nitrogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
552  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Cyano or nitrogen and the hetero ring bonded directly to the same carbon
553  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The nitrogen is bonded directly to a -C(=X)- group, wherein X is chalcogen
554  DF  .~.~.~.~ Chalcogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
555  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ Chalcogen and the hetero ring bonded directly to the same carbon (e.g., glycidyl ethers, etc.)
556  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Sulfur or -C(=X)-, wherein X is chalcogen, attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
557  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group or a -X-X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens (e.g., -COO-HCH-oxirane, etc.)
558  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Halogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding
559  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~.~ Carbocyclic ring containing
560  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Carbocyclic ring containing
561  DF  .~.~.~.~.~ The chalcogen, X, is part of a -C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's are the same or diverse chalcogens
562  DF  .~.~.~.~.~.~ Additional -C(=X)- or other sulfur attached indirectly to the hetero ring
563  DF  .~.~.~.~ Halogen attached indirectly to the hetero ring by nonionic bonding